Publication:
How Did Countries Respond to the COVID-19 Crisis? Emerging Patterns on Jobs-Relates Policies

dc.contributor.author Contreras , Ivette
dc.contributor.author Khamis, Melanie
dc.contributor.author Newhouse, David
dc.contributor.author Weber, Michael
dc.date.accessioned 2023-04-24T16:31:58Z
dc.date.available 2023-04-24T16:31:58Z
dc.date.issued 2023-04-24
dc.description.abstract This brief investigates the differences in countries’ jobs-related policy responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. Four main patterns emerge. First, the type of labor policies adopted by countries varied greatly according to their income level. Low-income countries were more likely to implement public works programs but not other policies, such as unemployment benefits, labor regulations, wage subsidies, training and placements policies, firm liquidity support, and cash transfers to workers. Meanwhile, countries with more formal workforce and existing unemployment benefits systems were more likely to implement policies such as unemployment benefits and labor regulations. Second, low- and lower-middle-income countries devoted a lower share of their gross domestic product (GDP) to expenditure on new job-related policies. Third, conditional on countries’ income group, the magnitude of the GDP shock did not have a statistically significant correlation with the adoption of different policies. This may reflect uncertainty in the the extent of the GDP shock when the policy response was determined or noise in the measure of GDP. Finally, countries that adopted more stringent COVID-19 restrictions were more likely to adopt changes to labor regulations, specifically changes in working conditions to try to soften the blow on workers. These results suggest that the policy response to the crisis in low- and lower-middle-income countries was constrained by the lack of resources, resulting in lower-cost policies with generally limited impacts on workers. en
dc.identifier http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099013004182322366/IDU0c385f83e0e61b04b71080e50da97f2e9cc62
dc.identifier.uri https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/39730
dc.language English
dc.language.iso en_US
dc.publisher World Bank, Washington DC
dc.relation.ispartofseries Jobs Watch COVID-19
dc.rights CC BY-NC 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holder World Bank
dc.rights.uri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/igo/
dc.subject JOBS
dc.subject EMPLOYMENT
dc.subject POLICIES
dc.subject COVID-19
dc.title How Did Countries Respond to the COVID-19 Crisis? Emerging Patterns on Jobs-Relates Policies en
dc.type Brief
dspace.entity.type Publication
okr.crossref.title How Did Countries Respond to the COVID-19 Crisis? Emerging Patterns on Jobs-Relates Policies
okr.date.disclosure 2023-04-24
okr.date.lastmodified 2023-04-18T00:00:00Z en
okr.doctype Publications & Research :: Brief
okr.docurl http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099013004182322366/IDU0c385f83e0e61b04b71080e50da97f2e9cc62
okr.guid 099013004182322366
okr.identifier.docmid IDU-c385f83e-e61b-4b71-80e5-da97f2e9cc62
okr.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/39730
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum 34044649
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum 34044649
okr.identifier.report 181620
okr.import.id 533
okr.imported true en
okr.language.supported en
okr.pdfurl http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099013004182322366/pdf/IDU0c385f83e0e61b04b71080e50da97f2e9cc62.pdf en
okr.region.geographical World
okr.topic Law and Development :: Labor & Employment Law
okr.unit JOBS- CCSA - IBRD (HSPJB)
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