Publication: Nigeria Development Update, June 2021: Resilience through Reforms
Date
2021-06
ISSN
Published
2021-06
Author(s)
World Bank
Abstract
In 2020, Nigeria experienced its deepest
recession in four decades, but growth resumed in the fourth
quarter as pandemic restrictions were eased, oil prices
recovered, and the authorities implemented policies to
counter the economic shock. As a result, in 2020 the
Nigerian economy experienced a smaller contraction (-1.8
percent) than had been projected when the pandemic began
(-3.2 percent). As part of its response, the government
carried out several long-delayed policy reforms, often
against vocal opposition. Notably, the government (1) began
to harmonize exchange rates; (2) began to eliminate gasoline
subsidies; (3) started adjusting electricity tariffs to more
cost-reflective levels; (4) cut nonessential spending and
redirected resources to COVID-19 (coronavirus) responses at
both the federal and the state levels; and (5) enhanced debt
management and increased public-sector transparency,
especially for oil and gas operations. By creating
additional fiscal space and maximizing the impact of the
government’s limited resources, these measures were critical
in protecting the economy against a much deeper recession
and in laying the foundation for earlier recovery. However,
several critical reforms are as yet incomplete, which
threatens Nigeria’s nascent recovery. In the baseline
scenario, Nigeria’s economy is expected to grow by 1.8
percent in 2021. Despite the current favorable external
environment, with oil prices recovering and growth in
advanced economies, reform slippages would hinder the
renewed economic expansion and undermine progress toward
Nigeria’s development goals. In a risk scenario, in which
the government fails to sustain recent macroeconomic and
structural reforms, the pace of economic recovery would
slow, and GDP growth couldbe just 1.1 percent in 2021.
Link to Data Set
Citation
“World Bank. 2021. Nigeria Development Update, June 2021: Resilience through Reforms. © World Bank, Washington, DC. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/35786 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO.”