Publication:
Estimating the Long-term Impacts of Rural Roads : A Dynamic Panel Approach

Simple item page
dc.contributor.authorKhandker, Shahidur R.
dc.contributor.authorKoolwal, Gayatri B.
dc.date.accessioned2012-03-19T18:05:56Z
dc.date.available2012-03-19T18:05:56Z
dc.date.issued2011-10-01
dc.description.abstractInfrastructure investments are typically long-term. As a result, observed benefits to households and communities may vary considerably over time as short-term outcomes generate or are subsumed by longer-term impacts. This paper uses a new round of household survey as part of a local government engineering department's rural road improvement project financed by the World Bank in Bangladesh to compare the short-term and long-term effects of rural roads over eight years. A dynamic panel model, estimated by generalized method of moments, is applied to estimate the varying returns to public road investment accounting for time-varying unobserved characteristics. The results show that the substantial effects of roads on such outcomes as per capita expenditure, schooling, and prices as observed in the short run attenuate over time. But the declining returns are not common for all outcomes of interest or all households. Employment in the rural non-farm sector, for example, has risen more rapidly over time, indicating increasing returns to investment. The very poor have failed to sustain the short-term benefits of roads, and yet the gains accrued to the middle-income groups are strengthened over time because of changing sectors of employment, away from agriculture toward non-farm activity. The results also show that initial state dependence -- or initial community and household characteristics as well as road quality -- matters in estimating the trajectory of road impacts.en
dc.identifierhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20111031155734
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-5867
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/3633
dc.languageEnglish
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research working paper ; no. WPS 5867
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL OUTPUT
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL WAGE
dc.subjectAGRICULTURE
dc.subjectASSET HOLDINGS
dc.subjectASSETS
dc.subjectBENCHMARK
dc.subjectBETTER ACCESS TO MARKETS
dc.subjectBETTER ROAD
dc.subjectBETTER ROADS
dc.subjectBRIDGES
dc.subjectCHRONIC ILLNESS
dc.subjectCOMMERCIAL BANKS
dc.subjectCOMMUNES
dc.subjectCOMMUNITIES
dc.subjectCOMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectCOST PER TRIP
dc.subjectCROP PRODUCTION
dc.subjectCROP VARIETIES
dc.subjectCULVERTS
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT POLICY
dc.subjectDIMINISHING RETURNS
dc.subjectDISTRIBUTIONAL EFFECTS
dc.subjectDISTRIBUTIONAL OUTCOMES
dc.subjectDISTRICTS
dc.subjectDRAINAGE
dc.subjectECONOMETRICS
dc.subjectECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectELASTICITY
dc.subjectENDOGENOUS VARIABLES
dc.subjectFARM ACTIVITIES
dc.subjectFARM ACTIVITY
dc.subjectFARM EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectFARM INCOME
dc.subjectFARM PRODUCTION
dc.subjectFARM SECTOR
dc.subjectFARM WORK
dc.subjectFARM-GATE
dc.subjectFEEDER ROADS
dc.subjectFEMALE
dc.subjectFOOD CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectFOOD CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE
dc.subjectFOOD EXPENDITURE
dc.subjectFOOD ITEMS
dc.subjectHOSPITALS
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD HEAD
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SIZE
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SURVEY
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD WELFARE
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectIMPACT ON POVERTY
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINCOME GAINS
dc.subjectINCOME GROUPS
dc.subjectINCOME GROWTH
dc.subjectINCREASING RETURNS
dc.subjectINEQUALITY
dc.subjectINFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectINFRASTRUCTURE REHABILITATION
dc.subjectINTEREST RATE
dc.subjectINTERVENTION
dc.subjectINVESTMENT IN ROADS
dc.subjectLAND ASSETS
dc.subjectLANDHOLDINGS
dc.subjectLENGTH OF ROAD
dc.subjectLOCALITIES
dc.subjectMOBILITY
dc.subjectMOBILITY OF LABOR
dc.subjectMODES OF TRANSPORT
dc.subjectNONFARM INCOME
dc.subjectPOLITICAL INFLUENCE
dc.subjectPOOR
dc.subjectPOOR AREAS
dc.subjectPOOR HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectPOSITIVE EFFECTS
dc.subjectPOVERTY IMPACT
dc.subjectPOVERTY LINE
dc.subjectPOVERTY REDUCTION
dc.subjectPRICE FLUCTUATIONS
dc.subjectPRICE LEVELS
dc.subjectPUBLIC ROAD
dc.subjectRECONSTRUCTION
dc.subjectREGRESSION ANALYSIS
dc.subjectROAD
dc.subjectROAD ACCESS
dc.subjectROAD CONSTRUCTION
dc.subjectROAD DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectROAD IMPROVEMENT
dc.subjectROAD IMPROVEMENTS
dc.subjectROAD INVESTMENT
dc.subjectROAD NETWORK
dc.subjectROAD QUALITY
dc.subjectRURAL
dc.subjectRURAL COMMUNITY
dc.subjectRURAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectRURAL HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectRURAL INCOME
dc.subjectRURAL INFRASTRUCTURE
dc.subjectRURAL INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectRURAL ROAD
dc.subjectRURAL ROAD IMPROVEMENTS
dc.subjectRURAL ROAD INVESTMENT
dc.subjectRURAL ROAD INVESTMENTS
dc.subjectRURAL ROAD REHABILITATION
dc.subjectRURAL ROADS
dc.subjectTARGETING
dc.subjectTRANSPORT
dc.subjectTRANSPORT COST
dc.subjectTRANSPORT COSTS
dc.subjectTRANSPORTATION
dc.subjectTRANSPORTATION COSTS
dc.subjectTRAVEL TIME
dc.subjectTRIP
dc.subjectTRUE
dc.subjectVILLAGE ECONOMIES
dc.subjectVILLAGE LEVEL
dc.subjectVILLAGES
dc.subjectWAGES
dc.titleEstimating the Long-term Impacts of Rural Roads : A Dynamic Panel Approachen
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crossref.titleEstimating the Long-Term Impacts of Rural Roads: A Dynamic Panel Approach
okr.date.disclosure2011-10-01
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-10T11:07:11.041220Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Policy Research Working Paper
okr.docurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20111031155734
okr.globalpracticeTransport and ICT
okr.globalpracticePoverty
okr.guid208521468326364832
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-5867
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000158349_20111031155734
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum15409686
okr.identifier.reportWPS5867
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2011/10/31/000158349_20111031155734/Rendered/PDF/WPS5867.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeThe World Region
okr.region.administrativeThe World Region
okr.topicPoverty Reduction::Rural Poverty Reduction
okr.topicTransport
okr.unitDevelopment Research Group (DECRG)
okr.volume1 of 1
relation.isAuthorOfPublication1dc630c1-c19d-5c71-8d7c-1299435d0456
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationc590f6ec-6097-50a5-baa6-a4e6959a70b2
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoveryc590f6ec-6097-50a5-baa6-a4e6959a70b2
relation.isSeriesOfPublication26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
relation.isSeriesOfPublication.latestForDiscovery26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
Files
Original bundle
Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
Thumbnail Image
Name:
WPS5867.pdf
Size:
2.49 MB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Download
No Thumbnail Available
Name:
WPS5867.txt
Size:
112.99 KB
Format:
Plain Text
Download
License bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
No Thumbnail Available
Name:
license.txt
Size:
1.71 KB
Format:
Plain Text
Description:
Download
Collections
Policy Research Working Papers