Publication:
Household Welfare, the Labor Market, and Social Programs in Albania

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dc.contributor.authorRashid, Mansoora
dc.contributor.authorDorabawila, Vajeera
dc.contributor.authorAdams, Richard
dc.date.accessioned2013-06-19T17:25:33Z
dc.date.available2013-06-19T17:25:33Z
dc.date.issued2001-05
dc.description.abstractThe paper provides an overview of household welfare, labor markets, and social programs in Albania, outside of its capital, in 1996. At the time, Albania was in a cross roads, from a period of phenomenal growth, to a series of economic crisis, though still ranking as the poorest country in the Central and Eastern Europe Region. The main findings suggest that the majority of the poor are rural, self-employed in agriculture, a result of Albania's large rural population that is mainly employed in subsistence agriculture. These households also have the highest poverty incidence, followed by out of labor force individuals, and the unemployed. Not surprising, the highest poverty incidence is in the rural north, requiring subsidized wheat, and cash transfers to survive difficult winters. Interestingly, migration is a major coping strategy in Albania: households with no migrants, were poorer than those where a family member was working abroad. The study raises concern about the education system, and safety nets, considering there are high drop out rates in basic, and secondary education among the poor, and, education spending is biased against the poor, except in basic education. Moreover, health outcomes are particularly worse among the poor. The study notes that outside of pensions, Albania's social protection system appears moderately well targeted to the poor, however, high tax rates, and limited wage base, makes a contribution based social protection system questionable.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2001/05/1631732/household-welfare-labor-market-social-programs-albania
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/0-8213-4963-5
dc.identifier.isbn0-8213-4963-5
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/14015
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWashington, DC: World Bank
dc.relation.ispartofseriesWorld Bank Technical Paper;No. 503
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL SECTOR
dc.subjectAIR
dc.subjectAQUIFERS
dc.subjectAVERAGE AGE
dc.subjectBASIC EDUCATION
dc.subjectCHRONIC DISEASE
dc.subjectCHRONIC ILLNESS
dc.subjectCONSUMPTION PATTERNS
dc.subjectDATA SET
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT POLICY
dc.subjectECOLOGY
dc.subjectECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIC MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC REFORM
dc.subjectECONOMICS
dc.subjectEDUCATION LEVEL
dc.subjectEDUCATION PROGRAMS
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT STATUS
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE
dc.subjectEXPENDITURE CATEGORY
dc.subjectFAMILIES
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SECTOR
dc.subjectFOOD EXPENDITURES
dc.subjectFOREST MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectGINI COEFFICIENT
dc.subjectGROWTH PROCESS
dc.subjectHEALTH CARE
dc.subjectHEALTH EDUCATION
dc.subjectHEALTH OUTCOMES
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD DATA
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD HEAD
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SIZE
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SURVEY
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD WELFARE
dc.subjectHUMAN CAPITAL
dc.subjectHUMAN DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectIMMIGRATION
dc.subjectIMMUNIZATION
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINCOME COUNTRIES
dc.subjectINCOME GROUPS
dc.subjectINCOME HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectINCOME INEQUALITY
dc.subjectINDIVIDUAL POVERTY
dc.subjectINFANT MORTALITY
dc.subjectINFECTIOUS DISEASES
dc.subjectINFLATION
dc.subjectINFLATION RATE
dc.subjectINSURANCE
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL TRADE
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET REGULATIONS
dc.subjectLABOR MARKETS
dc.subjectLIFE EXPECTANCY
dc.subjectLIVING CONDITIONS
dc.subjectLIVING STANDARD
dc.subjectLIVING STANDARDS
dc.subjectLOW INCOME
dc.subjectMARGINAL RETURNS
dc.subjectMARKET ECONOMY
dc.subjectMARKETING
dc.subjectMEAN CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectMIGRANTS
dc.subjectMORTALITY
dc.subjectPENSION SYSTEM
dc.subjectPOLICY MAKERS
dc.subjectPOLITICAL STABILITY
dc.subjectPOPULATION GROUPS
dc.subjectPOVERTY ALLEVIATION
dc.subjectPOVERTY LINE
dc.subjectPOVERTY RATE
dc.subjectPOVERTY RATES
dc.subjectPOVERTY REDUCTION
dc.subjectPRIMARY SCHOOL
dc.subjectPRIMARY SCHOOLS
dc.subjectPRIVATE SECTOR
dc.subjectPRIVATE SECTOR WORKERS
dc.subjectPRIVATE SECTORS
dc.subjectPRO-POOR
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY GROWTH
dc.subjectPUBLIC EDUCATION
dc.subjectPUBLIC EXPENDITURES
dc.subjectPUBLIC POLICY
dc.subjectPUBLIC PROGRAMS
dc.subjectPUBLIC RESOURCES
dc.subjectPUBLIC SECTOR
dc.subjectPUBLIC SERVICES
dc.subjectPUBLIC SPENDING
dc.subjectPUBLIC TRANSFERS
dc.subjectPUBLIC UTILITIES
dc.subjectREAL TERMS
dc.subjectREAL WAGES
dc.subjectREDUCED INEQUALITY
dc.subjectRURAL AREAS
dc.subjectRURAL HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectRURAL POPULATION
dc.subjectSAFETY
dc.subjectSAFETY NET
dc.subjectSAFETY NETS
dc.subjectSAMPLE SIZE
dc.subjectSAVINGS
dc.subjectSCHOOL GRADUATES
dc.subjectSECTOR EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectSECTOR REFORMS
dc.subjectSECTORAL COMPOSITION
dc.subjectSMOKING
dc.subjectSOCIAL ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectSOCIAL CAPITAL
dc.subjectSOCIAL INSURANCE
dc.subjectSOCIAL POLICY
dc.subjectSOCIAL PROTECTION
dc.subjectSOCIAL SERVICES
dc.subjectSOCIAL SPENDING
dc.subjectSTATE ENTERPRISES
dc.subjectSTRUCTURAL REFORMS
dc.subjectTAX RATES
dc.subjectTERTIARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectTRADE POLICY
dc.subjectTRADE REGIME
dc.subjectTRANSITION PROCESS
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT RATES
dc.subjectURBAN AREAS
dc.subjectURBAN CENTERS
dc.subjectURBAN HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectURBAN POPULATION
dc.subjectWASTE
dc.subjectWATER PRICING
dc.titleHousehold Welfare, the Labor Market, and Social Programs in Albaniaen
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-15T11:30:01.581332Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Publication
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Publication
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2001/05/1631732/household-welfare-labor-market-social-programs-albania
okr.globalpracticePoverty
okr.guid781311468742496004
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000094946_01112204284644
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum1631732
okr.identifier.reportWTP503
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2001/12/11/000094946_01112204284644/Rendered/PDF/multi0page.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeEurope and Central Asia
okr.region.countryAlbania
okr.themeSocial protection and risk management :: Improving labor markets
okr.topicPoverty Reduction::Achieving Shared Growth
okr.topicHealth Monitoring and Evaluation
okr.topicEnvironmental Economics and Policies
okr.topicHealth Economics and Finance
okr.topicPoverty Reduction::Poverty Assessment
okr.unitHuman Development Sector Unit (ECSHD)
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