Publication: A Framework for Private Sector-Led Offshore Wind Projects in Viet Nam: Next Steps for Advancing Viet Nam’s Offshore Wind Journey
Loading...
Published
2025-06-13
ISSN
Date
2025-06-13
Author(s)
Editor(s)
Abstract
Viet Nam’s rapidly growing economy has created increasing energy demands, with significant untapped offshore wind resources located in shallow waters near population centers. While several near-shore projects were previously developed under a Feed-in-Tariff system, no far-shore installations exist yet. Despite initial interest from international developers, many investors withdrew while awaiting policy clarity. This report aims to inform industry stakeholders about Viet Nam’s current offshore wind policies and regulations while providing recommendations to the government for framework improvements that will support project success and help achieve national targets. For Viet Nam to realize its offshore wind potential and meet national energy targets, a balanced approach that leverages both state and private sector capabilities while providing a stable, attractive investment environment is essential.
Link to Data Set
Citation
“World Bank Group. 2025. A Framework for Private Sector-Led Offshore Wind Projects in Viet Nam: Next Steps for Advancing Viet Nam’s Offshore Wind Journey. © World Bank. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/43331 License: CC BY-NC 3.0 IGO.”
Digital Object Identifier
Associated URLs
Associated content
Other publications in this report series
Journal
Journal Volume
Journal Issue
Collections
Related items
Showing items related by metadata.
Publication Viet Nam Offshore Wind Sectoral Planning(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2025-07-23)Viet Nam has pledged to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050. This will require increasing diversity in Viet Nam’s electricity supply, a transition to renewable electricity generation, and a reduction in the dependence on coal for electricity generation. Offshore wind holds significant potential for Viet Nam as a large-scale, clean, and reliable form of electricity generation. In 2023, with the approval of the Power Development Plan VIII (PDP8), Viet Nam set a target to install at least 6 GW of offshore wind by 2030 and between 70 GW and 91.5 GW by 2050. With the planned large-scale deployment of offshore wind in Viet Nam, marine spatial planning is critical. This was highlighted in the World Bank’s Offshore Wind Roadmap for Viet Nam which recommended that marine spatial planning for offshore wind is undertaken as a priority activity. This report describes an early-stage marine spatial planning exercise that has been undertaken to inform the location of future offshore wind projects. It provides spatial data layers, an adaptable methodology, and advisory analysis to help identify the least constrained, most economically attractive areas for offshore wind deployment in Viet Nam.Publication China - Meeting the Challenges of Offshore and Large-Scale Wind Power : Regulatory Review of Offshore Wind in Five European Countries(World Bank, 2010-05-01)The objective of this study is to review international experience in offshore wind power development and draw on the lessons learned from the experience of different countries. To date, that experience has predominantly been limited to Europe. Significantly different regulatory and physical planning approaches have been taken in the different countries. Hence, the experience is particularly helpful in providing suggestions for a new market. The study focuses on describing the past, present, and planned future regulatory regime in each country. Both positive and negative experiences to date have been explored in the context of regulatory arrangements, and they have been used to draw general conclusions on the characteristics of the most effective systems. At the same time, it has been recognized throughout that a single model is unlikely to provide the 'best fit' for all countries, given national differences. Chapters two, three, and four, focusing on market development, targets and incentives, and regulatory framework, respectively, provide background information on each country studied. These chapters are primarily descriptive in nature. Chapter five provides a discussion of the lessons that can be learned from the experience in each national market, as well as the underlying incentives (or drivers) for overcoming barriers and deploying offshore wind capacity in each case. Chapter six draws this experience together as it identifies and summarizes recurring themes and uses them to develop suggested best practice for the regulation of offshore wind. A glossary is included that explains important terms and abbreviations used within the report. The appendixes summarize the actual consenting experience in a number of countries.Publication China - Meeting the Challenges of Offshore and Large-Scale Wind Power : Strategic Guidance(World Bank, 2010-03-01)In view of the escalating global problems associated with the environment, energy, and natural resources, especially the increasing sign of global climate change, wind power is receiving more and more high-level attention on a global scale, and it has reached a rapid rate of development as a result of the combined efforts of various countries. The world's installed capacity of wind power has already surpassed 100 GW, and wind power has become an essential part of the world's energy structure. This publication comprises three main parts: i) part A contains the key messages emerging from the research and analytical work undertaken by Garrad Hassan and Partners Limited, the team of Chinese experts led by the national energy administration, and staff and consultants of the World Bank; ii) part B comprises the Garrad Hassan and Partners Limited study, 'implementation guidance for offshore and large-scale onshore wind power development in China,' and its annexes; and iii) part C focuses on the workshop on offshore and intertidal wind power development in China, which was held in Beijing in January 2009, and it includes technical notes on three main issues discussed during the workshop, remarks by senior officials from the Government of China, and the presentation by the World Bank during the event.Publication Making Offshore Wind Work(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2025-04-10)This report distils experiences from established offshore wind markets into key success factors to help emerging markets build successful offshore wind sectors. It is designed to share international good practice while recognizing the unique contexts of each country. The key factors described here are, therefore, directional rather than prescriptive. This resource has been developed for government officials and stakeholders in low- and middle-income countries. However, many of the issues and key factors are equally applicable to other countries. Any country interested in exploiting its offshore wind energy resources needs to answer the fundamental question “should we develop offshore wind?” The answer to this question will vary from one country to another, depending on the country’s priorities and the feasibility and viability of offshore wind in that country. Before embarking on a journey towards offshore wind deployment, it is important for governments to consider how offshore wind could fit into the country’s long-term energy strategy. Separate guidance on the topic of feasibility is available. The development of an offshore wind sector relies on many different stakeholders playing important and complementary roles; from politicians setting out strategies to port owners planning new facilities. As such, the report highlights information relevant to each stakeholder group while also providing a holistic understanding of how the different parts are woven into the big picture.Publication Greening the Wind : Environmental and Social Considerations for Wind Power Development(World Bank, 2011-12-01)This report identifies good practices for managing the key environmental and social issues associated with wind power development and provides advice on how best to address these issues in project planning, construction, and operation and maintenance. It provides detailed background information on wind power, with special focus on two emerging themes of growing scientific and public interest: namely the biodiversity-related impacts and the broader socioeconomic and cultural dimensions of wind power development. Like wind power itself, the scope of this report is worldwide although special attention is paid to the issues characteristic of the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) region. While the principal focus is on land-based wind power, it also briefly addresses the environmental and social impacts related to off shore wind development. Wind power today is widely regarded as a key component of an environmentally sustainable, low-carbon energy future because it is renewable, requires almost no water, and generates near-zero emissions of greenhouse gases and other pollutants. In many parts of the world, wind power has the potential to significantly reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from electric power generation, thereby helping to limit the severe environmental and social consequences of human-induced climate change. The growth of wind power has also occurred due to its other positive attributes, including growing economic competitiveness. The adverse biodiversity-related impacts of wind power facilities mainly involve birds, bats, and natural habitats.
Users also downloaded
Showing related downloaded files
Publication Reboot Development: The Economics of a Livable Planet(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2025-09-01)“Reboot Development: The Economics of a Livable Planet” explores how the foundational natural endowments of land, air, and water—long taken for granted—are under growing threat, putting at risk the very progress they helped create. For generations, natural resources have powered development, supporting health, food, energy, and economic opportunity. Today, strains on these resources are intensifying. This report argues that failing to maintain a livable planet is not merely a distant environmental concern, but a present economic threat. Drawing on new data, the report shows that over 90 percent of the world is exposed to poor air quality, degraded land, or water stress. Loss of forests cuts rainfall, dries soils, and worsens droughts, costing billions of dollars. The nitrogen paradox emerges—fertilizers boost yields but overuse in some regions harms crops and ecosystems. Meanwhile, air and water pollution silently damage health, productivity, and cognition, sapping human potential. The report warns that these hidden costs are too large to ignore. Yet the message is not one of constraint but of possibility. Nature, when wisely stewarded, can drive growth, create jobs, and build resilience. The report shows that more efficient resource use—like better nitrogen management and forest restoration—yields benefits that far exceed the costs. It also urges a shift to cleaner sectors and producing “better things,” noting that these provide new sources of growth, creating more jobs per dollar invested. The findings are clear: Investing in nature is not only good for the planet, it is smart development.Publication Global Economic Prospects, January 2025(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2025-01-16)Global growth is expected to hold steady at 2.7 percent in 2025-26. However, the global economy appears to be settling at a low growth rate that will be insufficient to foster sustained economic development—with the possibility of further headwinds from heightened policy uncertainty and adverse trade policy shifts, geopolitical tensions, persistent inflation, and climate-related natural disasters. Against this backdrop, emerging market and developing economies are set to enter the second quarter of the twenty-first century with per capita incomes on a trajectory that implies substantially slower catch-up toward advanced-economy living standards than they previously experienced. Without course corrections, most low-income countries are unlikely to graduate to middle-income status by the middle of the century. Policy action at both global and national levels is needed to foster a more favorable external environment, enhance macroeconomic stability, reduce structural constraints, address the effects of climate change, and thus accelerate long-term growth and development.Publication Global Economic Prospects, June 2025(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2025-06-10)The global economy is facing another substantial headwind, emanating largely from an increase in trade tensions and heightened global policy uncertainty. For emerging market and developing economies (EMDEs), the ability to boost job creation and reduce extreme poverty has declined. Key downside risks include a further escalation of trade barriers and continued policy uncertainty. These challenges are exacerbated by subdued foreign direct investment into EMDEs. Global cooperation is needed to restore a more stable international trade environment and scale up support for vulnerable countries grappling with conflict, debt burdens, and climate change. Domestic policy action is also critical to contain inflation risks and strengthen fiscal resilience. To accelerate job creation and long-term growth, structural reforms must focus on raising institutional quality, attracting private investment, and strengthening human capital and labor markets. Countries in fragile and conflict situations face daunting development challenges that will require tailored domestic policy reforms and well-coordinated multilateral support.Publication The Global Findex Database 2025: Connectivity and Financial Inclusion in the Digital Economy(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2025-07-16)The Global Findex 2025 reveals how mobile technology is equipping more adults around the world to own and use financial accounts to save formally, access credit, make and receive digital payments, and pursue opportunities. Including the inaugural Global Findex Digital Connectivity Tracker, this fifth edition of Global Findex presents new insights on the interactions among mobile phone ownership, internet use, and financial inclusion. The Global Findex is the world’s most comprehensive database on digital and financial inclusion. It is also the only global source of comparable demand-side data, allowing cross-country analysis of how adults access and use mobile phones, the internet, and financial accounts to reach digital information and resources, save, borrow, make payments, and manage their financial health. Data for the Global Findex 2025 were collected from nationally representative surveys of about 145,000 adults in 141 economies. The latest edition follows the 2011, 2014, 2017, and 2021 editions and includes new series measuring mobile phone ownership and internet use, digital safety, and frequency of transactions using financial services. The Global Findex 2025 is an indispensable resource for policy makers in the fields of digital connectivity and financial inclusion, as well as for practitioners, researchers, and development professionals.Publication Green Technologies: Decarbonizing Development in East Asia and Pacific(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2025-05-19)The East Asia and Pacific region is helping the world decarbonize and is encouraging the domestic adoption of renewables. But there is an imbalance: while the region’s innovation and investment improve global access to green technologies, its own emissions continue to grow because of the reluctance to penalize carbon-intensive practices. The disparity between domestic supply and demand spills over into international trade, provoking measures by other countries that limit access to markets and technologies. "Green Technologies: Decarbonizing Development in East Asia and Pacific" argues that deeper reform of the region’s own policies will encourage the domestic diffusion of cleaner technologies and may also foster greater international cooperation—on climate as well as on innovation and trade in green goods. The book proposes a framework to guide policy on green technology development and diffusion. It will be of interest to policy makers, businesses, and researchers working at the intersection of economics and environmental policy.