Publication: Improving Access to Jobs and Earnings Opportunities : The Role of Activation and Graduation Policies in Developing Countries
Date
2012-03-01
ISSN
Published
2012-03-01
Author(s)
Arbelaez, Juliana
Kuddo, Arvo
Lohmann, Tanja
Ovadiya, Mirey
Pop, Lucian
Weber, Michael
Abstract
Throughout the developing world there is
a growing demand for advice on the design of policies to
facilitate access of the most vulnerable individuals to
jobs, while reducing their dependency from public income
support schemes. Even though these policies are common to
both the activation and graduation agendas, a separation is
needed as the graduation of beneficiaries out of poverty is
a much more ambitious agenda. This paper proposes a simple
policy framework highlighting the most common barriers for
productive employment. It also reviews the topic of
incentive compatibility of income support schemes and
employment support programs that are used to address them.
The paper finds that, especially in middle income countries,
activation and active labor market programs play an
important role connecting individuals to jobs and improving
earnings opportunities. In low income countries, these
programs are far from being a panacea to graduate
beneficiaries out of poverty. Furthermore, only scant
evidence is available on the pathways to graduation and
significant knowledge gaps remain. More cross-disciplinary
research is needed to strengthen the evidence base and
develop recommendations for different contexts and capacity levels.
Citation
“Almeida, Rita; Arbelaez, Juliana; Honorati, Maddalena; Kuddo, Arvo; Lohmann, Tanja; Ovadiya, Mirey; Pop, Lucian; Sanchez Puerta, Maria Laura; Weber, Michael. 2012. Improving Access to Jobs and Earnings Opportunities : The Role of Activation and Graduation Policies in Developing Countries. Social Protection and Labor Discussion Paper;No. 1204. © World Bank, Washington, DC. http://openknowledge.worldbank.org/entities/publication/50650f44-803d-55c5-a50e-43b0ff7ba83f License: CC BY 3.0 IGO.”