Publication: Angola Country Climate and Development Report
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Date
2022
ISSN
Published
2022
Author(s)
World Bank Group
Abstract
Climate change is already affecting
people’s lives and livelihoods in Angola, as well as the
Angolan economy. The country is experiencing increasingly
severe and frequent climate hazards, including the South’s
worst prolonged droughts in decades. Climate change impacts
also come with a heavy price tag: climate-related disasters
(floods, storms, droughts) cost Angola nearly US1.2 billion
dollars between 2005 and 2017, and on average droughts alone
affect about a million Angolans every year. Impacts of
climate variability on Angola’s water resources are expected
to be particularly severe and will affect food and energy
production, as well as hydropower, on which Angola relies
for most of its electricity. The future does not look much
brighter: climate models predict a rise in temperatures,
with most of Angola becoming 1–1.5 degree Celsius warmer in
2020-2040 relative to the 1981–2010 period, with a
1.4-degree Celsius increase in the annual average
temperature already recorded. The imperative to adapt and
transition to a proactive model for climate risk management
is urgent. Against this backdrop, and the equally urgent
priority to diversify away from a highly oil-based economy,
the Angola Country Climate and Development Report (CCDR)
provides options for the country to adapt to a fast-warming
and decarbonizing world and adopt measures for more
diversified and climate-resilient development that will
underpin sustainable and inclusive growth. Angola has
significant renewable capital, including agricultural land,
forests, water resources, and, above all, its people, who
can facilitate this process. But climate change also
threatens these renewable assets, and necessary investments
in climate resilience will be critical to realize their
potential. This report identifies five pathways to achieve a
vision of a future Angolan economy that is both diversified
and climate-resilient, with opportunities for all. Tailored
to the national context, these approaches were identified in
dialogue with the Government of Angola and build on national
development priorities. Angola is rich in natural capital,
not only oil, gas, and diamonds, but also abundant water
resources, renewable energy potential, and fertile arable
land. Therefore, to shift away from an economy driven by oil
and gas extraction and toward a sustainable and diversified
economy based on renewable natural capital, this CCDR
recommends investing in and building the resilience of key
sectors, notably 1) water resources, 2) agriculture and
fisheries, and 3) renewable energy. Delivering the vision of
a climate-resilient and diversified economy also entails 4)
enabling green and resilient cities with economic
opportunities for all Angolans; and leveraging Angola’s
young population by 5) boosting human capital, through
expanded, climate-resilient access to basic services and by
fostering a culture of climate preparedness.
Citation
“World Bank Group. 2022. Angola Country Climate and Development Report. CCDR Series;. © World Bank, Washington, DC. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/38361 License: CC BY-NC-ND.”