Publication: Kyrgyz Republic Public Expenditure Review Policy Notes : Public Wage Bill
Loading...
Date
2014-05
ISSN
Published
2014-05
Author(s)
Editor(s)
Abstract
Restraining the growing wage bill expenditures while enhancing the performance of the public sector remains one of the government's major development priorities. Wage bill levels in the Kyrgyz Republic are high compared to the majority of Europe and Central Asia (ECA) countries, constituting almost one third of government expenditures. Over the last few years, the government has undertaken important steps towards enhancing pay systems and improving competitiveness of pay in public health and education sectors accounting for almost 66 percent of the wage bill. The Kyrgyz Republic confronts the need to restrain its public wage bill as part of its mid-term fiscal strategy, as well as the need to improve the performance of the public sector. The analysis, undertaken in this policy note, suggests that the government should consider the following measures and reforms: improve predictability of the wage bill and avoid further ad hoc increase in wages; moderate and gradual consolidation of employment; any increase of the base pay elements has to be linked to modest and gradual consolidation of public sector employment, and should be limited to inflation as needed; establishment controls need to be strengthened through sound monitoring of the number of employees and payroll in all parts of the public sector; and civil service pay reform has to be undertaken with a unified pay system, gradually introduced at all levels of the government. This note discusses public sector wage management in the Kyrgyz Republic, by analyzing wage bill expenditure levels over the last decade with a closer examination of dynamics in 2008-2011.
Link to Data Set
Citation
“World Bank. 2014. Kyrgyz Republic Public Expenditure Review Policy Notes : Public Wage Bill. © http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19309 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO.”
Associated URLs
Associated content
Other publications in this report series
Journal
Journal Volume
Journal Issue
Collections
Related items
Showing items related by metadata.
Publication Policy Note on the Unfinished Fiscal Reform Agenda in Indian States(Washington, DC, 2008-06)Both central and state governments have carried out significant correction of financial imbalances since 2000, through the implementation of fiscal reforms including enactment of fiscal responsibility (FR) acts. However, the improvement in the finances of all states in aggregate hides wide disparities between them. Some state governments are already on a sustainable path while some others are far from it. Some have complied with their Fiscal Responsibility acts both in letter and spirit, while others have accumulated off-budget liabilities to unsustainable levels, circumventing the FR acts, which did not specify caps on such liabilities. Moreover, fiscal correction by an Indian state is only a means to an end. The end that is, achievement of development goals-depends on how fiscal space is used, or how efficiently the money is spent to produce outputs and the desired outcomes. A strong fiscal performance will lead both to an improvement in the overall balance via improved structure of revenue and expenditures, with incentives in place to ensure sustained fiscal improvement, and better outcomes associated with budget outlays. Note one examines progress with overall fiscal correction by Indian states during 2000-06. Note two presents case studies of fiscal adjustment experience in three selected states. Finally, note three illustrates how expenditure efficiency could be measured so as to address the challenge of translating outlays to outcomes.Publication Zimbabwe Public Expenditure Notes : Managing Government Wage Bill for Sustained Recovery(Washington, DC, 2010-08-11)The Government of Zimbabwe (GOZ) faces difficult choices in managing the size of its civil service wage bill. The Government understands the need to watch the escalating wage bill carefully and put in place a strategy to steer it to a sustainable level as early as possible. Historical and international comparisons suggest that an overall wage bill of around 10 percent of GDP should be the medium-term target. This note illustrates that Zimbabwe could take immediate steps in 2010 and 2011 that will put it on the path of a sustainable level of wage bill in the medium-term. The focus of efforts to contain the wage bill should be on short-term measures because designing and implementing a medium-term approach to wage bill management would be too challenging in view of prevailing economic uncertainty and complex political reality. The note covers the staff employed by the Central Government, including uniformed services and staff employed by the Grant-in-Aided (GIA) institutions. The staff employed by local governments and public enterprises are excluded because direct transfers from the central budget to local government and public enterprises are rather small. (annex A has an outline of the institutional aspects of civil service in Zimbabwe). Given the paucity of information, the note does not make any recommendations specific to the GIA wage bill.Publication Honduras : Public Expenditure Review, Volume 1. Executive Summary and Main Report(Washington, DC, 2007-11-19)Macroeconomic developments in Honduras over the last four years have been generally favorable, largely reflecting a benign external environment. Honduras' medium-term macroeconomic outlook, however, is clouded by several significant fiscal challenges. These challenges include: (a) rising operating losses of the public enterprises; (b) rising public wages; and (c) popular pressures to increase subsidies in transport, fuel, and electricity, as well as to freeze gasoline and energy prices, in the wake of international oil price hikes. To satisfy the rapidly rising demand for education in Honduras, the educational wage bill will have to rise by approximately 41 percent in real terms over the next 10 years. Even without any further adjustments in 2010, due to the agreement reached with the teachers union in August 2006 (PASCE) salary increases are coupled with projected enrollment demand the educational wage bill stands to increase by 141 percent over the next 10 years.Publication Lao PDR - Civil Service Pay and Compensation Review : Attracting and Motivating Civil Servants(World Bank, 2010-06-01)Lao PDR is at a point on its development trajectory where strategic attention to administrative performance is crucial. An efficient and high-performing civil service, with the compensation and human resource management systems to attract and motivate qualified personnel, will be essential to Lao PDR's development efforts. The ministerial-level Public Administration and Civil Service Authority (PACSA) is currently spearheading the drafting of a comprehensive new civil service management strategy that will be implemented over the period 2010-2020, with a number of important reforms to strengthen the civil service anticipated to take place within the next five years. Key objectives include improvements in human resource policies and planning, salary reform, and enhanced performance management. In order to present as comprehensive a picture as possible of the Lao civil service pay and compensation system, and its strengths and challenges, this report comprises four chapters. The first characterizes the Lao civil service in perspective. The second examines how civil servants are compensated. The third assesses whether they are compensated adequately. The fourth summarizes civil servants own characterization of their incentives in both compensation- and non-compensation-related terms. A brief conclusion points to a set of principles for civil service reform and outlines three sequenced steps toward achieving a more rational civil service pay and grading system.Publication The Caucasian Tiger : Sustaining Economic Growth in Armenia(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2007)This book is intended to explain the factors underlying the stellar growth record that has led to Armenia's emergence as the Caucasian Tiger and to provide policy advice to the Armenian authorities to ensure the continuation of this growth. The book is presented in two parts, with Part I containing the analysis and the policy advice and Part II containing detailed background papers. The attribution for the emergence of Armenia as the Caucasian Tiger lies in the creation of an environment of macroeconomic stability and the determined pursuit of reforms aimed at establishing a market economy that was integrated with the world. This book describes that story. But the central focus of the book remains the reform agenda for the future. It is argued that the continuation of high rates of growth would require building defenses against economic shocks the country may face, and this would entail addressing the key vulnerabilities in today's economy. Thus the book is intended not only as a case study of success in post-Soviet economic transition, but also as a candid piece of policy advice for the Armenian authorities
Users also downloaded
Showing related downloaded files
Publication World Development Indicators 2014(Washington, DC, 2014-05-09)World Development Indicators 2014 provides a compilation of relevant, high-quality, and internationally comparable statistics about global development and the fight against poverty. It is intended to help users of all kinds—policymakers, students, analysts, professors, program managers, and citizens—find and use data related to all aspects of development, including those that help monitor and understand progress toward the two goals. Six themes are used to organize indicators—world view, people, environment, economy, states and markets, and global links. As in past editions, World view reviews global progress toward the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and provides key indicators related to poverty. A complementary online data analysis tool is available this year to allow readers to further investigate global, regional, and country progress on the MDGs: http://data.worldbank.org/mdgs. Each of the remaining sections includes an introduction; six stories highlighting specific global, regional or country trends; and a table of the most relevant and popular indicators for that theme, together with a discussion of indicator compilation methodology.Publication World Development Report 2006(Washington, DC, 2005)This year’s Word Development Report (WDR), the twenty-eighth, looks at the role of equity in the development process. It defines equity in terms of two basic principles. The first is equal opportunities: that a person’s chances in life should be determined by his or her talents and efforts, rather than by pre-determined circumstances such as race, gender, social or family background. The second principle is the avoidance of extreme deprivation in outcomes, particularly in health, education and consumption levels. This principle thus includes the objective of poverty reduction. The report’s main message is that, in the long run, the pursuit of equity and the pursuit of economic prosperity are complementary. In addition to detailed chapters exploring these and related issues, the Report contains selected data from the World Development Indicators 2005‹an appendix of economic and social data for over 200 countries. This Report offers practical insights for policymakers, executives, scholars, and all those with an interest in economic development.Publication Lebanon Economic Monitor, Fall 2022(Washington, DC, 2022-11)The economy continues to contract, albeit at a somewhat slower pace. Public finances improved in 2021, but only because spending collapsed faster than revenue generation. Testament to the continued atrophy of Lebanon’s economy, the Lebanese Pound continues to depreciate sharply. The sharp deterioration in the currency continues to drive surging inflation, in triple digits since July 2020, impacting the poor and vulnerable the most. An unprecedented institutional vacuum will likely further delay any agreement on crisis resolution and much needed reforms; this includes prior actions as part of the April 2022 International Monetary Fund (IMF) staff-level agreement (SLA). Divergent views among key stakeholders on how to distribute the financial losses remains the main bottleneck for reaching an agreement on a comprehensive reform agenda. Lebanon needs to urgently adopt a domestic, equitable, and comprehensive solution that is predicated on: (i) addressing upfront the balance sheet impairments, (ii) restoring liquidity, and (iii) adhering to sound global practices of bail-in solutions based on a hierarchy of creditors (starting with banks’ shareholders) that protects small depositors.Publication Argentina Country Climate and Development Report(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2022-11)The Argentina Country Climate and Development Report (CCDR) explores opportunities and identifies trade-offs for aligning Argentina’s growth and poverty reduction policies with its commitments on, and its ability to withstand, climate change. It assesses how the country can: reduce its vulnerability to climate shocks through targeted public and private investments and adequation of social protection. The report also shows how Argentina can seize the benefits of a global decarbonization path to sustain a more robust economic growth through further development of Argentina’s potential for renewable energy, energy efficiency actions, the lithium value chain, as well as climate-smart agriculture (and land use) options. Given Argentina’s context, this CCDR focuses on win-win policies and investments, which have large co-benefits or can contribute to raising the country’s growth while helping to adapt the economy, also considering how human capital actions can accompany a just transition.Publication Classroom Assessment to Support Foundational Literacy(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2025-03-21)This document focuses primarily on how classroom assessment activities can measure students’ literacy skills as they progress along a learning trajectory towards reading fluently and with comprehension by the end of primary school grades. The document addresses considerations regarding the design and implementation of early grade reading classroom assessment, provides examples of assessment activities from a variety of countries and contexts, and discusses the importance of incorporating classroom assessment practices into teacher training and professional development opportunities for teachers. The structure of the document is as follows. The first section presents definitions and addresses basic questions on classroom assessment. Section 2 covers the intersection between assessment and early grade reading by discussing how learning assessment can measure early grade reading skills following the reading learning trajectory. Section 3 compares some of the most common early grade literacy assessment tools with respect to the early grade reading skills and developmental phases. Section 4 of the document addresses teacher training considerations in developing, scoring, and using early grade reading assessment. Additional issues in assessing reading skills in the classroom and using assessment results to improve teaching and learning are reviewed in section 5. Throughout the document, country cases are presented to demonstrate how assessment activities can be implemented in the classroom in different contexts.