Publication:
Improving Gender and Development Outcomes through Agency : Policy Lessons from Three Peruvian Experiences

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dc.contributor.authorPerova, Elizaveta
dc.contributor.authorVakis, Renos
dc.date.accessioned2013-11-14T19:18:45Z
dc.date.available2013-11-14T19:18:45Z
dc.date.issued2013-07
dc.description.abstractPeruvian public policy is currently focused on economic growth with social inclusion. The Ministry of Development and Social Inclusion (MIDIS)-created in October 2011-leads the sector and promotes evidence-based public policy using three strategic guidelines: 1) matching criteria and mechanisms for the selection of areas and target population, 2) generation of instruments for inter-sectorial and inter-governmental result-based coordination, and 3) activation of monitoring and evaluation procedures to measure interventions' progress and results. This study is about the incredible and frequently underestimated role of agency-the ability to make choices to achieve desired outcomes-in economic development. The authors share the view that agency has inherent value for development: it is an attribute and manifestation of development, or using Sen's words, it is constituent to development. This study however, focuses on the instrumental role of agency for more tangible manifestations of development, such as, poverty reduction and economic growth. It attempts to show that expanding individual agency is a powerful catalyst for improving welfare, as measured by these concrete and widely used metrics of policy success. Moreover, it argues that in many cases, improving development outcomes through agency is highly cost-effective. This study centers on several policy initiatives in Peru, which as will be subsequently shown, have improved the agency of their beneficiaries. The purpose of this study is twofold. First, it aims at bridging this information gap, providing a review of evidence that shows how the psychological components of agency, such as aspirations and self-esteem, can effectively contribute to more traditional development objectives-ranging from higher investments in human capital to increased income. Second, the study reviews and synthesizes research on several policy interventions in Peru, which have empowered their beneficiaries. In this way, the study aims to derive practical recommendations on how to incorporate psychological elements of agency into policy interventions in order to achieve better development outcomes. The study is structured as follows: the next section discusses the concept of agency, providing examples of its broad role in achieving development objectives. The following section reviews the quantitative and qualitative research that served as the basis for this study and elaborates on the methodologies used to derive the conclusions presented in the ensuing section. The last section synthesizes the conclusions of the review of different interventions in Peru into six practical 'policy lessons'.en
dc.description.abstractEste estudio está enfocado en el rol instrumental de la capacidad de acción y decisión – o sea la habilidad para tomar decisiones a fin de lograr los resultados deseados – en lo que refiere al desarrollo económico. El argumento del estudio es que además de tener un valor inherente con respecto al desarrollo, la capacidad de acción y decisión es un catalizador poderoso para mejorar el bienestar, tal como éste es medido en forma concreta y amplia con respecto al éxito del desarrollo, en aspectos como la reducción de la pobreza, la acumulación de activos y las inversiones en capital humano. Muestra también que el hecho de mejorar los resultados del desarrollo por medio de la capacidad de acción y decisión podría ser de un elevado costo efectivo, y propone sugerencias concretas sobre cómo mejorar la efectividad de las políticas y de las intervenciones al incorporar en su diseño elementos para mejorar la capacidad de acción y decisión. Estas sugerencias tienen como base el análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo de tres programas que se llevan a cabo en el Perú: un programa de educación financiera Corredor Puno Cusco, un programa nacional de Transferencia Condicional de Efectivo (CCT) programa Juntos, y las Innovadoras Intervenciones Socio-económicas contra la Tuberculosis proyecto (ISIAT). A través de entrevistas con los beneficiarios, con el personal y con miembros de la comunidad y de un análisis econométrico, el estudio trata de desentrañar los mecanismos que están detrás de los cambios en la capacidad de acción y decisión de los beneficiarios, y derivarlos en concretas lecciones de política, aplicables a otras circunstancias y programas.es
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/01/18028850/improving-gender-development-outcomes-through-agency-policy-lessons-three-peruvian-experiences
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/978-612-46470-0-0
dc.identifier.isbn978-612-46470-0-0
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/16259
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherLima: World Bank
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectABUSE
dc.subjectACCESS TO CREDIT
dc.subjectADMINISTRATIVE BURDEN
dc.subjectADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT
dc.subjectBANK ACCOUNT
dc.subjectBANK ACCOUNTS
dc.subjectBANKING SECTOR
dc.subjectBANKING SYSTEM
dc.subjectBANKS
dc.subjectBASIC FINANCIAL LITERACY
dc.subjectBEHAVIORAL ECONOMICS
dc.subjectBENEFICIARIES
dc.subjectBENEFICIARY
dc.subjectBENEFICIARY PARTICIPATION
dc.subjectBEQUEST
dc.subjectBOTH SEXES
dc.subjectCALCULATION
dc.subjectCALCULATIONS
dc.subjectCASH CROPS
dc.subjectCASH TRANSFER
dc.subjectCASH TRANSFERS
dc.subjectCITIZEN
dc.subjectCOMMERCIAL BANK
dc.subjectCOMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT
dc.subjectCOMMUNITY LEADERS
dc.subjectCOMMUNITY WORKSHOP
dc.subjectCOMMUNITY WORKSHOPS
dc.subjectCONSUMER
dc.subjectCONTRIBUTION
dc.subjectCONTRIBUTIONS
dc.subjectCONTROL OVER RESOURCES
dc.subjectCREDIBILITY
dc.subjectCREDIT LINE
dc.subjectCREDIT PRODUCTS
dc.subjectCREDITS
dc.subjectCRIME
dc.subjectCURRICULUM
dc.subjectDEBTS
dc.subjectDECISION MAKING
dc.subjectDEPOSIT
dc.subjectDEPOSITS
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES
dc.subjectDISCRIMINATION
dc.subjectDISSEMINATION
dc.subjectDIVERSIFICATION
dc.subjectDOMESTIC VIOLENCE
dc.subjectDRUG USE
dc.subjectDRUGS
dc.subjectEARNINGS
dc.subjectECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS
dc.subjectECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
dc.subjectECONOMIC ACTIVITY
dc.subjectECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIC MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectEQUIPMENT
dc.subjectEQUIPMENT LOANS
dc.subjectEQUITABLE ACCESS
dc.subjectFAMILIES
dc.subjectFAMILY MEMBER
dc.subjectFAMILY MEMBERS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL EDUCATION
dc.subjectFINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL KNOWLEDGE
dc.subjectFINANCIAL LITERACY
dc.subjectFINANCIAL LITERACY PROGRAM
dc.subjectFINANCIAL LITERACY PROGRAMS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL LITERACY TRAININGS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL PRODUCT
dc.subjectFINANCIAL RESOURCES
dc.subjectFINANCIAL RISK
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SERVICES
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SKILLS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SUPPORT
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SYSTEM
dc.subjectFORMAL LOANS
dc.subjectFUTURE GOALS
dc.subjectGENDER EQUALITY
dc.subjectGENDER INEQUALITY
dc.subjectGENDER ISSUES
dc.subjectGENDER STEREOTYPES
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT PROGRAMS
dc.subjectGROUP LOANS
dc.subjectGUARANTEE FUND
dc.subjectHEALTH CARE
dc.subjectHEALTH CARE SYSTEM
dc.subjectHEALTH CENTERS
dc.subjectHEALTH OUTCOMES
dc.subjectHEALTH PROMOTION
dc.subjectHEALTH SYSTEM
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SPENDING
dc.subjectHUMAN CAPITAL
dc.subjectHUSBANDS
dc.subjectILLITERATE WOMEN
dc.subjectILLNESS
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINCOME INCREASES
dc.subjectINCOME-GENERATING ACTIVITIES
dc.subjectINCOMES
dc.subjectINDEBTEDNESS
dc.subjectINDIGENOUS POPULATIONS
dc.subjectINDIVIDUAL ACCOUNTS
dc.subjectINDIVIDUAL NEEDS
dc.subjectINDIVIDUAL SAVINGS
dc.subjectINEQUITABLE GENDER NORMS
dc.subjectINFORMATION CAMPAIGNS
dc.subjectINSURANCE
dc.subjectINSURANCE PRODUCTS
dc.subjectINTANGIBLE
dc.subjectINTEREST RATE
dc.subjectINTEREST RATES
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL BANK
dc.subjectINTERVENTION
dc.subjectINVESTMENT STRATEGY
dc.subjectKNOWLEDGE GAPS
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET
dc.subjectLACK OF INFORMATION
dc.subjectLEARNING
dc.subjectLEGAL STATUS
dc.subjectLENDERS
dc.subjectLIFETIME
dc.subjectLIQUIDITY
dc.subjectLIQUIDITY MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectLIVELIHOODS
dc.subjectLOAN
dc.subjectLOCAL ECONOMY
dc.subjectLOCAL GOVERNMENTS
dc.subjectMALE HEALTH
dc.subjectMANAGERIAL TOOL
dc.subjectMEDICAL CARE
dc.subjectMEDICAL SERVICES
dc.subjectMICRO-INSURANCE
dc.subjectMICROCREDIT
dc.subjectMICROENTERPRISES
dc.subjectMICROFINANCE
dc.subjectMONETARY INCENTIVES
dc.subjectNATIONAL STRATEGY
dc.subjectNGO
dc.subjectPATIENTS
dc.subjectPERSONAL INVESTMENT
dc.subjectPOLICY ANALYST
dc.subjectPOLICY FORMULATION
dc.subjectPOLICY INITIATIVES
dc.subjectPOLICY MAKERS
dc.subjectPOVERTY REDUCTION
dc.subjectPRACTITIONERS
dc.subjectPRIMARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVE INVESTMENTS
dc.subjectPROGRAM IMPACTS
dc.subjectPROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION
dc.subjectPROGRESS
dc.subjectPROSPERITY
dc.subjectPSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT
dc.subjectPSYCHOLOGISTS
dc.subjectPSYCHOLOGY
dc.subjectPUBLIC GOODS
dc.subjectPUBLIC POLICY
dc.subjectPUBLIC REGISTRY
dc.subjectPURCHASES
dc.subjectQUALITATIVE APPROACH
dc.subjectQUALITATIVE RESEARCH
dc.subjectQUALITY IMPROVEMENT
dc.subjectQUANTITATIVE METHODS
dc.subjectQUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
dc.subjectQUESTIONNAIRE
dc.subjectRENTS
dc.subjectRESOURCE MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectRESPECT
dc.subjectRESPONSIBILITIES
dc.subjectRETURN
dc.subjectRETURNS
dc.subjectRISK MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectRISK OF DEATH
dc.subjectRURAL AREAS
dc.subjectRURAL RESIDENTS
dc.subjectRURAL WOMEN
dc.subjectSALARIES
dc.subjectSALE
dc.subjectSAVINGS
dc.subjectSAVINGS ACCOUNT
dc.subjectSAVINGS ACCOUNTS
dc.subjectSAVINGS PLANS
dc.subjectSAVINGS PROGRAM
dc.subjectSAVINGS SCHEMES
dc.subjectSCREENING
dc.subjectSELF-ESTEEM
dc.subjectSELF-RELIANCE
dc.subjectSOCIAL CAPITAL
dc.subjectSOCIAL INCLUSION
dc.subjectSOCIAL POLICIES
dc.subjectSOCIAL PROGRAMS
dc.subjectSOCIAL SUPPORT
dc.subjectSOCIAL WELFARE
dc.subjectSOCIALIZATION
dc.subjectSOURCES OF INCOME
dc.subjectSPOUSES
dc.subjectSUBSISTENCE FARMING
dc.subjectSUICIDE
dc.subjectTARGETING
dc.subjectTAX
dc.subjectTAXIS
dc.subjectTECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectTEENAGE PREGNANCY
dc.subjectTERMINATION
dc.subjectTRAINING PROGRAMS
dc.subjectTRAINING WORKSHOPS
dc.subjectTRANSACTION
dc.subjectTRANSACTION COSTS
dc.subjectTUBERCULOSIS
dc.subjectVALUABLE
dc.subjectVIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN
dc.subjectVOCATIONAL TRAINING
dc.subjectVULNERABLE GROUPS
dc.subjectWAGES
dc.subjectWALKING
dc.subjectWOMAN
dc.subjectWORKERS
dc.subjectWORTH
dc.titleImproving Gender and Development Outcomes through Agency : Policy Lessons from Three Peruvian Experiencesen
dc.titlePromoviendo la capacidad de decidir y actuar : una ruta hacia políticas más efectivases
dc.title.alternativePromoviendo la capacidad de decidir y actuar : una ruta hacia políticas mas efectivasen
dc.title.alternativePromoviendo la capacidad de decidir y actuar : una ruta hacia políticas mas efectivases
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.date.disclosure2013-07-23
okr.date.doiregistration2025-05-07T08:43:57.917430Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Publication
okr.doctypeEconomic & Sector Work::Women in Development and Gender Study
okr.doctypeEconomic & Sector Work
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/01/18028850/improving-gender-development-outcomes-through-agency-policy-lessons-three-peruvian-experiences
okr.globalpracticePoverty
okr.globalpracticeFinance and Markets
okr.globalpracticeHealth, Nutrition, and Population
okr.guid461421468296981519
okr.guid255541468076130276
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000356161_20130723142008
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum18028850
okr.identifier.report79713
okr.language.supporteden
okr.language.supportedes
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2013/07/23/000356161_20130723142008/Rendered/PDF/797130WP0Impro0Box0377384B00PUBLIC0.pdfen
okr.pdfurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/255541468076130276/pdf/797130WP0SPANI0Box0377384B00PUBLIC0.pdfes
okr.region.administrativeLatin America and Caribbean
okr.region.countryPeru
okr.topicHealth, Nutrition and Population::Population Policies
okr.topicHealth Monitoring and Evaluation
okr.topicFinance and Financial Sector Development::Debt Markets
okr.topicFinance and Financial Sector Development::Financial Literacy
okr.topicPoverty Monitoring and Analysis
okr.topicPoverty Reduction
okr.txturlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/255541468076130276/text/797130WP0SPANI0Box0377384B00PUBLIC0.txtes
okr.unitGender and Equity Group, Latin America and Caribbean Dept.
okr.volume1 of 1
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationdf9fc562-f981-533f-9b03-cceeb91e5d9c
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoverydf9fc562-f981-533f-9b03-cceeb91e5d9c
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