Publication:
Social Norms and Gender Disparities with a Focus on Female Labor Force Participation in South Asia

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dc.contributor.authorBussolo, Maurizio
dc.contributor.authorEzebuihe, Jessy Amarachi
dc.contributor.authorMuñoz Boudet, Ana Maria
dc.contributor.authorPoupakis, Stavros
dc.contributor.authorRahman, Tasmia
dc.contributor.authorSarma, Nayantara
dc.date.accessioned2024-03-25T18:22:02Z
dc.date.available2024-03-25T18:22:02Z
dc.date.issued2023-09-23
dc.description.abstractDespite decades of economic growth, gender disparities in South Asia remain remarkably high. Although not the only one, social norms are a crucial driver of various gender outcomes, including differential economic participation. Using repeated cross-sectional data from nationally representative surveys, this study explores long-term trends across gender outcomes and social norms(contrasting attitudes and social normative expectations towards gender roles) in South Asia. The results corroborate the evidence that there has been almost no progress in gender disparities in South Asia over the past half-century. There has been little progress in female labor force participation, age at first birth, agency, and intimate partner violence, while (basic) education is an important exception. The lack of progress is apparent among all layers of society, including women who live in urban areas, are educated, and have higher incomes. Gender attitudes also remain unchanged, while for some issues, they have become more conservative and have a negative relationship with gender outcomes. This negative relationship is even stronger when social normative expectations are considered. More data on social norms and a better understanding of their constraining role may be critical for achieving gender equality in the region.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099301202022414723/IDU1cec2dc85106b8143f2193d31f41a26516201
dc.identifier.citationThe World Bank Research Observer
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/41270
dc.identifier.issn0257-3032 (print)
dc.identifier.issn1564-6971 (online)
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/41270
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherPublished by Oxford University Press on behalf of the World Bank
dc.relation.ispartofseriesWorld Bank Research Observer
dc.rightsCC BY-NC-ND 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/igo
dc.subjectSOCIAL NORMS
dc.subjectWOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT
dc.subjectFEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION
dc.subjectSOUTH ASIA
dc.titleSocial Norms and Gender Disparities with a Focus on Female Labor Force Participation in South Asiaen
dc.typeJournal Article
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.associatedcontenthttps://academic.oup.com/wbro/article/39/1/124/7281167 Journal website (version of record)
okr.crossref.titleSocial Norms and Gender Disparities with a Focus on Female Labor Force Participation in South Asia
okr.date.disclosure2024-03-25
okr.date.lastmodified2024-02-02T00:00:00Zen
okr.doctypeJournal Article
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099301202022414723/IDU1cec2dc85106b8143f2193d31f41a26516201
okr.guid099301202022414723
okr.identifier.docmidIDU-cec2dc85-06b8-43f2-93d3-f41a26516201
okr.identifier.doi10.1093/wbro/lkad010
okr.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1596/41270
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum34250939
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum34250939
okr.identifier.report187533
okr.import.id3588
okr.importedtrueen
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pagenumber124-158
okr.pdfurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099301202022414723/pdf/IDU1cec2dc85106b8143f2193d31f41a26516201.pdfen
okr.peerreviewAcademic Peer Review
okr.region.geographicalSouth Asia
okr.topicGender::Gender and Economics
okr.topicSocial Protections and Labor::Labor Standards
okr.topicFinance and Financial Sector Development::Finance and Development
okr.unitOffice of the Chief Economist (SARCE)
okr.volume39 (1)
relation.isJournalIssueOfPublication9e9964ca-ce22-4b67-9d18-d503b407185e
relation.isJournalIssueOfPublication.latestForDiscovery9e9964ca-ce22-4b67-9d18-d503b407185e
relation.isJournalOfPublication9e5fbe82-492f-4142-8378-17d50245d9de
relation.isJournalVolumeOfPublicationfbbdbd74-015d-4dca-8d68-eb9588330540
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