Publication:
Disaster Risk, Climate Change, and Poverty: Assessing the Global Exposure of Poor People to Floods and Droughts

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dc.contributor.authorWinsemius, Hessel C.
dc.contributor.authorJongman, Brenden
dc.contributor.authorVeldkamp, Ted I.E.
dc.contributor.authorHallegatte, Stephane
dc.contributor.authorBangalore, Mook
dc.contributor.authorWard, Philip J.
dc.date.accessioned2015-12-18T19:18:25Z
dc.date.available2015-12-18T19:18:25Z
dc.date.issued2015-11
dc.description.abstractPeople living in poverty are particularly vulnerable to shocks, including those caused by natural disasters such as floods and droughts. Previous studies in local contexts have shown that poor people are also often overrepresented in hazard-prone areas. However, systematic evidence across countries demonstrating this finding is lacking. This paper analyzes at the country level whether poor people are disproportionally exposed to floods and droughts, and how this exposure may change in a future climate. To this end, household survey data with spatial identifiers from 52 countries are combined with present-day and future flood and drought hazard maps. The paper defines and calculates a “poverty exposure bias” and finds support that poor people are often overexposed to droughts and urban floods. For floods, no such signal is found for rural households, suggesting that different mechanisms—such as land scarcity—are more important drivers in urban areas. The poverty exposure bias does not change significantly under future climate scenarios, although the absolute number of people potentially exposed to floods or droughts can increase or decrease significantly, depending on the scenario and the region. The study finds some evidence of regional patterns: in particular, many countries in Africa exhibit a positive poverty exposure bias for floods and droughts. For these hot spots, implementing risk-sensitive land-use and development policies that protect poor people should be a priority.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/11/25250857/disaster-risk-climate-change-poverty-assessing-global-exposure-poor-people-floods-droughts
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-7480
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/23437
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research Working Paper;No. 7480
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectFLOODING
dc.subjectPOOR PEOPLE
dc.subjectRISKS
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SIZE
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SURVEY
dc.subjectPOVERTY REDUCTION
dc.subjectPOVERTY LINE
dc.subjectIMPACT ON POVERTY
dc.subjectSTORM
dc.subjectSPATIAL SCALE
dc.subjectFLOOD PROTECTION
dc.subjectUNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectHYDROLOGIC CYCLE
dc.subjectTOPOGRAPHY
dc.subjectPOVERTY LEVELS
dc.subjectPOVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES
dc.subjectHAZARDOUS CONDITIONS
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectDISASTER‐RISK
dc.subjectDISCHARGE
dc.subjectHYDROLOGY
dc.subjectMONITORING
dc.subjectRESERVOIRS
dc.subjectHOUSING
dc.subjectDEATH
dc.subjectSURFACE WATER
dc.subjectLAND SCARCITY
dc.subjectNATIONAL POVERTY
dc.subjectPOOR PEOPLE
dc.subjectFLOOD PROTECTION
dc.subjectDISASTER
dc.subjectWETLAND AREAS
dc.subjectDAMAGES
dc.subjectINCOME GAP
dc.subjectGLOBAL POVERTY
dc.subjectQUALITY
dc.subjectMEASURES
dc.subjectDISASTER EVENTS
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD‐LEVEL DATA
dc.subjectEXTREME WEATHER
dc.subjectHURRICANES
dc.subjectLAND PRICES
dc.subjectSAFETY NETS
dc.subjectPOVERTY REDUCTION
dc.subjectSTREAM
dc.subjectRURAL POPULATIONS
dc.subjectCLIMATIC CONDITIONS
dc.subjectSAVINGS
dc.subjectRURAL HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectRESERVOIR
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectNATURAL DISASTER
dc.subjectDROUGHT CONDITIONS
dc.subjectWATER AVAILABILITY
dc.subjectSUBSISTENCE FARMERS
dc.subjectFLOODS
dc.subjectPLAINS
dc.subjectFLOODED
dc.subjectNATIONAL POVERTY
dc.subjectNATURAL HAZARD
dc.subjectTRANSFERS
dc.subjectNATURAL DISASTERS
dc.subjectWAVES
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD INCOME
dc.subjectPOVERTY MAPS
dc.subjectESTIMATES OF POVERTY
dc.subjectDISASTERS
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
dc.subjectINDICATORS
dc.subjectCLIMATE CHANGE
dc.subjectPRECIPITATION PATTERNS
dc.subjectCASE STUDIES
dc.subjectFARMERS
dc.subjectPRECIPITATION
dc.subjectRUNOFF
dc.subjectCLASSIFICATION
dc.subjectCOASTAL AREAS
dc.subjectIMPACT ON POVERTY
dc.subjectPOVERTY MAPS
dc.subjectPOVERTY DATA
dc.subjectDROUGHTS
dc.subjectNATURAL HAZARDS
dc.subjectSTUDIES
dc.subjectDISASTER REDUCTION
dc.subjectESTIMATES OF POVERTY
dc.subjectDISASTER RISK
dc.subjectCLIMATE CHANGE
dc.subjectDROUGHT
dc.subjectPOOR POLICY
dc.subjectIMPACT OF DISASTER
dc.subjectNATURAL HAZARD
dc.subjectNATIONAL SCALE
dc.subjectRURAL LEVEL
dc.subjectPOVERTY LINE
dc.subjectBANK
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
dc.subjectEXTREME EVENTS
dc.subjectPOOR COUNTRIES
dc.subjectFLOOD DAMAGE
dc.subjectCLIMATE
dc.subjectLAND SCARCITY
dc.subjectEL NINO
dc.subjectWETLAND ECOSYSTEMS
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SIZE
dc.subjectDAMAGE
dc.subjectNATURAL DISASTER
dc.subjectRURAL
dc.subjectSAMPLE SIZE
dc.subjectPONDS
dc.subjectDIKES
dc.subjectURBAN SETTINGS
dc.subjectFLOOD
dc.subjectFOOD
dc.subjectHUMAN DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectPOVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES
dc.subjectRURAL GAPS
dc.subjectDATA SETS
dc.subjectDEATH TOLL
dc.subjectTARGETING
dc.subjectPOVERTY INDICATORS
dc.subjectWATER AVAILABILITY
dc.subjectRURAL HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectRURAL AREAS
dc.subjectCLIMATIC CHANGE
dc.subjectLAKES
dc.subjectLAND
dc.subjectSUBSISTENCE FARMERS
dc.subjectECOSYSTEMS
dc.subjectFLOOD PLAINS
dc.subjectANALYSIS
dc.subjectUNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectFLOOD DAMAGES
dc.subjectCOAST
dc.subjectHURRICANE
dc.subjectOBSERVATIONS
dc.subjectRIVERINE
dc.subjectRISK
dc.subjectGROUNDWATER
dc.subjectMITIGATION
dc.subjectPOOR HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectARID REGIONS
dc.subjectHAZARDOUS CONDITIONS
dc.subjectSAMPLING
dc.subjectRURAL AREAS
dc.subjectPOVERTY
dc.subjectWETLAND
dc.subjectDROUGHT RISK
dc.subjectSOUTHERN OSCILLATION
dc.subjectCLIMATE CONDITIONS
dc.subjectESTIMATES OF POVERTY
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectRISK MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectPOOR
dc.subjectAGREEMENT
dc.subjectEXTREME WEATHER EVENTS
dc.subjectDISASTER RISK
dc.subjectRISK MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectNATIONAL‐SCALE
dc.subjectWEATHER EVENTS
dc.subjectSAFETY
dc.subjectLAND PRICES
dc.subjectWETLANDS
dc.subjectPOOR COUNTRIES
dc.subjectLAND‐USE
dc.subjectNATURAL HAZARDS
dc.subjectRECONSTRUCTION
dc.subjectNATURAL DISASTERS
dc.subjectHUMAN DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectINEQUALITY
dc.subjectRIVER
dc.subjectPOOR HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectFLOW REGIMES
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SURVEY
dc.titleDisaster Risk, Climate Change, and Povertyen
dc.title.subtitleAssessing the Global Exposure of Poor People to Floods and Droughtsen
dc.typeWorking Paperen
dc.typeDocument de travailfr
dc.typeDocumento de trabajoes
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crossref.titleDisaster Risk, Climate Change, and Poverty: Assessing the Global Exposure of Poor People to Floods and Droughts
okr.date.disclosure2015-11-09
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-10T10:32:00.545892Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Policy Research Working Paper
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/11/25250857/disaster-risk-climate-change-poverty-assessing-global-exposure-poor-people-floods-droughts
okr.guid965831468189531165
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-7480
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum090224b0831972af_1_0
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum25250857
okr.identifier.reportWPS7480
okr.importedtrue
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2015/11/05/090224b0831972af/1_0/Rendered/PDF/Disaster0risk000floods0and0droughts.pdfen
okr.topicEnvironment::Natural Disasters
okr.topicUrban Development::Hazard Risk Management
okr.topicEnvironment::Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases
okr.topicPoverty Reduction::Rural Poverty Reduction
okr.topicWater Resources::Wetlands
okr.unitWorld Bank Group’s Climate Change Cross-Cutting Solutions Area
relation.isAuthorOfPublication2fea2b63-4a74-5fbd-b964-71ef895df009
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery2fea2b63-4a74-5fbd-b964-71ef895df009
relation.isSeriesOfPublication26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
relation.isSeriesOfPublication.latestForDiscovery26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
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