Publication: The Global HIV Epidemics among Men Who Have Sex with Men
Date
2011-05-27
ISSN
Published
2011-05-27
Author(s)
Beyrer, Chris
Wirtz, Andrea L.
Walker, Damian
Johns, Benjamin
Sifakis, Frangiscos
Baral, Stefan D.
Abstract
Men who have sex with Men (MSM) are
currently at marked risk for HIV infection in Low- and
Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) in Asia, Africa, Latin
America and the Caribbean, and in Eastern Europe and Central
Asia. Estimates of HIV prevalence rates have been
consistently higher among MSM than for the general
population of reproductive-age men virtually wherever MSM
have been well studied. Although scarce, HIV incidence data
support findings of high acquisition and transmission risks
among MSM in multiple contexts, cultural settings, and
economic levels. Research among MSM in LMICs has been
limited by the criminalization and social stigmatization of
these behaviors, the safety considerations for study
participants, the hidden nature of these populations, and a
lack of targeted funding. Available evidence from these
countries suggests that structural risks social, economic,
political, or legal factors in addition to individual-level
risk factors are likely to play important roles in shaping
HIV risks and treatment and care options for these men.
Services and resources for populations of MSM remain
markedly low in many settings. They have limited coverage
and access to HIV/AIDS prevention, treatment, and care
services with some estimates suggesting that fewer than one
in ten MSM worldwide have access to the most basic package
of preventive interventions.
Citation
“Beyrer, Chris; Wirtz, Andrea L.; Walker, Damian; Johns, Benjamin; Sifakis, Frangiscos; Baral, Stefan D.. 2011. The Global HIV Epidemics among Men
Who Have Sex with Men. Directions in Development. © World Bank. http://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/2308 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO.”
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