Publication: Optimizing Investments in the Kyrgyz Republic’s HIV Response
Loading...
Date
2016
ISSN
Published
2016
Author(s)
Editor(s)
Abstract
This report summarizes the findings of an allocative efficiency analysis on the Kyrgyz Republic`s national HIV epidemic and response conducted in 2014-15. The report addresses core questions for resource allocation such ‘How can HIV funding be optimally allocated to the combination of HIV response interventions that will yield the highest impact?’ or ‘What level of investment is required to achieve national targets, if we allocate resources optimally?’. The report describes epidemiological and HIV financing trends as well as identifies sub-populations, which are most affected by the epidemic. Based on this information, the optimized mix of interventions for minimizing new HIV infections and deaths is identified using mathematical modelling techniques. Required investments into programs for key populations and antiretroviral treatment are established and translated into policy recommendations. The Kyrgyz Republic’s HIV epidemic is transitioning from an early concentrated epidemic among people who inject drugs (PWID) into an advanced concentrated HIV epidemic with continued transmission among PWID, but an increasing share of sexual transmission to female partners of PWID and among men who have sex with men (MSM). The Optima model projected that, with current spending, the estimated 1,000 annual new infections in 2014 will increase to 1,100, and estimated deaths from 400 in 2014 to 600 deaths per year on average, over 2015-20.
Link to Data Set
Citation
“World Bank. 2016. Optimizing Investments in the Kyrgyz Republic’s HIV Response. © World Bank. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/25377 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO.”
Associated URLs
Associated content
Other publications in this report series
Journal
Journal Volume
Journal Issue
Collections
Related items
Showing items related by metadata.
Publication Optimizing Investments in Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia’s HIV Response(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2015)This report summarizes the findings of an Allocative efficiency analysis on the Former Yugoslav Republic (FYR) of Macedonia `s national HIV epidemic and response conducted in 2014-15. The report addresses core questions for resource allocation such ‘How can HIV funding be optimally allocated to the combination of HIV response interventions that will yield the highest impact?’ or ‘What level of investment is required to achieve national targets, if we allocate resources optimally?’. The report describes epidemiological and HIV financing trends as well as identifies sub-populations, which are most affected by the epidemic. Based on this information, the optimized mix of interventions for minimizing new HIV infections and deaths is identified using mathematical modeling techniques. Required investments into programs for key populations and antiretroviral treatment are established and translated into policy recommendations. The FYR Macedonia experiences a low level, concentrated HIV epidemic. The small number of people currently living with HIV is attributable, in part, to an effective HIV response to date. There is increasing HIV prevalence among certain key population groups, particularly men who have sex with men (MSM) and male sex workers (MSW). This recent trend warrants early attention. MSM accounted for 64 percent of newly diagnosed people living with HIV in 2014. In that same year, programs specifically targeting MSM accounted for only 2.4 percent of HIV spending.Publication Optimizing Investments for a Sustainable and Efficient HIV Response in Senegal(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2016-12-01)The report summarizes the findings of an allocative efficiency analysis to support Senegal's national HIV response. Senegal has recently developed a National HIV Strategic Plan (NSP) (2014–17) and a Global Fund concept note (2015–17). The Government of Senegal would like to mobilize additional domestic and private resources for comprehensive HIV services to respond to the goals of the national HIV Strategic Plan. To assure that the resources that have been, or will be, mobilized are used in the most efficient way, and to determine the allocation of resources that brings the greatest health benefit, the Government requested the World Bank to conduct this allocative efficiency analysis, using the Optima mathematical model.Publication Optimizing Investments in Moldova’s HIV Response(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2015)This report summarizes the findings of an Allocative efficiency analysis on Moldova`s national HIV epidemic and response conducted in 2014-15. The report addresses core questions for resource allocation such ‘How can HIV funding be optimally allocated to the combination of HIV response interventions that will yield the highest impact?’ or ‘What level of investment is required to achieve national targets, if we allocate resources optimally?’. The report describes epidemiological and HIV financing trends as well as identifies sub-populations, which are most affected by the epidemic. Based on this information, the optimized mix of interventions for minimizing new HIV infections and deaths is identified using mathematical modeling techniques. Required investments into programs for key populations and antiretroviral treatment are established and translated into policy recommendations. Moldova continues to experience a concentrated HIV epidemic among people who inject drugs (PWID), men who have sex with men (MSM), female sex workers (FSW), and their clients and their sexual partners in the general population. The HIV epidemic is more severe on the left bank of the Nistru River, where coverage of prevention programs is lower. The country could increase the impact of its HIV response by increasing investment from US$8.7 million to US$14.2 million. Optimally allocating resources will result in a 36 percent decrease in incidence and a 48 percent decrease in HIV-related deaths.Publication Optimizing Investments in Belarus for the National HIV Response(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2016-05-01)This report summarizes the findings of an allocative efficiency analysis on Belarus` national HIV epidemic and response conducted in 2014-15. The report addresses core questions for resource allocation such "How can HIV funding be optimally allocated to the combination of HIV response interventions that will yield the highest impact?" or "What level of investment is required to achieve national targets, if we allocate resources optimally?". The report describes epidemiological and HIV financing trends as well as identifies sub-populations, which are most affected by the epidemic. Based on this information, the optimized mix of interventions for minimizing new HIV infections and deaths is identified using mathematical modelling techniques. Belarus could increase the impact of its HIV program by reallocating funds to high-impact programs. It could enhance this impact by increasing the total funding available to the HIV response so that high-impact programs could be scaled up further. With optimized allocations of the same amount of funding available as in 2013 (US$19.7 million), over 2015–20, new HIV infections could be reduced by 7 percent and deaths by 25 percent. Doubling the investment in high-impact programs would require 148 percent of total 2013 spending (US$29.5 million). Compared to 2013 allocations, over 2015–20, the 148 percent investment would achieve a remarkable reduction in new infections by 43 percent and in deaths by 51 percent.Publication Optimizing Investments in Belarus' Tuberculosis Response(Washington, DC, 2017-06-27)This report summarizes the findings of an allocative efficiency study of Belarus’ Tuberculosis (TB) response, which was conducted using the Optima-TB model in 2016-17. Epidemic projections made in the Optima-TB model suggest that with the current level of TB spending (US$61.8 million in 2015) and the current allocation of resources to different TB response interventions, TB incidence, prevalence and deaths would continue to decline moderately in Belarus up to 2035, but 2020 national targets and global milestones as well as 2035 End-TB targets would be missed. Mathematical modelling analyses suggest that alternative program scale up scenarios and different service delivery modalities could improve outcomes of the TB response.
Users also downloaded
Showing related downloaded files
Publication World Development Report 2006(Washington, DC, 2005)This year’s Word Development Report (WDR), the twenty-eighth, looks at the role of equity in the development process. It defines equity in terms of two basic principles. The first is equal opportunities: that a person’s chances in life should be determined by his or her talents and efforts, rather than by pre-determined circumstances such as race, gender, social or family background. The second principle is the avoidance of extreme deprivation in outcomes, particularly in health, education and consumption levels. This principle thus includes the objective of poverty reduction. The report’s main message is that, in the long run, the pursuit of equity and the pursuit of economic prosperity are complementary. In addition to detailed chapters exploring these and related issues, the Report contains selected data from the World Development Indicators 2005‹an appendix of economic and social data for over 200 countries. This Report offers practical insights for policymakers, executives, scholars, and all those with an interest in economic development.Publication World Development Report 2011(World Bank, 2011)The 2011 World development report looks across disciplines and experiences drawn from around the world to offer some ideas and practical recommendations on how to move beyond conflict and fragility and secure development. The key messages are important for all countries-low, middle, and high income-as well as for regional and global institutions: first, institutional legitimacy is the key to stability. When state institutions do not adequately protect citizens, guard against corruption, or provide access to justice; when markets do not provide job opportunities; or when communities have lost social cohesion-the likelihood of violent conflict increases. Second, investing in citizen security, justice, and jobs is essential to reducing violence. But there are major structural gaps in our collective capabilities to support these areas. Third, confronting this challenge effectively means that institutions need to change. International agencies and partners from other countries must adapt procedures so they can respond with agility and speed, a longer-term perspective, and greater staying power. Fourth, need to adopt a layered approach. Some problems can be addressed at the country level, but others need to be addressed at a regional level, such as developing markets that integrate insecure areas and pooling resources for building capacity Fifth, in adopting these approaches, need to be aware that the global landscape is changing. Regional institutions and middle income countries are playing a larger role. This means should pay more attention to south-south and south-north exchanges, and to the recent transition experiences of middle income countries.Publication Doing Business 2014 : Understanding Regulations for Small and Medium-Size Enterprises(Washington, DC: World Bank Group, 2013-10-28)Eleventh in a series of annual reports comparing business regulation in 185 economies, Doing Business 2014 measures regulations affecting 11 areas of everyday business activity: Starting a business, Dealing with construction permits, Getting electricity, Registering property, Getting credit, Protecting investors, Paying taxes, Trading across borders, Enforcing contracts, Closing a business, Employing workers. The report updates all indicators as of June 1, 2013, ranks economies on their overall “ease of doing business”, and analyzes reforms to business regulation – identifying which economies are strengthening their business environment the most. The Doing Business reports illustrate how reforms in business regulations are being used to analyze economic outcomes for domestic entrepreneurs and for the wider economy. Doing Business is a flagship product by the World Bank and IFC that garners worldwide attention on regulatory barriers to entrepreneurship. More than 60 economies use the Doing Business indicators to shape reform agendas and monitor improvements on the ground. In addition, the Doing Business data has generated over 870 articles in peer-reviewed academic journals since its inception.Publication Sourcebook on the Foundations of Social Protection Delivery Systems(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2020-07-30)The Sourcebook synthesizes real-world experiences and lessons learned of social protection delivery systems from around the world, with a particular focus on social and labor benefits and services. It takes a practical approach, seeking to address concrete “how-to” questions, including: How do countries deliver social protection benefits and services? How do they do so effectively and efficiently? How do they ensure dynamic inclusion, especially for the most vulnerable and needy? How do they promote better coordination and integration—not only among social protection programs but also programs in other parts of government? How can they meet the needs of their intended populations and provide a better client experience? The Sourcebook structures itself around eight key principles that can frame the delivery systems mindset: (1) delivery systems evolve over time, do so in a non-linear fashion, and are affected by the starting point(s); (2) additional efforts should be made to “do simple well”, and to do so from the start rather than trying to remedy by after-the-fact adding-on of features or aspects; (3) quality implementation matters, and weaknesses in the design or structure of any core system element will negatively impact delivery; (4) defining the “first mile” for people interface greatly affects the system and overall delivery, and is most improved when that “first mile” is understood as the weakest link in delivery systems); (5) delivery systems do not operate in a vacuum and thus should not be developed in silos; (6) delivery systems can contribute more broadly to government’s ability to intervene in other sectors, such as health insurance subsidies, scholarships, social energy tariffs, housing benefits, and legal services; (7) there is no single blueprint for delivery systems, but there are commonalities and those common elements constitute the core of the delivery systems framework; (8) inclusion and coordination are pervasive and perennial dual challenges, and they contribute to the objectives of effectiveness and efficiency.Publication Classroom Assessment to Support Foundational Literacy(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2025-03-21)This document focuses primarily on how classroom assessment activities can measure students’ literacy skills as they progress along a learning trajectory towards reading fluently and with comprehension by the end of primary school grades. The document addresses considerations regarding the design and implementation of early grade reading classroom assessment, provides examples of assessment activities from a variety of countries and contexts, and discusses the importance of incorporating classroom assessment practices into teacher training and professional development opportunities for teachers. The structure of the document is as follows. The first section presents definitions and addresses basic questions on classroom assessment. Section 2 covers the intersection between assessment and early grade reading by discussing how learning assessment can measure early grade reading skills following the reading learning trajectory. Section 3 compares some of the most common early grade literacy assessment tools with respect to the early grade reading skills and developmental phases. Section 4 of the document addresses teacher training considerations in developing, scoring, and using early grade reading assessment. Additional issues in assessing reading skills in the classroom and using assessment results to improve teaching and learning are reviewed in section 5. Throughout the document, country cases are presented to demonstrate how assessment activities can be implemented in the classroom in different contexts.