Publication:
Determinants of and Trends in Labor Force Participation of Women in Turkey

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dc.contributor.authorDayıoğlu, Meltem
dc.contributor.authorKırdar, Murat G.
dc.date.accessioned2017-08-15T19:12:59Z
dc.date.available2017-08-15T19:12:59Z
dc.date.issued2010-03
dc.description.abstractFemale labor force participation rate in Turkey is quite low by European Union (EU) and Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) standards: it was 24.9 percent in 2006, compared to 66.1 percent in EU-27 and 60.8 percent in OECD countries. Moreover, it has declined from 34.3 percent in 1988 to 24.9 percent in 2006. The purpose of this report is to shed light on factors that determine women's participation in the labor market and the reasons behind the observed trends over the 1988-2006 periods. An important reason for the fall in female participation rate is urbanization. Turkey has witnessed high levels migration from rural to urban areas since 1988. The share of urban population rose from 51.1 percent in 1988 to 63.3 percent in 2006. Despite the declining trend, the female labor force participation rate in rural areas is still higher than that in urban areas, which has been more stable over time. In fact, the gender gap in participation rate in urban areas is much wider. Significant improvements have taken in place in women's schooling in recent decades in Turkey. The final interesting finding that requires further investigation is the low and stagnant participation rates of low skilled women - those with less than high school education. Over the 2000-2006 periods, the participation rate of low skilled women varied between 10.9 and 11.8 percent. These are considerably lower rates compared to that of low skilled men which, over the same time period, varied between 67.1 and 68.8 percent.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/466591468316462301/Determinants-of-and-trends-in-labor-force-participation-of-women-in-Turkey
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/27853
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/27853
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Ankara
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo
dc.subjectAGE CATEGORIES
dc.subjectAGE COMPOSITION
dc.subjectAGE GROUP
dc.subjectAGE GROUPS
dc.subjectBASIC EDUCATION
dc.subjectBIRTH CONTROL
dc.subjectBUSINESS CYCLES
dc.subjectCHILD CARE
dc.subjectCLERICAL WORKERS
dc.subjectCOMPULSORY SCHOOLING
dc.subjectCROSS-SECTIONAL DATA
dc.subjectCURRENT LABOR FORCE
dc.subjectDAY CARE
dc.subjectDEMOGRAPHIC CHANGES
dc.subjectDEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS
dc.subjectDISCRIMINATION
dc.subjectDISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN
dc.subjectDIVORCE
dc.subjectDOWNWARD PRESSURE
dc.subjectEARLY RETIREMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC CONDITIONS
dc.subjectECONOMIC DOWNTURNS
dc.subjectEDUCATED MEN
dc.subjectEDUCATED WOMEN
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL LEVELS
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES
dc.subjectELDERLY
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT OF WOMEN
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT STATUS
dc.subjectFAMILY WORK
dc.subjectFEMALE EDUCATION
dc.subjectFEMALE EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectFEMALE LABOR
dc.subjectFEMALE LABOR FORCE
dc.subjectFEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION
dc.subjectFEMALE POPULATION
dc.subjectFEMALE WORKER
dc.subjectFEMALE WORKERS
dc.subjectFERTILITY
dc.subjectFERTILITY BEHAVIOR
dc.subjectFERTILITY RATES
dc.subjectFIRM SIZE
dc.subjectFIRST MARRIAGE
dc.subjectGENDER
dc.subjectGENDER GAP
dc.subjectHIGH SCHOOL DIPLOMA
dc.subjectHIGH SCHOOL EDUCATION
dc.subjectHIGHLY EDUCATED WOMEN
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD INCOME
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD WEALTH
dc.subjectILLITERATE WOMEN
dc.subjectINNOVATION
dc.subjectINTERNAL MIGRATION
dc.subjectJOBS
dc.subjectLABOR ECONOMICS
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION
dc.subjectLABOR LAW
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET INDICATORS
dc.subjectLABOR SUPPLY
dc.subjectLABORERS
dc.subjectLIVES OF WOMEN
dc.subjectLOWER FERTILITY
dc.subjectMALE COUNTERPARTS
dc.subjectMALE WORKERS
dc.subjectMARITAL STATUS
dc.subjectMARKET WAGES
dc.subjectMARRIED WOMEN
dc.subjectMATERNITY LEAVE
dc.subjectMIGRANT
dc.subjectMIGRANT WOMEN
dc.subjectMIGRANTS
dc.subjectMIGRATION
dc.subjectMINIMUM WAGE
dc.subjectMOTHER
dc.subjectNUMBER OF BIRTHS
dc.subjectNUMBER OF CHILDREN
dc.subjectNUMBER OF WOMEN
dc.subjectNUMBER OF WORKERS
dc.subjectOCCUPATIONS
dc.subjectOLD MEN
dc.subjectOLDER WOMEN
dc.subjectPAID MATERNITY
dc.subjectPARTICIPATION OF WOMEN
dc.subjectPARTICIPATION RATES
dc.subjectPARTICIPATIONS
dc.subjectPATERNITY LEAVE
dc.subjectPOPULATION TRENDS
dc.subjectPREVIOUS STUDIES
dc.subjectPRIMARY SCHOOL
dc.subjectPRIMARY SCHOOL EDUCATION
dc.subjectPRIMARY SCHOOL GRADUATES
dc.subjectPRIME AGE
dc.subjectPRODUCTION WORKERS
dc.subjectPROPORTION OF WOMEN
dc.subjectREGULAR EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectREGULAR WORKERS
dc.subjectREPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOR
dc.subjectRETIREMENT
dc.subjectRURAL AREAS
dc.subjectRURAL HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectRURAL LABOR
dc.subjectRURAL POPULATION
dc.subjectRURAL WOMEN
dc.subjectSAFETY
dc.subjectSCHOOLING
dc.subjectSCHOOLING ATTAINMENT
dc.subjectSCHOOLS
dc.subjectSECONDARY SCHOOL
dc.subjectSECONDARY SCHOOL EDUCATION
dc.subjectSEVERANCE PAYMENT
dc.subjectSEX
dc.subjectSEXUAL HARASSMENT
dc.subjectSINGLE WOMEN
dc.subjectSKILLED WOMEN
dc.subjectSOCIAL POLICY
dc.subjectSOCIAL SECURITY
dc.subjectSTATE PLANNING
dc.subjectSTATUS OF WOMEN
dc.subjectTEMPORARY EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE
dc.subjectUNIVERSITY EDUCATION
dc.subjectUNPAID FAMILY WORKERS
dc.subjectURBAN AREAS
dc.subjectURBAN POPULATION
dc.subjectURBAN WOMEN
dc.subjectURBANIZATION
dc.subjectVOCATIONAL SCHOOL
dc.subjectVOCATIONAL TRAINING
dc.subjectWAGE DATA
dc.subjectWAGE DIFFERENTIAL
dc.subjectWAGE EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectWAGE GAP
dc.subjectWAGE POLICIES
dc.subjectWOMAN
dc.subjectWOMEN IN AGRICULTURE
dc.subjectWOMEN WORKERS
dc.subjectWORK FORCE
dc.subjectWORKER
dc.subjectWORKFORCE
dc.subjectWORKING HOURS
dc.subjectWORKING WOMEN
dc.subjectYOUNG AGES
dc.subjectYOUTH
dc.titleDeterminants of and Trends in Labor Force Participation of Women in Turkeyen
dc.title.alternativeTurkiye'de kadinlarin isgucune katiliminda belirleyici etkenler ve egilimleren
dc.typeWorking Paperen
dc.typeDocument de travailfr
dc.typeDocumento de trabajoes
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crossref.titleDeterminants of and Trends in Labor Force Participation of Women in Turkey
okr.date.disclosure2013-02-20
okr.date.doiregistration2025-05-05T12:03:26.693080Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Working Paper
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/466591468316462301/Determinants-of-and-trends-in-labor-force-participation-of-women-in-Turkey
okr.guid466591468316462301
okr.guid403561468311115746
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000356161_20130220154823
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum17364386
okr.identifier.report75467
okr.importedtrue
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/466591468316462301/pdf/754670NWP0Box300Participation0Women.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeEurope and Central Asia
okr.region.countryTurkiye
okr.topicEducation::Primary Education
okr.topicGender::Gender and Development
okr.topicSocial Protections and Labor::Labor Markets
okr.topicSocial Protections and Labor::Labor Policies
okr.topicGender::Gender and Economics
okr.unitDECRG: Poverty & Inequality (DECPI)
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