Publication: Indonesia Economic Prospects, July 2020: The Long Road to Recovery
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2020-07
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2020-07
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The COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic and associated containment measures triggered the deepest global recession in eight decades. As many countries implemented lockdowns and travel restrictions, global demand for goods and services plummeted along with tourism flows and commodity prices; supply chains were disrupted; and financial market volatility spiked. The Government of Indonesia also implemented mobility restrictions from mid-March and then a partial lockdown from April to June, preventing many firms and shops from operating, and discouraging many consumers from shopping. Hit by severe external and domestic shocks, economic activity tumbled. Real GDP growth slumped from 5.0 percent yoy in Q4 2019 to 3.0 percent in Q1 2020, the lowest quarterly growth since 2001. Private consumption slowed as mobility restrictions and personal avoidance behavior curbed household consumption. Investment growth also declined with heightened uncertainty and lower commodity prices. There was broad-based slowdown across sectors. Manufacturing, construction and low value-added service sectors including transport, storage, hotels and restaurants, sectors that employ a larger number of workers, all saw a near halving in their sectoral growth rates from Q4 2019. In contrast, growth of modern, knowledge-intensive services sectors, including digital, financial, education and health services accelerated. The slowdown in domestic demand and the unexpected growth in some manufactured exports helped narrow the current account deficit (CAD) to 2.5 percent of GDP in Q1 2020 from 2.7 percent of GDP in Q4 2019. The goods trade surplus soared, as some diversion of manufacturing production from China and higher palm oil prices earlier in the year propped up export values, while imports contracted due to lower consumption and, investment and falling oil prices. With the sudden stop in global travel and transport, both services exports and imports plunged.
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“World Bank. 2020. Indonesia Economic Prospects, July 2020: The Long Road to Recovery. © World Bank. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34123 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO.”
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Notwithstanding the policy response, the current pace of recovery indicates that Indonesia will finish this year in recession, the first time in two decades.Publication Indonesia Economic Quarterly, July 2014 : Hard Choices(Washington, DC, 2014-07)The Indonesia Economic Quarterly (IEQ) has two main objectives. First, it reports on the key developments over the past three months in Indonesia's economy, and places these in a longer term and global context. Based on these developments, and on policy changes over the period, the IEQ regularly updates the outlook for Indonesia's economy and social welfare. Second, the IEQ provides a more in-depth examination of selected economic and policy issues, and analysis of Indonesia s medium-term development challenges. It is intended for a wide audience, including policymakers, business leaders, financial market participants, and the community of analysts and professionals engaged in Indonesia's evolving economy. As Indonesians await the results of a presidential election on July 9, 2014 and plan for the upcoming inauguration of a new president in October, they face hard policy choices. The past decade of solid growth has contributed to considerable development progress. Indonesia now has the world's tenth largest economy in purchasing power parity-adjusted terms; however, there remains a clear risk that the recent moderation in economic growth could intensify. Against a backdrop of weakening revenue growth and rising energy subsidy spending, this would further constrain development expenditures in critical areas such as infrastructure, social protection and health. The new government will face an evolving global environment, which is expected to pick up speed later this year. The price of Indonesia's top six exports, accounting for 50 percent of total export revenues, continues to soften, falling by 8.6 percent in 2014 through June, led by coal (down 15.2 percent). 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