Publication: School Health, Nutrition and HIV/AIDS Programming : Promising Practice in the Greater Mekong Sub-Region
Loading...
Published
2009-06
ISSN
Date
2013-03-13
Author(s)
Abstract
In low income countries, poor health and malnutrition are critical underlying factors for low school enrolment, absenteeism, poor classroom performance and dropout; all of which act as important constraints in countries efforts to achieve Education for All (EFA) and the education Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). In the Greater Mekong Sub-Region (GMSR), the education and health sectors have long recognized that school health and nutrition programs can address the basic health problems faced by their schoolchildren. More recently, life skills modules and HIV prevention education are being introduced to promote positive and healthy behaviors. The currently low levels of HIV infection in the GMSR make a focus on prevention all the more timely. The aim of this document is to share emerging promising practice in the field of school health and nutrition within the GMSR and to inform governments, development partners and other organizations that recognize the need to harmonize activities and align assistance. It aims to strengthen the network of school health, nutrition and HIV/AIDS Ministry of Education Focal Points and further the establishment of a sound community of good practice in the sub-region. The document includes descriptions a wide range of different activities from the six GMSR countries of Cambodia, China (Yunnan Province), Lao People's Democratic Republic (PDR), Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam.
Link to Data Set
Citation
“O'Connell, Tara; Bundy, Donald; Drake, Lesley; Baker, Simon; Abrioux, Emmanuelle. Bundy, Donald; O'Connell, Tara; Drake, Lesley; Baker, Simon; Abrioux, Emmanuelle, editors. 2009. School Health, Nutrition and HIV/AIDS Programming : Promising Practice in the Greater Mekong Sub-Region. © World Bank. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/12693 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO.”
Digital Object Identifier
Associated URLs
Associated content
Other publications in this report series
Journal
Journal Volume
Journal Issue
Collections
Related items
Showing items related by metadata.
Publication A Sourcebook of HIV/AIDS Prevention Programs : Education Sector-Wide Approaches(2008)This sourcebook aims to support efforts by countries to strengthen the role of the education sector in the prevention of HIV/AIDS. It was developed in response to numerous requests for a simple forum to help countries share their practical experiences of designing and implementing programs that are targeted at school-age children. The sourcebook seeks to fulfill this role by providing concise summaries of programs, using a standard format that highlights the main elements of the programs and makes it easier to compare the programs with each other. All the programs are summarized in section two, which allows those seeking advice on program design to browse through the various options and identify those that might reward further study. The full program reports for each country are given in section three. Each program report follows the same format, so the reader can more easily find those aspects of the program that are of specific interest. The consistent design also allows for ease of comparison between programs. There are four main sections within each full program report. Part A gives an overview of the program, describing the rationale, the aims and objectives, the target audience, the components, and the main approaches. Part B describes the process from the initial needs assessment, through the development of materials and training, to the practical details of implementation. There is an attempt made to estimate unit costs, but these should be seen only as indicative, because the number of beneficiaries is often uncertain and because costs in newly implemented programs may be artificially high. Part C provides an assessment and comprises lessons learned. This section begins with comments from implementers on the challenges faced and the lessons learned, followed in a few cases by a description of any formal evaluation of the program. The final part explores the extent to which the program complies with a set of benchmarks that, on the basis of expert opinion, contribute to an effective program. Part D gives details of the organizations involved with the program, including their contact information. It lists all the materials that are available to the reader, along with an order code number.Publication Strengthening the Education Sector Response to School Health, Nutrition and HIV/AIDS in the Caribbean Region : A Rapid Survey of 13 Countries(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2009-03)Recent studies point to a number of current and emerging concerns in the health and nutrition of school-age children in the Caribbean region. Critical among them are: infectious diseases including HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs); non-communicable diseases (NCDs); and violence. Common health conditions including diabetes, hypertension and heart disease in the adult population can be positively linked to unhealthy lifestyles in youth. These health challenges, combined with a large school-age population, which in some countries may be a sizable third of the overall population, make a strong national response to the health and nutritional needs of school-age children particularly vital. As lifelong patterns of behavior and thinking are established during youth, it is critical to ensure early and widespread promotion of healthy practices related to sexual behavior, nutrition and a healthy lifestyle in general in the school-age population, resulting in a healthier adult population in the future. The rapid survey and this resulting report contribute to the collection of locally relevant evidence, as well as regional information relevant to School Health and Nutrition (SHN) and HIV, to build a sound evidence base at both country and regional levels to inform policy and strategy. It has further application as a resource for knowledge sharing as it provides a comparative perspective on activities and initiatives thus far implemented throughout the Caribbean region, and on the allocation and mobilization of resources used to support these activities and initiatives.Publication Tuvalu : Early Childhood Development(Washington, DC, 2014-11-10)This report presents an analysis of the early childhood development (ECD) programs and policies which affect young children in Tuvalu and recommendations to move forward. It is part of a series of reports prepared by the World Bank using the systems approach for better education results (SABER)-ECD framework and includes analysis of early learning, health, nutrition, and social and child protection policies and interventions in Tuvalu, along with some regional and international comparisons.Publication SABER - School Health : Preliminary Assessment of School Health Policies in the Caribbean Community(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2012-03)This report presents the findings of the 2012 pilot assessment of the school health policies for the following Caribbean community (CARICOM) countries: Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, St. Lucia, Barbados, and St. Vincent and the Grenadines. The objective of this exercise is to help countries to identify the strengths and weaknesses in their school health policy frameworks, with the understanding that sound a policy framework is a critical component of effective school health programming. The result is a preliminary report on the status of development of the school health policy framework in the six countries. Section one gives introduction. Section two briefly discusses the importance of school health programs in contributing to education sector goals and the development of international consensus on the basic building blocks of effective school health programs. Section three discusses the conceptual framework of system assessment and benchmarking for education results (SABER) - school health, and introduces the components of the SABER - school health framework and scoring system. Section four provides the context for and objectives of this assessment as well the methodology used for data collection. Section five presents the results for the six countries: first by individual country and then as a comparative analysis across each of four policy domains.Publication Mauritius Early Childhood Development : SABER Country Report 2012(Washington, DC, 2012)This report presents an analysis of the early childhood development (ECD) programs and policies which affect young children in Mauritius. It is part of a series of reports prepared by the World Bank using the systems approach for better education results (SABER)-ECD framework and includes analysis of early learning, health, nutrition, and social and child protection policies and interventions in Mauritius, along with some regional and international comparisons. The Government of Mauritius (GoM) runs free public preschools, and gives cash transfers to private schools for every child enrolled. The GoM offers free public healthcare, including essential health and nutrition services for pregnant women and young children. While the GoM has implemented important ECD policies and programs, some aspects of the legal framework and systems to monitor and assure quality can be improved.
Users also downloaded
Showing related downloaded files
Publication Social Gains in the Balance : A Fiscal Policy Challenge for Latin America and the Caribbean(Washington, DC, 2014-02-24)In 2012, the Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region continued its successful drive to reduce poverty and build the middle class. The proportion of the region's 600 million people living in extreme poverty, defined in the region as life on less than $2.50 a day, was cut in half between 2003 and 2012 to 12.3 percent. Reflecting the upward mobility out of poverty, households vulnerable to falling back into poverty became the largest group in LAC in 2005, and represent almost 38 percent of the population. However, in the last two years, the share of vulnerable households has started to decline. The middle class, currently 34.3 percent of the population, is growing rapidly and is projected to replace the vulnerable as the largest economic group in LAC by 2016. The Southern Cone region (including Brazil) continued to be the most dynamic region and the main driver of poverty reduction in LAC, while poverty in Central America and Mexico proved more stubborn. About 68 percent of poverty reduction between 2003 and 2012 was driven by economic growth, with the remaining 32 percent arising from decline in inequality. Overall, equality of access to basic childhood goods and services has improved in recent years. Yet access can be further improved, and serious issues remain concerning the quality of those goods and services, particularly in education and housing infrastructure. Moreover, access increases with parental education and income or assets, reflecting low intergenerational mobility in many countries in the region. As with poverty reduction, most of the progress in equality of access since 2000 has come in the Southern Cone and the Andean regions, while many of Central America's countries managed only small improvements. There are also severe differences at the subnational level and between urban and rural areas, highlighting the need to strengthen the capacity of local governments to deliver high quality basic services to all their citizens.Publication Remarks to the G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors Meeting(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2020-11-20)World Bank Group President David Malpass said that while some countries are recovering, the pandemic is still taking a terrible toll, with poverty levels rising sharply. He highlighted on the health emergency response programs in one hundred twelve countries using a fast-track mechanism that is now able to access a further window of twelve billion in funding for vaccine purchases and delivery. He also mentioned that the World Bank is already at work in cooperation with WHO, UNICEF, the Global Fund and GAVI on rapid vaccine deployment readiness assessments for one hundred countries. He spoke about IFC working in coordination with CEPI to invest a further four billion in manufacturing and distribution of vaccines and products that support vaccination programs. He recognized that fragile conflict and violence (FCV) states are most in need, and World Bank's engagement with them. Under his Presidency, the World Bank Group has invested more in climate finance than at any time in its history. He mentioned that IDA is frontloading its financing to make more resources available for the poorest countries. He highlighted on an important step that the G20 call on DSSI beneficiary countries to commit to disclose all public sector financial commitments. The Development Committee that asked the Bank and the IMF to propose more actions to address the unsustainable debt burdens of low- and middle-income countries. He concluded that the fuller transparency is the only way to balance the interests of the people with the interests of those signing the debt and investment contracts.Publication World Bank East Asia and the Pacific Economic Update, October 2024: Jobs and Technology(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024-10-07)East Asia and the Pacific, seen in the context of the world economy, stands out as a paragon of development. Despite the recent ravages of the pandemic and the persistent tensions of geopolitics, the region is growing at stably high rates and the benefits are widely shared. But compared to its own past and potential, the region’s economic performance is less impressive. Growth is still below pre-pandemic rates, except in Indonesia, and output has not yet recovered to pre-pandemic levels in several countries, especially in the Pacific. This Economic Update highlights three key developments: shifting regional growth dynamics as China’s growth slows, changing trade patterns due to global tensions, and the impact of technologies such as robots, artificial intelligence, and digital platforms on jobs. The report calls for productivity-enhancing structural reforms to strengthen domestic growth drivers through; deeper international trade agreements to foster more open and stable trade regimes; deeper technical, digital, and soft skills while addressing impediments to labor mobility, factor price distortions and expanding social protection for workers in the digital informal economy to boost productivity and employment.Publication Digital Africa(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2023-03-13)All African countries need better and more jobs for their growing populations. "Digital Africa: Technological Transformation for Jobs" shows that broader use of productivity-enhancing, digital technologies by enterprises and households is imperative to generate such jobs, including for lower-skilled people. At the same time, it can support not only countries’ short-term objective of postpandemic economic recovery but also their vision of economic transformation with more inclusive growth. These outcomes are not automatic, however. Mobile internet availability has increased throughout the continent in recent years, but Africa’s uptake gap is the highest in the world. Areas with at least 3G mobile internet service now cover 84 percent of Africa’s population, but only 22 percent uses such services. And the average African business lags in the use of smartphones and computers as well as more sophisticated digital technologies that catalyze further productivity gains. Two issues explain the usage gap: affordability of these new technologies and willingness to use them. For the 40 percent of Africans below the extreme poverty line, mobile data plans alone would cost one-third of their incomes—in addition to the price of access devices, apps, and electricity. Data plans for small- and medium-size businesses are also more expensive than in other regions. Moreover, shortcomings in the quality of internet services—and in the supply of attractive, skills-appropriate apps that promote entrepreneurship and raise earnings—dampen people’s willingness to use them. For those countries already using these technologies, the development payoffs are significant. New empirical studies for this report add to the rapidly growing evidence that mobile internet availability directly raises enterprise productivity, increases jobs, and reduces poverty throughout Africa. To realize these and other benefits more widely, Africa’s countries must implement complementary and mutually reinforcing policies to strengthen both consumers’ ability to pay and willingness to use digital technologies. These interventions must prioritize productive use to generate large numbers of inclusive jobs in a region poised to benefit from a massive, youthful workforce—one projected to become the world’s largest by the end of this century.Publication South Asia Development Update, October 2024: Women, Jobs, and Growth(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024-10-10)South Asia’s growth is on track to exceed earlier expectations, in a broad-based upturn. The region is expected to remain the fastest-growing among emerging market and developing economies (EMDEs). Several risks could upend this generally promising outlook, including extreme weather events, social unrest, and policy missteps, such as reform delays. But South Asian countries also have considerable untapped potential that could help them further boost productivity growth and employment and adapt to climate change. In particular, with about two-thirds of the region’s working-age women out of the labor force, raising female employment rates to those of men could increase per capita income by as much as one-half. Measures to accelerate job creation, remove obstacles to women working, and equalize gender rights would be more effective if combined with a shift toward social norms that looked more favorably on working women. Also, most South Asian countries rank among the EMDEs least open to global trade and investment. Greater openness could boost women’s employment, spur the growth of firms, and allow the region to take better advantage of the reshaping of global supply chains and trade. Reducing the cost of conducting business could help the region better harness large-scale remittance inflows.