Subways and CO2 Emissions: A Global Analysis with Satellite Data

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163691

Publication:
Subways and CO2 Emissions: A Global Analysis with Satellite Data

dc.contributor.author	Dasgupta, Susmita
dc.contributor.author	Lall, Somik
dc.contributor.author	Wheeler, David
dc.date.accessioned	2024-01-23T21:56:38Z
dc.date.available	2024-01-23T21:56:38Z
dc.date.issued	2023-04-24
dc.description.abstract	This paper estimates a global CO2 emissions model using satellite data at 25 km resolution. The model incorporates industrial sources (including power, steel, cement, and refineries), fires, and non-industrial population-related factors associated with household incomes and energy requirements. It also tests the impact of subways in the 192 cities where they operate. We find highly significant effects with the expected signs for all model variables, including subways. In a counterfactual exercise estimating CO2 emissions with and without subways, we find they have reduced population-related CO2 emissions by about 50 % for the 192 cities and about 11 % globally. Extending the analysis to future subways for other cities, we estimate the magnitude and social value of CO2 emissions reductions with conservative assumptions about population and income growth and a range of values for the social cost of carbon and investment costs. Even under pessimistic assumptions for these costs, we find that hundreds of cities realize a significant climate co-benefit, along with benefits from reduced traffic congestion and local air pollution, which have traditionally motivated subway construction. Under more moderate assumptions, we find that, on climate grounds alone, hundreds of cities realize high enough social rates of return to warrant subway construction.	en
dc.identifier.citation	Science of the Total Environment
dc.identifier.doi	10.1596/40957
dc.identifier.issn	1879-1026 (online)
dc.identifier.issn	0048-9697 (print)
dc.identifier.uri	https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/40957
dc.language.iso	en_US
dc.publisher	Elsevier
dc.rights	CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holder	World Bank
dc.rights.uri	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/igo
dc.subject	CO2 EMISSIONS
dc.subject	MASS TRANSIT
dc.subject	SUBWAY SYSTEMS
dc.title	Subways and CO2 Emissions	en
dc.title.subtitle	A Global Analysis with Satellite Data	en
dc.type	Journal Article
dspace.entity.type	Publication
okr.associatedcontent	https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969723023124?via%3Dihub Journal website (version of record)
okr.crossref.title	Subways and CO2 Emissions: A Global Analysis with Satellite Data
okr.date.disclosure	2024-01-23
okr.doctype	Publications & Research
okr.doctype	Publications & Research::Journal Article
okr.externalcontent	External Content
okr.identifier.doi	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163691
okr.identifier.doi	http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/40957
okr.language.supported	en
okr.pagenumber	163691
okr.peerreview	Academic Peer Review
okr.region.geographical	World
okr.topic	Environment::Adaptation to Climate Change
okr.topic	Environment::Air Quality & Clean Air
okr.topic	Urban Development::Transport in Urban Areas
okr.volume	883
person.external.hostWork	External Content
person.external.hostWork	External content
relation.isAuthorOfPublication	1bad1919-f70a-5855-b415-77aa5d72f22d
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery	1bad1919-f70a-5855-b415-77aa5d72f22d