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Global Inequality and Economic Growth: The Three Decades before Covid-19 and Three Decades After

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dc.contributor.authorGarcia Rojas, Diana C.
dc.contributor.authorYonzan, Nishant
dc.contributor.authorLakner, Christoph
dc.date.accessioned2025-03-27T14:02:47Z
dc.date.available2025-03-27T14:02:47Z
dc.date.issued2025-03-27
dc.description.abstractGlobal income inequality captures income differences among all individuals around the world. Global inequality around the world increased from 1820 to 1990 as incomes in richer countries grew faster than incomes in relatively poorer countries. However, these trends were reversed over the three decades starting in 1990. Inequality among all citizens of the world decreased as populous and relatively poorer countries, in particular China, reduced the income gap with richer parts of the world. Growth in average incomes played a critical role in this reduction, with differences within countries contributing relatively little. The Covid-19 pandemic abruptly halted the reduction in global income inequality and was responsible for the largest increase in global income inequality in at least three decades. The future of global inequality largely depends on how incomes grow in various parts of the world. If the trends of the last three decades continue, inequality may increase as growth in those countries that drove the reduction in inequality now contributes to increasing inequality, since these countries are in the upper part of the global distribution. However, if poorer countries today grow faster than their richer peers, global inequality could continue to fall. Climate adaptation and mitigation challenges will play an increasing role in shaping country-level growth trends and thus the changes in global income inequality.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099928403262531089
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-11093
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-11093
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/43004
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWashington, DC: World Bank
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research Working Paper; 11093
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectGLOBAL INEQUALITY
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectSHARED SOCIOECONOMIC PATHWAYS
dc.titleGlobal Inequality and Economic Growthen
dc.title.subtitleThe Three Decades before Covid-19 and Three Decades Afteren
dc.typeWorking Paper
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.associatedcontenthttps://reproducibility.worldbank.org/index.php/catalog/264 Link to reproducibility package
okr.date.disclosure2025-03-27
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-14T11:57:19.689464Z
okr.date.lastmodified2025-03-27T13:05:55Zen
okr.doctypePolicy Research Working Paper
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099928403262531089
okr.guid099928403262531089
okr.identifier.docmidIDU-5aad7296-6ece-49ee-a291-3acc30bac9dd
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-11093
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum40003246
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum40003246
okr.identifier.reportWPS11093
okr.import.id6984
okr.importedtrueen
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttps://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099928403262531089/pdf/IDU-5aad7296-6ece-49ee-a291-3acc30bac9dd.pdfen
okr.region.geographicalWorld
okr.topicMacroeconomics and Economic Growth::Income
okr.topicMacroeconomics and Economic Growth::Economic Growth
okr.topicPoverty Reduction::Inequality
okr.unitDevelopment Indicators and Data (DECID)
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationfe09a17f-1d05-5a36-808c-daa18418e7bb
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoveryfe09a17f-1d05-5a36-808c-daa18418e7bb
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