Publication:
The World Bank and China's Environment 1993-2003

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dc.contributor.authorVarley, Robert C.G.
dc.date.accessioned2014-09-17T18:38:11Z
dc.date.available2014-09-17T18:38:11Z
dc.date.issued2005-04-27
dc.description.abstractChina's environmental degradation has developed over centuries, but record recent rates of economic growth have now widened environmental impacts and accelerated many adverse trends. China's urbanization and industrialization have produced rising material standards of living but have ever more costly environmental consequences. The period 1992-2001 coincided with a renewed Bank commitment to the environment, culminating in a new 2001 Bank environmental strategy. For the evaluation period there were four policies against which environmental performance can be judged: mainstreaming the environment; enforcing environmental safeguards; implementing a global agenda; and environmental stewardship. The environment and social sector development sector management unit (SMU) has a small professional staff and manages the few Bank-funded specialized environment projects. The Bank provided intellectual leadership and when economic sector work (ESW) was critical, the stakes were so high that the overall cost-effectiveness of ESW was assured. Rightly the Bank participated enthusiastically and shared knowledge with a pluralistic group of donors allied to Chinese research institutes and non-government organizations (NGOs).en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2005/04/20106294/world-bank-chinas-environment-1993-2003
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/20208
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/20208
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relation.ispartofseriesOperations Evaluation Department (OED) working paper series;
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectACCOUNTABILITY
dc.subjectACCOUNTING
dc.subjectACID
dc.subjectACID RAIN
dc.subjectADVERSE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
dc.subjectAFFORESTATION
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
dc.subjectAIR
dc.subjectAIR POLLUTANTS
dc.subjectAIR POLLUTION
dc.subjectAIR QUALITY
dc.subjectANNUAL EMISSIONS
dc.subjectAPPROACH
dc.subjectATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS
dc.subjectAUDITS
dc.subjectBALANCE
dc.subjectBIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
dc.subjectBOILER PLANTS
dc.subjectBREWING
dc.subjectCAPACITY UTILIZATION
dc.subjectCARBON
dc.subjectCARBON EMISSIONS
dc.subjectCERTIFICATION
dc.subjectCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND
dc.subjectCHEMICAL PROCESSES
dc.subjectCLEANER EMISSIONS
dc.subjectCLIMATE
dc.subjectCO
dc.subjectCO2
dc.subjectCOAL
dc.subjectCOAL BRIQUETTES
dc.subjectCOAL EXTRACTION
dc.subjectCOAL POWER PLANTS
dc.subjectCOAL-FIRED POWER
dc.subjectCOASTAL AREAS
dc.subjectCOASTAL RESOURCES
dc.subjectCOD
dc.subjectCOLLECTION SYSTEMS
dc.subjectCOLORS
dc.subjectCOMBUSTION
dc.subjectCOMBUSTION TECHNOLOGIES
dc.subjectCOMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE
dc.subjectCONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
dc.subjectCONSOLIDATION
dc.subjectCONSTRUCTION
dc.subjectCONTAMINATED WATER
dc.subjectCONVERGENCE
dc.subjectCROP PRODUCTION
dc.subjectCULTIVATED LAND
dc.subjectDEBT
dc.subjectDECENTRALIZATION
dc.subjectDESERTIFICATION
dc.subjectDISTRICT HEATING
dc.subjectDOMESTIC USE
dc.subjectDUST
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIC INCENTIVES
dc.subjectECONOMIC INSTRUMENTS
dc.subjectELECTRICITY
dc.subjectELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATORS
dc.subjectEMISSION
dc.subjectEMISSION FEES
dc.subjectEMISSION RATES
dc.subjectEMISSIONS
dc.subjectEMISSIONS LIMITS
dc.subjectEMISSIONS TAXES
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectENERGY CONSERVATION
dc.subjectENERGY CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectENERGY EFFICIENCY
dc.subjectENERGY POLICY
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTS
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL COSTS
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL POLICY
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTS
dc.subjectEROSION CONTROL
dc.subjectESP
dc.subjectEUTROPHICATION
dc.subjectFARMING PRACTICES
dc.subjectFARMS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL LEVERAGE
dc.subjectFISH
dc.subjectFISHING
dc.subjectFLOODS
dc.subjectFOREST
dc.subjectFOREST AREA
dc.subjectFOREST COVER
dc.subjectFOREST MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectFORESTRY
dc.subjectFRESHWATER LAKES
dc.subjectGAS
dc.subjectGAS DESULFURIZATION
dc.subjectGAS PRODUCTION
dc.subjectGENERATION
dc.subjectGLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY
dc.subjectGROUNDWATER
dc.subjectHEAVY METALS
dc.subjectHIGH LEVELS
dc.subjectHYDROPOWER
dc.subjectINCREMENTAL COSTS
dc.subjectINDUSTRIAL BOILER
dc.subjectINDUSTRIAL BOILERS
dc.subjectINDUSTRIAL POLLUTION
dc.subjectINVENTORY
dc.subjectIRRIGATION SYSTEMS
dc.subjectLAND DEGRADATION
dc.subjectLAND RECLAMATION
dc.subjectLAND RESOURCES
dc.subjectLAND USE
dc.subjectLAND USE CHANGE
dc.subjectLARGE CITIES
dc.subjectLAWS
dc.subjectLEGAL FRAMEWORK
dc.subjectLNG
dc.subjectLOCAL GOVERNMENT
dc.subjectLOCAL GOVERNMENTS
dc.subjectLOGGING
dc.subjectMANDATES
dc.subjectMETHANE
dc.subjectMETROPOLITAN AREAS
dc.subjectMFMP
dc.subjectMONTREAL PROTOCOL
dc.subjectMUNICIPAL GOVERNMENTS
dc.subjectMUNICIPAL WASTEWATER
dc.subjectMUNICIPALITIES
dc.subjectNATURAL FOREST MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectNATURAL FORESTS
dc.subjectNATURAL GAS
dc.subjectNATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectNATURAL RESOURCES
dc.subjectNOX
dc.subjectODS
dc.subjectOPEN SYSTEMS
dc.subjectOVERGRAZING
dc.subjectOXYGEN
dc.subjectOZONE
dc.subjectOZONE DEPLETING SUBSTANCES
dc.subjectPARTICLES
dc.subjectPARTICULATE
dc.subjectPARTICULATE EMISSIONS
dc.subjectPARTICULATES
dc.subjectPETROLEUM
dc.subjectPETROLEUM SECTOR
dc.subjectPIPELINE
dc.subjectPIPELINE PROJECTS
dc.subjectPLANT OPERATIONS
dc.subjectPM10
dc.subjectPOLICY MAKERS
dc.subjectPOLLUTION CONTROL
dc.subjectPOLLUTION LEVIES
dc.subjectPOWER SECTOR
dc.subjectPROJECT MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectPUBLIC HEALTH
dc.subjectPUBLIC PARTICIPATION
dc.subjectQUALITY ASSESSMENT
dc.subjectQUALITY STANDARDS
dc.subjectRAINFALL
dc.subjectRATING SYSTEMS
dc.subjectRAW MATERIALS
dc.subjectREDUCING EMISSIONS
dc.subjectRENEWABLE ENERGY
dc.subjectRENEWABLE ENERGY PROJECTS
dc.subjectRESOURCE ALLOCATION
dc.subjectRESOURCE MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectRETIREMENT
dc.subjectRIVER BASINS
dc.subjectRIVERS
dc.subjectSEWAGE
dc.subjectSOIL CONSERVATION
dc.subjectSTORMS
dc.subjectSULFUR
dc.subjectSULFUR DIOXIDE
dc.subjectSULFUR DIOXIDE EMISSIONS
dc.subjectSULPHUR
dc.subjectSULPHUR DIOXIDE
dc.subjectSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectSUSTAINABLE FORESTRY
dc.subjectTECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectTHERMAL PLANTS
dc.subjectTHERMAL POWER
dc.subjectTHERMAL POWER PLANTS
dc.subjectTIMBER
dc.subjectTRAFFIC MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectTRANSPORT
dc.subjectTREE PLANTATIONS
dc.subjectURBAN AIR POLLUTION
dc.subjectURBAN DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectURBANIZATION
dc.subjectUTILITIES
dc.subjectWASTE MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectWASTEWATER TREATMENT
dc.subjectWATER POLLUTION
dc.subjectWATER QUALITY
dc.subjectWATER SUPPLY
dc.subjectWATER TREATMENT
dc.subjectWATER USE
dc.subjectWILLINGNESS TO PAY
dc.subjectWIND
dc.titleThe World Bank and China's Environment 1993-2003en
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crosscuttingsolutionareaClimate Change
okr.date.disclosure2014-08-14
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-14T12:27:25.041225Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Working Paper
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2005/04/20106294/world-bank-chinas-environment-1993-2003
okr.globalpracticeEnvironment and Natural Resources
okr.globalpracticeFinance and Markets
okr.globalpracticeWater
okr.globalpracticeEnergy and Extractives
okr.guid438451468027280987
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000442464_20140814141622
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum20106294
okr.identifier.report82120
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2014/08/14/000442464_20140814141622/Rendered/PDF/821200WP0china00Box382079B00PUBLIC0.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeEast Asia and Pacific
okr.region.countryChina
okr.topicEnvironment::Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases
okr.topicEnvironmental Economics and Policies
okr.topicWater Resources::Water and Industry
okr.topicEnergy::Energy Production and Transportation
okr.topicBanks and Banking Reform
okr.topicFinance and Financial Sector Development
okr.unitIEG Public Sector (IEGPS)
okr.volume1 of 1
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