Publication: Tanzania - Public Expenditure Review (Vol. 2 of 2) : Consolidating the Medium Term Expenditure Framework
Loading...
Date
2001-01
ISSN
Published
2001-01
Author(s)
Editor(s)
Abstract
This Public Expenditure Review (PER) for FY00, provided support to the Government of Tanzania in the preparation of its budget, and Medium Term Expenditure Framework (MTEF), and performed as well an external evaluation of the country's budget performance. The report contains two volumes, the Main Report (v. I) first describes the main features of the PER process, to then present the main findings emerging from a review of fiscal performance, and public expenditure management in Tanzania. A discussion of systemic fiscal issues, critical to enhancing the effectiveness of public expenditure follows, to reach a series of updated sectoral expenditure reviews, prioritizing on education, health, water, agriculture, works, land and justice. Volume II, presents the Government's MTEF for FY-01/03, in which the macroeconomic context is described, providing a cross sectoral MTEF within the priority sectors. In addition, a detailed discussion of the public sector reform program is presented, including discussions on the HIV/AIDS epidemic, identified as a key challenge to development efforts, requiring a multi-sectoral approach to contain its spread. Despite progress in consolidating the budget process, and macroeconomic policy, the transitional status of the country's economy, makes macroeconomic management particularly difficult. The report suggests rethinking the MTEF's contingency plans, within a flexible framework to further improve the linkages between prioritization, and the budgetary process.
Link to Data Set
Citation
“World Bank. 2001. Tanzania - Public Expenditure Review (Vol. 2 of 2) : Consolidating the Medium Term Expenditure Framework. Public expenditure review (PER);. © World Bank. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/15491 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO.”
Associated URLs
Associated content
Other publications in this report series
Journal
Journal Volume
Journal Issue
Collections
Related items
Showing items related by metadata.
Publication United Republic of Tanzania - Public Expenditure Review FY02 : Report on Fiscal Developments and Public Expenditure Management Issues(Washington, DC, 2002-05)This Public Expenditure Review (PER) examines the overall fiscal discipline, which after targeting, and achieving recurrent surpluses by FY99, the targets for FY01 were set to provide scope for financing of priority sector activities under the Poverty Reduction Strategy, and accommodate increased foreign inflows in the form of program grants. However, recurrent deficits in FY01, and, the target for FY02, delivered a recurrent deficit of 2.5 percent of GDP. Nonetheless, these deficits are within the sustainability thresholds indicated by recent analyses of fiscal, and debt sustainability, and remain compatible with continued macroeconomic stability. The report also looks at the introduction of cash flow planning, and the innovation introduced with the public finance act, to then analyze the government resources, and expenditures, which overall, expenditures on the key priority areas increased, exceeding the additional debt relief available through the enhanced Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) Initiative. The report subsequently focuses on two main sources of fiscal risks, namely, on public enterprise debts and retrenchment costs associated with privatization; and, on extra-budgetary commitments related to procurement. Containment of fiscal risks, and further work should be extended to quantify, and validate parastatal debts covering other resources of fiscal risks, including commitments to privatization. Recommendations include a review of the existing tracking systems to identify information gaps, and recommend how systems can be streamlined, how information flows can be improved, and to clarify roles, and responsibilities of key institutions in this process. Moreover, attention should be paid to both financial reporting, and service delivery, including ways of integrating the two, in addition to identifying links to the poverty monitoring process.Publication Malawi - Public Expenditures : Issues and Options(Washington, DC, 2001-09)This report argues that public expenditure outcomes in Malawi, can be improved in the next few years, provided 1) additional spending on priority items is balanced by expenditure cut-backs in low priority areas, so that public expenditures remain within fiscal parameters to restore macroeconomic stability; 2) incentives for improving the budget process are strengthened; 3) intra-sectoral allocations in key sectors, i.e., education, health, agriculture, and roads, focus on key public goods, and, measures to improve spending are enforced; and, 4) areas such as pensions, and parastatals are restructured, so as to reduce future fiscal burden. Balancing additional spending on priority areas within a macroeconomic framework, will require expenditure restructuring, by limiting non-essential spending, to reduce the country's overall deficit, achieve its macro targets, and attain the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) debt relief finance, which should allow additional spending on priority items. Recommendations suggest a shift in expenditures towards social sectors, HIV/AIDS control and prevention, roads management improvement, and, governance to strengthen the budgetary process. And, savings could be generated by reducing ad-hoc expenditures (e.g., maize price interventions), reducing State Officials allocations (e.g., residences, foreign travel, etc.), and, curbing fraud and corruption.Publication Tanzania - Public Expenditure Review (Vol. 1 of 2) : Main Report(Washington, DC, 2001-01)This Public Expenditure Review (PER) for FY00, provided support to the Government of Tanzania in the preparation of its budget, and Medium Term Expenditure Framework (MTEF), and performed as well an external evaluation of the country's budget performance. The report contains two volumes, the Main Report (v. I) first describes the main features of the PER process, to then present the main findings emerging from a review of fiscal performance, and public expenditure management in Tanzania. A discussion of systemic fiscal issues, critical to enhancing the effectiveness of public expenditure follows, to reach a series of updated sectoral expenditure reviews, prioritizing on education, health, water, agriculture, works, land and justice. Volume II, presents the Government's MTEF for FY-01/03, in which the macroeconomic context is described, providing a cross sectoral MTEF within the priority sectors. In addition, a detailed discussion of the public sector reform program is presented, including discussions on the HIV/AIDS epidemic, identified as a key challenge to development efforts, requiring a multi-sectoral approach to contain its spread. Despite progress in consolidating the budget process, and macroeconomic policy, the transitional status of the country's economy, makes macroeconomic management particularly difficult. The report suggests rethinking the MTEF's contingency plans, within a flexible framework to further improve the linkages between prioritization, and the budgetary process.Publication Zanzibar Public Expenditure Review 2003 : Laying the Foundations for Improved Public Expenditure Management(Washington, DC, 2003-06)Zanzibar finds itself currently in an extremely precarious fiscal situation, caused by the dramatic decline in government revenue during the past four years. The decline is primarily the result of the harmonization of tax policy, and administration between Tanzania Mainland and Zanzibar, and as such, is likely to be permanent. Increasing revenue will require significant improvements in tax policy and administration, and is likely to be a slow process. In the short to medium term, the key challenge for Zanzibar is to adjust budgets, and the level and structure of public expenditures, to the new reality of a considerably smaller resource envelope. To date, the burden of adjustment has fallen exclusively on development, and non-wage expenditures, which have been cut in line with the fall in resources. This has led to a severe structural imbalance in Zanzibar's public expenditures, with expenditures on wages and salaries claiming 62 percent of recurrent expenditures. This structural imbalance between wage and non-wage expenditures, has direct implications for Government's capacity to deliver services, as staff often lack the means to carry out their functions. In addition to fiscal and public expenditure issues, this public expenditure review also assesses the role of the wider public sector in the Zanzibar economy. Here the most urgent need for reform concerns the role of the Zanzibar State Trading Corporation, which currently enjoys a monopoly on the export of cloves, Zanzibar's main agricultural product. Removing the monopoly and liberalizing the clove sector, is likely to have significant positive welfare implications for clove farmers and the Zanzibar economy. Main reasons for the high variability of revenue, include the fact that Zanzibar collects most of its revenue from indirect taxes, which reflect instability in the performance of imports, and production of cloves. Possible options to reduce this variability include (i) diversification of the tax system to reduce dependence on taxation of trade, and, (ii) reform of the indirect tax regime to have more predictable rates, and a standard valuation of imports.Publication Moldova Public Expenditure Review : Capital Expenditures - Making Public Investment Work for Competitiveness and Inclusive Growth in Moldova(Washington, DC, 2013-06)This public expenditure review (PER) for Moldova is the result of a body of programmatic fiscal work. This PER focuses on capital expenditure. It supports the first pillar of the country partnership strategy (improving economic competitiveness) and complements the 2012 development policy operation. In the context of economic recovery and stabilization, government requested World Bank assistance in improving its capital allocation mechanism, as its fiscal consolidation program attempted to create space for critical infrastructure whilst gradually reducing the state's footprint in the economy. This report recommends ways to strengthen public investment processes, institutions, and sector policies to achieve better outcomes for public capital expenditures in Moldova. This report suggests reforms in public investment management and sector policies to raise cost-effectiveness and allocative efficiency of capital expenditures. Three key areas of reform are: (i) raise the quality of new projects by improving preliminary screening and project appraisal mechanisms; (ii) improve selection of new projects and ensure continuity of funding for ongoing projects through better prioritization and budgeting processes; and (iii) strengthen monitoring of project implementation for cost efficiency and timely delivery of public services. The report has four chapters. The first chapter presents the macroeconomic outlook and its implications for fiscal policy, particularly with respect to the capital budget. The second chapter presents the structure and classification of the capital budget as well as recent trends in capital expenditure levels and execution, and reviews the adequacy of resource allocations and utilization across sectors, given investment needs, national priorities and implementation capacity. The third chapter reviews public investment management processes and presents recommendations to improve the efficiency of public capital expenditure in Moldova. The fourth chapter discusses specific sector challenges and offers recommendations for improving capital expenditure outcomes.
Users also downloaded
Showing related downloaded files
Publication Europe and Central Asia Economic Update, Fall 2024: Better Education for Stronger Growth(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024-10-17)Economic growth in Europe and Central Asia (ECA) is likely to moderate from 3.5 percent in 2023 to 3.3 percent this year. This is significantly weaker than the 4.1 percent average growth in 2000-19. Growth this year is driven by expansionary fiscal policies and strong private consumption. External demand is less favorable because of weak economic expansion in major trading partners, like the European Union. Growth is likely to slow further in 2025, mostly because of the easing of expansion in the Russian Federation and Turkiye. This Europe and Central Asia Economic Update calls for a major overhaul of education systems across the region, particularly higher education, to unleash the talent needed to reinvigorate growth and boost convergence with high-income countries. Universities in the region suffer from poor management, outdated curricula, and inadequate funding and infrastructure. A mismatch between graduates' skills and the skills employers are seeking leads to wasted potential and contributes to the region's brain drain. Reversing the decline in the quality of education will require prioritizing improvements in teacher training, updated curricula, and investment in educational infrastructure. In higher education, reforms are needed to consolidate university systems, integrate them with research centers, and provide reskilling opportunities for adult workers.Publication Argentina Country Climate and Development Report(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2022-11)The Argentina Country Climate and Development Report (CCDR) explores opportunities and identifies trade-offs for aligning Argentina’s growth and poverty reduction policies with its commitments on, and its ability to withstand, climate change. It assesses how the country can: reduce its vulnerability to climate shocks through targeted public and private investments and adequation of social protection. The report also shows how Argentina can seize the benefits of a global decarbonization path to sustain a more robust economic growth through further development of Argentina’s potential for renewable energy, energy efficiency actions, the lithium value chain, as well as climate-smart agriculture (and land use) options. Given Argentina’s context, this CCDR focuses on win-win policies and investments, which have large co-benefits or can contribute to raising the country’s growth while helping to adapt the economy, also considering how human capital actions can accompany a just transition.Publication Lebanon Economic Monitor, Fall 2022(Washington, DC, 2022-11)The economy continues to contract, albeit at a somewhat slower pace. Public finances improved in 2021, but only because spending collapsed faster than revenue generation. Testament to the continued atrophy of Lebanon’s economy, the Lebanese Pound continues to depreciate sharply. The sharp deterioration in the currency continues to drive surging inflation, in triple digits since July 2020, impacting the poor and vulnerable the most. An unprecedented institutional vacuum will likely further delay any agreement on crisis resolution and much needed reforms; this includes prior actions as part of the April 2022 International Monetary Fund (IMF) staff-level agreement (SLA). Divergent views among key stakeholders on how to distribute the financial losses remains the main bottleneck for reaching an agreement on a comprehensive reform agenda. Lebanon needs to urgently adopt a domestic, equitable, and comprehensive solution that is predicated on: (i) addressing upfront the balance sheet impairments, (ii) restoring liquidity, and (iii) adhering to sound global practices of bail-in solutions based on a hierarchy of creditors (starting with banks’ shareholders) that protects small depositors.Publication Classroom Assessment to Support Foundational Literacy(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2025-03-21)This document focuses primarily on how classroom assessment activities can measure students’ literacy skills as they progress along a learning trajectory towards reading fluently and with comprehension by the end of primary school grades. The document addresses considerations regarding the design and implementation of early grade reading classroom assessment, provides examples of assessment activities from a variety of countries and contexts, and discusses the importance of incorporating classroom assessment practices into teacher training and professional development opportunities for teachers. The structure of the document is as follows. The first section presents definitions and addresses basic questions on classroom assessment. Section 2 covers the intersection between assessment and early grade reading by discussing how learning assessment can measure early grade reading skills following the reading learning trajectory. Section 3 compares some of the most common early grade literacy assessment tools with respect to the early grade reading skills and developmental phases. Section 4 of the document addresses teacher training considerations in developing, scoring, and using early grade reading assessment. Additional issues in assessing reading skills in the classroom and using assessment results to improve teaching and learning are reviewed in section 5. Throughout the document, country cases are presented to demonstrate how assessment activities can be implemented in the classroom in different contexts.Publication World Development Report 2006(Washington, DC, 2005)This year’s Word Development Report (WDR), the twenty-eighth, looks at the role of equity in the development process. It defines equity in terms of two basic principles. The first is equal opportunities: that a person’s chances in life should be determined by his or her talents and efforts, rather than by pre-determined circumstances such as race, gender, social or family background. The second principle is the avoidance of extreme deprivation in outcomes, particularly in health, education and consumption levels. This principle thus includes the objective of poverty reduction. The report’s main message is that, in the long run, the pursuit of equity and the pursuit of economic prosperity are complementary. In addition to detailed chapters exploring these and related issues, the Report contains selected data from the World Development Indicators 2005‹an appendix of economic and social data for over 200 countries. This Report offers practical insights for policymakers, executives, scholars, and all those with an interest in economic development.