Publication:
Are Pakistan's Women Entrepreneurs Being Served by the Microfinance Sector?

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dc.contributor.authorSafavian, Mehnaz
dc.contributor.authorHaq, Aban
dc.date.accessioned2013-09-30T19:14:55Z
dc.date.available2013-09-30T19:14:55Z
dc.date.issued2013-08
dc.description.abstractFostering the entrepreneurship of women is important for Pakistan's economic growth and inclusion agenda, and access to financial services is an important component of starting and growing a business for women entrepreneurs. Most women?owned businesses are small, household?based cottage industries; microfinance products should be a natural source of start?up and working capital finance for this clientele. Microfinance portfolio data suggest that although Pakistan's sector has shown improvement in reaching women, it still lags its regional peers, only 59 percent of microfinance clients are women. The original purpose of this work was to determine whether women entrepreneurs have access to, and are using, microfinance loans as a source of finance for their businesses. However, the findings of the report go beyond the narrow objective of understanding whether microfinance institutions (MFIs) are reaching Pakistan's businesswomen. As the research unfolded, the evidence suggested that not only are women entrepreneurs not being served, but also that the outreach to women in general is potentially more limited than previously assumed and that the issues of consumer protection and responsible lending practices in Pakistan might merit further exploration. The report raises and addresses two distinct issues. First, some evidence suggests that women are often not the final users of loans, but rather are conduits to male household members. The report documents findings that suggest that the practice of passing on loans to male household members is potentially quite widespread; women may be bearing all the transaction costs and risks of accessing loans, but are not the final beneficiaries. Second, a very low proportion of female microfinance clients are entrepreneurs. The report explores why businesswomen in Pakistan may not be using microfinance products to meet their startup and working capital requirements, in spite of identifying access to finance as a key constraint to their business operations. The report focuses on products, services, policies, and other elements of the business model of microfinance in Pakistan that affect both demand for and access to microfinance by women borrowers, some of whom fall into the narrower category of entrepreneurs.en
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/978-0-8213-9833-3
dc.identifier.isbn978-0-8213-9833-3
dc.identifier.other10.1596/978-0-8213-9833-3
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/15929
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWashington, DC: World Bank
dc.relation.ispartofseriesDirections in Development--Finance;
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo
dc.subjectaccess to banking
dc.subjectaccess to banking services
dc.subjectaccess to credit
dc.subjectaccess to finance
dc.subjectaccess to financial services
dc.subjectaccess to funds
dc.subjectaccess to information
dc.subjectaccess to loans
dc.subjectaffordable financial services
dc.subjectATM cards
dc.subjectbank account
dc.subjectbank accounts
dc.subjectbank branch
dc.subjectBanking Regulations
dc.subjectbanking sector
dc.subjectbanks
dc.subjectbeneficiaries
dc.subjectbeneficiary
dc.subjectbenefit payment
dc.subjectborrower
dc.subjectborrowing
dc.subjectborrowings
dc.subjectbusiness activities
dc.subjectbusiness development
dc.subjectbusiness development service
dc.subjectbusiness development services
dc.subjectbusiness failure
dc.subjectBusiness Incubation
dc.subjectbusiness management
dc.subjectbusiness opportunities
dc.subjectBusiness risk
dc.subjectbusiness support
dc.subjectbusiness training
dc.subjectbusinesswomen
dc.subjectcapital finance
dc.subjectcapital requirements
dc.subjectcash flow
dc.subjectCC
dc.subjectCenter for Women
dc.subjectChallenges for Women
dc.subjectchecks
dc.subjectcollateral
dc.subjectcommercial banks
dc.subjectCommunity Development
dc.subjectconsumer protection
dc.subjectCooperative Development
dc.subjectcredit discipline
dc.subjectcredit histories
dc.subjectcredit information
dc.subjectcredit information bureau
dc.subjectcredit information bureaus
dc.subjectcredit officer
dc.subjectcredit product
dc.subjectcredit products
dc.subjectcredit risks
dc.subjectcredit transactions
dc.subjectcurrent accounts
dc.subjectdated checks
dc.subjectdeceptive practices
dc.subjectdefaults
dc.subjectdeposit
dc.subjectdeposits
dc.subjectDeveloping Countries
dc.subjectdisbursement
dc.subjectdisbursements
dc.subjectdiscrimination
dc.subjectdiscriminatory practices
dc.subjectdocumentation requirements
dc.subjecteconomic activities
dc.subjecteconomic activity
dc.subjectEconomic Development
dc.subjecteconomic growth
dc.subjectemployee
dc.subjectemployers
dc.subjectEmpowerment
dc.subjectEnterprise Development
dc.subjectentrepreneur
dc.subjectentrepreneurship development
dc.subjectExchange rate
dc.subjectexclusion of women
dc.subjectfamilies
dc.subjectfemale borrowers
dc.subjectfemale clients
dc.subjectFemale Entrepreneurs
dc.subjectfemale entrepreneurship
dc.subjectfemale population
dc.subjectfinancial access
dc.subjectfinancial exclusion
dc.subjectfinancial literacy
dc.subjectfinancial needs
dc.subjectfinancial outreach
dc.subjectFinancial Products
dc.subjectfinancial service
dc.subjectfinancial service providers
dc.subjectfirst loans
dc.subjectformal loan
dc.subjectfunding sources
dc.subjectGender
dc.subjectgender divide
dc.subjectgroup lending
dc.subjectgroup lending programs
dc.subjectgroup loans
dc.subjectguarantor
dc.subjectguarantor requirement
dc.subjectguarantor requirements
dc.subjectguarantors
dc.subjecthousehold investment
dc.subjecthouseholds
dc.subjecthuman capital
dc.subjecthusband
dc.subjecthusbands
dc.subjectindividual loan
dc.subjectIndividual Loans
dc.subjectinequalities
dc.subjectinequality
dc.subjectinflation
dc.subjectinformal economy
dc.subjectInformal Saving
dc.subjectinformal savings
dc.subjectinstallment
dc.subjectinstallments
dc.subjectinsurance policies
dc.subjectInsurance Product
dc.subjectinsurance products
dc.subjectinsurance services
dc.subjectInterest payment
dc.subjectInternational Bank
dc.subjectInternational Development
dc.subjectInternational Finance
dc.subjectInvesting
dc.subjectKey Challenges
dc.subjectLabor Force Survey
dc.subjectlack of access
dc.subjectlack of credit
dc.subjectlack of information
dc.subjectlenders
dc.subjectlife insurance
dc.subjectLoan
dc.subjectloan amount
dc.subjectloan application
dc.subjectloan officers
dc.subjectLoan payments
dc.subjectLoan Portfolio
dc.subjectloan products
dc.subjectloan size
dc.subjectloan sizes
dc.subjectloans for women
dc.subjectloans for women entrepreneurs
dc.subjectloans from family
dc.subjectloans to individual
dc.subjectloans to women
dc.subjectmarket data
dc.subjectmarket segmentation
dc.subjectmarketing strategies
dc.subjectmarried women
dc.subjectMFI
dc.subjectMFIs
dc.subjectMicro Credit
dc.subjectMicrocredit
dc.subjectMicrofinance
dc.subjectmicrofinance institution
dc.subjectmicrofinance institutions
dc.subjectMicrofinance Lending
dc.subjectMicrofinance Loan
dc.subjectmicrofinance loans
dc.subjectMicrofinance Sector
dc.subjectmicroinsurance
dc.subjectminimum balance
dc.subjectmobile phones
dc.subjectnew business
dc.subjectnew businesses
dc.subjectNominal interest rates
dc.subjectNominal Yield
dc.subjectopportunity costs
dc.subjectOutreach
dc.subjectOutstanding loans
dc.subjectOwnership Structure
dc.subjectpermanent residents
dc.subjectPersonal guarantee
dc.subjectpersonal guarantees
dc.subjectpersonal savings
dc.subjectPolicy Environment
dc.subjectportfolio quality
dc.subjectportfolios
dc.subjectprofit margins
dc.subjectprofitable business
dc.subjectpromissory notes
dc.subjectrates of return
dc.subjectreal interest
dc.subjectreal interest rates
dc.subjectrepayment
dc.subjectrepayment capacity
dc.subjectrepayments
dc.subjectreturns
dc.subjectRural Credit
dc.subjectSavings
dc.subjectsavings accounts
dc.subjectsavings groups
dc.subjectsavings products
dc.subjectsmall business
dc.subjectsmall businesses
dc.subjectsmall loan
dc.subjectsmall loans
dc.subjectsmall savers
dc.subjectsocial barriers
dc.subjectsources of funds
dc.subjectstartup capital
dc.subjectState Bank
dc.subjectsupply of credit
dc.subjectTax
dc.subjecttransaction
dc.subjecttransaction costs
dc.subjecttransparency
dc.subjecturban areas
dc.subjectwithdrawal
dc.subjectwoman
dc.subjectwomen borrowers
dc.subjectWomen Entrepreneurs
dc.subjectWomen Entrepreneurship
dc.subjectwomen loan officers
dc.subjectworking capital
dc.titleAre Pakistan's Women Entrepreneurs Being Served by the Microfinance Sector?en
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crossref.titleAre Pakistan's Women Entrepreneurs Being Served by the Microfinance Sector?
okr.date.disclosure2013-08-06
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-15T11:38:50.731771Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Publication
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.globalpracticeFinance and Markets
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/978-0-8213-9833-3
okr.language.supporteden
okr.region.countryPakistan
okr.region.geographicalSouth Asia
okr.sectorFinance :: Micro- and SME finance
okr.themeFinancial and private sector development :: Small and medium enterprise support
okr.themeFinancial and private sector development :: Other financial and private sector development
okr.themeSocial protection and risk management :: Other social protection and risk management
okr.themeSocial dev/gender/inclusion :: Gender
okr.topicFinance and Financial Sector Development::Access to Finance
okr.topicFinance and Financial Sector Development::Bankruptcy and Resolution of Financial Distress
okr.topicFinance and Financial Sector Development::Banks & Banking Reform
okr.topicFinance and Financial Sector Development::Debt Markets
okr.topicFinance and Financial Sector Development::Microfinance
okr.unitFinance & PSD Unit (SASFP)
relation.isSeriesOfPublication706db16a-e556-46f0-8283-1b4a4b88645c
relation.isSeriesOfPublication.latestForDiscovery706db16a-e556-46f0-8283-1b4a4b88645c
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