Publication:
Beyond Keynesianism : Global Infrastructure Investments in Times of Crisis

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dc.contributor.authorDoemeland, Doerte
dc.contributor.authorLin, Justin Yifu
dc.date.accessioned2012-03-19T17:28:35Z
dc.date.available2012-03-19T17:28:35Z
dc.date.issued2012-01-01
dc.description.abstractAs the world recovers only slowly from the 2008 financial crisis and Europe is facing a looming debt crisis, concerns have increased that the "new normal" -- a period of high unemployment, low returns on investment, high risks, and low growth -- may become protracted in advanced economies. If growth remains weak, unemployment rates and debt levels will be slow to recede. Consequently, the global recovery may continue to be fragile for years to come. What the world needs now is a growth-lifting strategy. This strategy could take the form of a global infrastructure initiative. Since debt levels are high, governments in the United States and Europe could increase demand and support growth through investments in bottleneck-releasing infrastructure projects that are self-financing. An infrastructure initiative should, however, go beyond the borders of advanced countries and include developing countries. Economic and social returns to infrastructure investments tend to be high in developing countries, which have become increasingly important drivers of global growth. At the same time, infrastructure investments require capital goods, most of which are produced in high-income countries. Scaling up infrastructure investment in developing countries could therefore help generate a virtuous cycle in support of a global recovery.en
dc.identifierhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20120110085008
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-5940
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/3225
dc.languageEnglish
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research working paper ; no. WPS 5940
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectACCOUNTING
dc.subjectACCOUNTING STANDARDS
dc.subjectACID RAIN
dc.subjectAGGLOMERATION ECONOMIES
dc.subjectAIRPORTS
dc.subjectBALANCE SHEET
dc.subjectBALANCE SHEETS
dc.subjectBANK GUARANTEE
dc.subjectBANK LOANS
dc.subjectBANKING CRISES
dc.subjectBOND
dc.subjectBOND ISSUANCES
dc.subjectBOND MARKETS
dc.subjectBOTTLENECKS
dc.subjectBRIDGE
dc.subjectBUDGET CONSTRAINT
dc.subjectBUDGET CONSTRAINTS
dc.subjectBUDGETARY FRAMEWORK
dc.subjectBUSINESS CYCLE
dc.subjectCAPITAL FLOWS
dc.subjectCAPITAL FORMATION
dc.subjectCAPITAL MARKETS
dc.subjectCAPITAL STOCK
dc.subjectCARBON EMISSIONS
dc.subjectCONTINGENT LIABILITIES
dc.subjectCOUNTRY RISK
dc.subjectCOUNTRY RISKS
dc.subjectCREDIT SPREADS
dc.subjectCREDITOR
dc.subjectCREDITORS
dc.subjectCREDITWORTHINESS
dc.subjectDEBT
dc.subjectDEBT BURDEN
dc.subjectDEBT CRISIS
dc.subjectDEBT LEVELS
dc.subjectDEBT SERVICE
dc.subjectDECENTRALIZATION
dc.subjectDEFAULT RISK
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT BANK
dc.subjectDISBURSEMENTS
dc.subjectDOMESTIC CAPITAL
dc.subjectDOMESTIC CAPITAL MARKET
dc.subjectDOMESTIC CAPITAL MARKETS
dc.subjectDOMESTIC CURRENCY
dc.subjectDRIVERS
dc.subjectECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIES OF SCALE
dc.subjectELASTICITY
dc.subjectEMERGING ECONOMIES
dc.subjectEMERGING MARKET
dc.subjectEMERGING MARKET ECONOMIES
dc.subjectEMERGING MARKETS
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL COSTS
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGES
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
dc.subjectEQUITY FUND
dc.subjectEXCHANGE RATE
dc.subjectEXPENDITURE
dc.subjectEXPENDITURES
dc.subjectEXPORTERS
dc.subjectEXTERNAL BORROWING
dc.subjectFINANCE INFRASTRUCTURE
dc.subjectFINANCES
dc.subjectFINANCIAL ASSETS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL CRISIS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL STABILITY
dc.subjectFINANCIAL STRESS
dc.subjectFISCAL POLICY
dc.subjectFORECLOSURES
dc.subjectFOREIGN CURRENCY
dc.subjectFOREIGN INVESTMENTS
dc.subjectFOSSIL FUEL
dc.subjectFOSSIL FUEL ENERGY
dc.subjectFUEL
dc.subjectGLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE
dc.subjectGLOBAL MARKETS
dc.subjectGLOBAL TRADE
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT BONDS
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT BUDGETS
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT DEBT
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT GUARANTEES
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT SPENDING
dc.subjectHIGH TRANSPORT
dc.subjectHIGHWAY
dc.subjectHIGHWAY ACT
dc.subjectHIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION
dc.subjectHIGHWAYS
dc.subjectHOST COUNTRIES
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD INCOMES
dc.subjectHUMAN CAPITAL
dc.subjectINCOME LEVELS
dc.subjectINFLATION
dc.subjectINFLATION RATES
dc.subjectINFLATIONARY EXPECTATIONS
dc.subjectINFRASTRUCTURE BONDS
dc.subjectINFRASTRUCTURE COSTS
dc.subjectINFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectINFRASTRUCTURE FINANCE
dc.subjectINFRASTRUCTURE FINANCING
dc.subjectINFRASTRUCTURE FUNDING
dc.subjectINFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT
dc.subjectINFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS
dc.subjectINFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS
dc.subjectINSTITUTIONAL INVESTOR
dc.subjectINSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS
dc.subjectINSURANCE
dc.subjectINSURANCE COMPANIES
dc.subjectINTEREST RATE
dc.subjectINTEREST RATES
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL BANK
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL BOND
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKETS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL INVESTORS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL ROAD FEDERATION
dc.subjectINTERSTATE HIGHWAY SYSTEM
dc.subjectINVESTING
dc.subjectINVESTMENT HORIZON
dc.subjectINVESTMENT IN ROADS
dc.subjectINVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectINVESTMENT RISKS
dc.subjectINVESTMENT SPENDING
dc.subjectINVESTMENT STRATEGY
dc.subjectINVESTOR BASE
dc.subjectISSUANCES
dc.subjectLAND TRANSPORT
dc.subjectLEGAL FRAMEWORK
dc.subjectLIABILITY
dc.subjectLIQUID ASSETS
dc.subjectLIQUIDITY
dc.subjectLOAN
dc.subjectLOAN GUARANTEES
dc.subjectLOCAL BANKS
dc.subjectLOCAL ECONOMY
dc.subjectLOCAL GOVERNMENTS
dc.subjectLONG-TERM INVESTMENTS
dc.subjectLONG-TERM INVESTORS
dc.subjectMACROECONOMIC POLICIES
dc.subjectMACROECONOMIC POLICY
dc.subjectMACROECONOMIC STABILITY
dc.subjectMARKET SHARE
dc.subjectMASS TRANSIT
dc.subjectMONETARY POLICY
dc.subjectMULTILATERAL LENDERS
dc.subjectNATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE
dc.subjectNATURAL DISASTERS
dc.subjectPENSION
dc.subjectPENSION FUNDS
dc.subjectPOLICY RESPONSE
dc.subjectPOLITICAL RISK
dc.subjectPOPULATION DENSITY
dc.subjectPORT FACILITIES
dc.subjectPORTFOLIO
dc.subjectPORTFOLIOS
dc.subjectPRIVATE CAPITAL
dc.subjectPRIVATE EQUITY
dc.subjectPRIVATE FINANCE
dc.subjectPRIVATE FINANCING
dc.subjectPRIVATE INVESTMENT
dc.subjectPRIVATE INVESTMENTS
dc.subjectPRIVATE INVESTOR
dc.subjectPRIVATE INVESTORS
dc.subjectPRIVATE PARTIES
dc.subjectPUBLIC BANKS
dc.subjectPUBLIC DEBT
dc.subjectPUBLIC FUNDS
dc.subjectPUBLIC INVESTMENT
dc.subjectPUBLIC PARTNERSHIPS
dc.subjectPUBLIC SAVING
dc.subjectPUBLIC TRANSPORTATION
dc.subjectPUBLIC WORKS
dc.subjectRAILWAYS
dc.subjectRATES OF RETURN
dc.subjectREGULATORY FRAMEWORK
dc.subjectREGULATORY FRAMEWORKS
dc.subjectREINVESTMENT
dc.subjectREPAYMENT
dc.subjectREPAYMENTS
dc.subjectRETURN
dc.subjectRETURNS
dc.subjectRETURNS ON EQUITY
dc.subjectRISK AVERSION
dc.subjectRISK OF DEFAULT
dc.subjectROAD
dc.subjectROAD IMPROVEMENTS
dc.subjectROAD MAINTENANCE
dc.subjectROAD SYSTEM
dc.subjectROADS
dc.subjectRURAL ROADS
dc.subjectRURAL TRANSPORT
dc.subjectSANITATION
dc.subjectSECONDARY MARKET
dc.subjectSECONDARY MARKET ACTIVITY
dc.subjectSHORT MATURITIES
dc.subjectSHORT-TERM INSTRUMENTS
dc.subjectSOCIAL CAPITAL
dc.subjectSOVEREIGN DEBT
dc.subjectSOVEREIGN DEFAULT
dc.subjectSTOCK MARKETS
dc.subjectSTOCKS
dc.subjectTAX
dc.subjectTAX COLLECTION
dc.subjectTELECOMMUNICATIONS
dc.subjectTRADE BALANCE
dc.subjectTRADING
dc.subjectTRANSACTION
dc.subjectTRANSACTION COSTS
dc.subjectTRANSIT SYSTEMS
dc.subjectTRANSPORT COSTS
dc.subjectTRANSPORTATION
dc.subjectTRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT
dc.subjectTRIP
dc.subjectTRUCKS
dc.subjectTRUE
dc.subjectVEHICLE
dc.subjectWATER POLLUTION
dc.subjectWEALTH
dc.subjectYIELD CURVE
dc.titleBeyond Keynesianism : Global Infrastructure Investments in Times of Crisisen
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crossref.titleBeyond Keynesianism: Global Infrastructure Investments in Times of Crisis
okr.date.disclosure2012-01-01
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-10T11:04:45.852878Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Policy Research Working Paper
okr.docurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20120110085008
okr.globalpracticeTransport and ICT
okr.guid826101468336652429
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-5940
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000158349_20120110085008
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum15619327
okr.identifier.reportWPS5940
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2012/01/10/000158349_20120110085008/Rendered/PDF/WPS5940.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeThe World Region
okr.region.administrativeThe World Region
okr.topicTransport
okr.unitDevelopment Research Group (DECRG)
okr.volume1 of 1
relation.isAuthorOfPublication6f9860c3-5c17-54f1-92fb-9f5055cc0038
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery6f9860c3-5c17-54f1-92fb-9f5055cc0038
relation.isSeriesOfPublication26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
relation.isSeriesOfPublication.latestForDiscovery26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
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