Publication:
Family Policies in Russia: Could Efforts to Raise Fertility Rates Slow Population Aging?

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dc.contributor.authorElizarov, Valeriy
dc.contributor.authorLevin, Victoria
dc.date.accessioned2015-09-14T17:11:34Z
dc.date.available2015-09-14T17:11:34Z
dc.date.issued2015-09-12
dc.description.abstractPolicymakers in many countries, including the Russian Federation, are attempting to encourage fertility as part of their response to the challenge of population aging. Whether pro-natalist policies will be effective depends crucially on how well they address the underlying causes of low fertility and barriers to larger family size. While in some countries in Western Europe postponing childbearing and increased childlessness seem to be driving the fertility decline, these factors do not appear to be as influential in Russia. Instead, the problem seems to be the relatively low frequency of second and higher-order births, which persists despite major changes to pro-natalist policies introduced in 2007 and the prevalence of the two-child ideal of family size. This study analyzes current and prospective fertility trends in contemporary Russia, with special attention to second-child birth dynamics and its determinants. Stable employment and accessibility of formal childcare options are found to be factors that are correlated with mothers preferences for additional children and the probability that they will have a second child. In light of this observation and international experience, a menu of policies to improve work-family balance is suggested.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/09/25045632/
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/22614
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/22614
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectLIVING STANDARDS
dc.subjectPOPULATION INCREASE
dc.subjectUNITED NATIONS POPULATION DIVISION
dc.subjectCAREGIVERS
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT RATES
dc.subjectREPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
dc.subjectYOUNG ADULTHOOD
dc.subjectWORKFORCE
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectQUALITY OF SERVICES
dc.subjectWORKING-AGE POPULATION
dc.subjectDEPENDENT CHILDREN
dc.subjectOPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN
dc.subjectFIRST CHILD
dc.subjectHIGH DEATH RATES
dc.subjectFAMILY SUPPORT
dc.subjectHIGH BIRTH RATE
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE
dc.subjectWOMEN OF CHILDBEARING AGE
dc.subjectREPLACEMENT LEVEL
dc.subjectFERTILITY PATTERNS
dc.subjectACCESS TO CONTRACEPTIVES
dc.subjectHEALTH CARE
dc.subjectIMMIGRANTS
dc.subjectGENDER EQUITY
dc.subjectGENDER PARITY
dc.subjectDEMOGRAPHIC POLICIES
dc.subjectNATIONAL GOVERNMENTS
dc.subjectCHILD BIRTH
dc.subjectYOUNG MOTHERS
dc.subjectFERTILITY TRENDS
dc.subjectFUTURE GENERATIONS
dc.subjectVULNERABILITY
dc.subjectPOPULATION SIZE
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT SUPPORT
dc.subjectPOPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectOLD-AGE
dc.subjectLONGER LIFE
dc.subjectPUBLIC HEALTH
dc.subjectEFFECTIVE POLICIES
dc.subjectLIFE EXPECTANCY
dc.subjectDEMOGRAPHERS
dc.subjectPUBLIC POLICY
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET
dc.subjectMATERNITY LEAVE
dc.subjectFAMILY POLICIES
dc.subjectDECENT HEALTH CARE
dc.subjectNEWBORNS
dc.subjectGENDER GAP
dc.subjectTRAINING
dc.subjectGENDER STEREOTYPES
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
dc.subjectPOPULATION GROWTH
dc.subjectPOPULATION DIVISION
dc.subjectFERTILITY RATES
dc.subjectFAMILY SIZE
dc.subjectBABY
dc.subjectIDEAL NUMBER OF CHILDREN
dc.subjectDEMOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
dc.subjectSECONDARY SCHOOL
dc.subjectCITIZEN
dc.subjectFERTILITY RATE
dc.subjectBIRTH RATES
dc.subjectMIGRATION
dc.subjectEMERGENCIES
dc.subjectCHILDBEARING AGE
dc.subjectADOPTION
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD INCOME
dc.subjectGENDER INEQUALITIES
dc.subjectMEDICAL CARE
dc.subjectMARRIAGE
dc.subjectSOCIAL SECURITY
dc.subjectLARGER FAMILIES
dc.subjectDEPENDENCY RATIOS
dc.subjectPRIMARY SCHOOL
dc.subjectSUPPORT TO FAMILIES
dc.subjectGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
dc.subjectCHILD CARE
dc.subjectHEALTH CARE SYSTEM
dc.subjectELDERLY
dc.subjectWORKING MOTHERS
dc.subjectEDUCATED WOMEN
dc.subjectINFORMATION CAMPAIGNS
dc.subjectMARKET ECONOMY
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectEDUCATED MOTHERS
dc.subjectCHILDBIRTH
dc.subjectDEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION
dc.subjectHUMAN CAPITAL
dc.subjectINFANT
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT OF WOMEN
dc.subjectYOUNG ADULTS
dc.subjectPOLICIES
dc.subjectCONTRACEPTIVES
dc.subjectIMMIGRATION POLICY
dc.subjectWOMAN
dc.subjectPENSIONS
dc.subjectSINGLE CHILD
dc.subjectMARRIED COUPLES
dc.subjectSOCIAL POLICY
dc.subjectREPRODUCTIVE INTENTIONS
dc.subjectLABOUR MARKET
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT OFFICES
dc.subjectWOMEN DURING PREGNANCY
dc.subjectSAFETY NET
dc.subjectPUBLIC AWARENESS
dc.subjectIMPACTS OF POPULATION
dc.subjectREPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOR
dc.subjectFEWER CHILDREN
dc.subjectGLOBAL POPULATION
dc.subjectEARLY CHILDHOOD
dc.subjectREGIONAL INITIATIVES
dc.subjectENHANCING WOMEN
dc.subjectPOPULATION RESEARCH
dc.subjectPOPULATION CONFERENCE
dc.subjectIMPACT ON FERTILITY
dc.subjectPOPULATIONS
dc.subjectMOTHER
dc.subjectYOUNG CHILDREN
dc.subjectCHILDBEARING
dc.subjectPOLICY
dc.subjectOLDER WOMEN
dc.subjectREPRODUCTIVE AGE
dc.subjectLARGE FAMILIES
dc.subjectSOCIAL POLICIES
dc.subjectSMALLER FAMILIES
dc.subjectNUMBER OF WOMEN
dc.subjectCHILDREN PER WOMAN
dc.subjectSEX
dc.subjectFIRST BIRTH
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT POLICIES
dc.subjectMODERN CONTRACEPTIVES
dc.subjectPREGNANT WOMEN
dc.subjectPARTICIPATION OF WOMEN
dc.subjectWORKING CONDITIONS
dc.subjectWAR
dc.subjectTRAINING OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectPARENTAL LEAVE
dc.subjectNUMBER OF BIRTHS
dc.subjectRURAL AREAS
dc.subjectNUMBER OF CHILDREN
dc.subjectFEMALE LABOR FORCE
dc.subjectILLNESS
dc.subjectIMMIGRATION
dc.subjectNUMBER OF ABORTIONS
dc.subjectNUMBER OF DEATHS
dc.subjectLOWER FERTILITY
dc.subjectNATIONAL COUNCIL
dc.subjectPOPULATION
dc.subjectDEATH RATES
dc.subjectMARITAL STATUS
dc.subjectFAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES
dc.subjectLIVING CONDITIONS
dc.subjectMARRIED WOMEN
dc.subjectLOW FERTILITY
dc.subjectFERTILITY
dc.subjectWOMEN
dc.subjectNEWBORN
dc.subjectFERTILITY DECLINE
dc.subjectDEMOGRAPHIC POLICY
dc.subjectPREGNANCY
dc.subjectFIRST BIRTHS
dc.subjectABORTION
dc.subjectDECLINE IN FERTILITY
dc.subjectNUMBER OF CHILDREN PER WOMAN
dc.titleFamily Policies in Russiaen
dc.title.subtitleCould Efforts to Raise Fertility Rates Slow Population Aging?en
dc.typeWorking Paperen
dc.typeDocument de travailfr
dc.typeDocumento de trabajoes
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crosscuttingsolutionareaGender
okr.date.disclosure2015-09-14
okr.date.doiregistration2025-05-07T10:07:43.082382Z
okr.doctypeEconomic & Sector Work
okr.doctypeEconomic & Sector Work::Other Social Protection Study
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/09/25045632/
okr.globalpracticeHealth, Nutrition, and Population
okr.guid892801468196750951
okr.guid257131468000013801
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum090224b0830d9766_1_0
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum25045632
okr.identifier.report99503
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2015/09/14/090224b0830d9766/1_0/Rendered/PDF/Family0policie0ow0population0aging0.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeEurope and Central Asia
okr.region.countryRussian Federation
okr.sectorPublic Administration, Law, and Justice :: Compulsory pension and unemployment insurance
okr.sectorEducation
okr.sectorHealth and other social services :: Other social services
okr.themeSocial protection and risk management :: Social safety nets
okr.themeSocial protection and risk management :: Other social protection and risk management
okr.themeHuman development :: Education for the knowledge economy
okr.themeHuman development :: Population and reproductive health
okr.topicGender::Gender and Health
okr.topicGender::Gender and Law
okr.topicHealth, Nutrition and Population::Population & Development
okr.topicHealth, Nutrition and Population::Population Policies
okr.topicHealth, Nutrition and Population::Reproductive Health
okr.unitSocial Protect Labor - GP (GSPDR)
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