Publication:
Female Entrepreneurship in Turkey: Patterns, Characteristics, and Trends

Simple item page
dc.contributor.authorOkten, Cagla
dc.date.accessioned2016-11-22T18:51:28Z
dc.date.available2016-11-22T18:51:28Z
dc.date.issued2015-12
dc.description.abstractOver a century ago, Schumpeter (1911) described the entrepreneur as a creative, driven individual who finds new combinations of (factors) of production to develop a new product, corner a new market, or design a new technology and he famously attributed endogenous development to the creative acts associated with entrepreneurial activity. This paper contributes to the understanding of female entrepreneurship in Turkey by analyzing the patterns and characteristics of female entrepreneurs and examining time trends in entrepreneurial activity. The data on entrepreneurs comes from data on employers and own account workers available in nationally representative Turkish household labor force surveys of 2004-2012. In Turkey, share of self-employed was 38 percent of total employment in 2012, much higher than the European Union (EU) - 27 average of 15 percent. However, the composition of self-employed in Turkey is markedly different than in EU-27. Only 13 percent of self-employed in Turkey are employers in contrast to 28 percent of self-employed in EU-27. This study is the first analyzing the effects of socio-demographic characteristics such as education, marital status, number of children, and urban or rural location on gender gap in entrepreneurship in Turkey. A multinomial logistic model was used where the odds of being an employer or own account worker over being inactive and unemployed was analyzed. It is found that higher education reduces the gender gap while marriage and number of children increases the gender gap in entrepreneurship. Perhaps surprisingly, living in an urban area also increases the gender gap as it increases the odds of becoming an employer for males and decreases the odds for females. The first section gives introduction. The section section deals with a brief literature survey on gender gap in entrepreneurial activity and entrepreneur characteristics. In section three, the entrepreneurship setting for women in Turkey is described. Section four describes the data and methodology. Section five presents results.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/952081479279116824/Female-entrepreneurship-in-Turkey-patterns-characteristics-and-trends
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/25410
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/25410
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectwomen entrepreneurs
dc.subjectfemale labor force participation
dc.subjectsmall and medium-sized enterprises
dc.subjectSME development
dc.subjectmicrofinance
dc.titleFemale Entrepreneurship in Turkeyen
dc.title.subtitlePatterns, Characteristics, and Trendsen
dc.typeReporten
dc.typeRapportfr
dc.typeInformees
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crossref.titleFemale Entrepreneurship in Turkey
okr.date.disclosure2016-11-15
okr.date.doiregistration2025-05-07T10:32:21.956580Z
okr.doctypeEconomic & Sector Work::Women in Development and Gender Study
okr.doctypeEconomic & Sector Work
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/952081479279116824/Female-entrepreneurship-in-Turkey-patterns-characteristics-and-trends
okr.guid952081479279116824
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum090224b0846fbdef_1_0
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum26941892
okr.identifier.report102013
okr.importedtrue
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/952081479279116824/pdf/102013-WP-P146215-PUBLIC-FEMALEENicindekiler.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeEurope and Central Asia
okr.region.countryTürkiye
okr.sectorFinance :: Microfinance
okr.themeSocial protection and risk management :: Poverty strategy, analysis and monitoring
okr.themeSocial dev/gender/inclusion :: Gender
okr.themeFinancial and private sector development :: Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise support
okr.topicFinance and Financial Sector Development::Microfinance
okr.topicPrivate Sector Development::Small and Medium Size Enterprises
okr.topicGender::Gender and Development
okr.topicSocial Protections and Labor::Labor Markets
okr.topicPoverty Reduction::Inequality
okr.unitPoverty GP ECA (GPV03)
Files
Original bundle
Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
Thumbnail Image
Name:
102013-WP-P146215-PUBLIC-FEMALEENicindekiler.pdf
Size:
1.16 MB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Download
No Thumbnail Available
Name:
102013-WP-P146215-PUBLIC-FEMALEENicindekiler.txt
Size:
77.3 KB
Format:
Plain Text
Download
License bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
No Thumbnail Available
Name:
license.txt
Size:
1.71 KB
Format:
Plain Text
Description:
Download
Collections
Women in Development and Gender Study