Publication: Armenia Waste Sector Reform Plan
Loading...
Other Files
96 downloads
Date
2024-11-25
ISSN
Published
2024-11-25
Author(s)
Editor(s)
Abstract
Waste management is a challenging sector to govern. The sector involves the day-to-day delivery of services that are vital to protecting public health and the environment. Regular and reliable waste management services underpin quality of life in communities, and contributes to Armenia’s attractiveness as a place to live, work and invest in. Significant progress has been made in Armenia in recent years, with collection service nearing universal coverage of the population. A significant number of unauthorized waste disposal sites have been closed over the past few years. Still, in many areas, the waste sector in Armenia is not performing well enough when compared to the best international standards. This waste sector reform plan is intended to support Armenia in developing a road map for its solid waste management sector and to improve, expand and make waste management services more sustainable.
Link to Data Set
Citation
“World Bank. 2024. Armenia Waste Sector Reform Plan. © World Bank. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/42467 License: CC BY-NC 3.0 IGO.”
Associated URLs
Associated content
Other publications in this report series
Journal
Journal Volume
Journal Issue
Collections
Related items
Showing items related by metadata.
Publication Armenia SWM Sector Assessment and Reform Plan(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024-11-25)The present report presents an analysis of the waste management system of Gyumri city. It investigates the quantities of municipal waste generated and makes a projection of what would be the demand in the next 20-year period of time. It also provides a description of the solid waste management (SWM) system in place in terms of operations, infrastructure and facilities in place, institutional arrangements, and currents costs incurred and financing of the waste management system. Besides, this Report tries to provide a critical overview of the communal waste management sector in the city of Gyumri and outline specific areas for improvement. Four different scenarios of an improved waste management system are analyzed in the report. The analysis points to potential efficiency gains that could be achieved and presents the cost implications of improved waste operations. The report concludes with recommendations about the steps that could be undertaken by the city to improve the overall performance of the waste management system in the short- and medium-terms.Publication Armenia SWM Sector Assessment and Reform Plan(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024-11-25)This report presents an analysis of Yerevan's waste management system. It investigates the quantities of municipal waste generated and makes a projection what would be the waste generation in the next 20-year period of time. It also provides a description of the solid waste management (SWM) system in place in terms of operations, infrastructure, and facilities in place, institutional arrangements, current costs incurred, and financing of the waste management system. Besides, this Report tries to provide a critical overview of the municipal waste management sector in Yerevan and outline specific areas for improvement. Four different scenarios of an improved waste management system are analyzed in the report. The analysis points to potential efficiency gains that could be achieved and presents the cost implications of improved waste operations. The report concludes with recommendations about the steps that could be undertaken by the city to improve the overall performance of the waste management system in the short- and medium terms.Publication Armenia SWM Sector Assessment and Reform Plan(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024-12-19)Waste management is a challenging sector to govern. The sector involves the day-to-day delivery of services that are vital to protecting public health and the environment. Regular and reliable waste management services underpin quality of life in municipalities, and contributes to Armenia’s attractiveness as a place to live, work and invest in. Integrated waste management comprises complex and inter-linked services, from cleaning of public spaces, collection and transfer, and recovery and disposal. Waste is highly diverse in nature and composition. Most products purchased and consumed will eventually give rise to waste of some kind, from municipal solid waste (generated from households, commercial, and institutional sources), to construction and demolition waste, end of life vehicles, health care waste, batteries, and electronic waste. Significant progress has been made in Armenia in recent years, with collection service nearing universal coverage of the population. A significant number of unauthorized waste disposal sites have been closed over the past few years. Still, in many areas, the waste sector in Armenia is not performing well enough when compared to the best international standards. This sector assessment report provides a critical overview of the municipal waste management sector in the country and identifies specific areas for improvement.Publication Armenia SWM Sector Assessment and Reform Plan(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024-05-01)This report presents an analysis of the waste management system of Hrazdan Community. It investigates the quantities of municipal waste generated and makes a projection what would be the waste generation in the next 20-year period of time. It also provides a description of the solid waste management (SWM) system in place in terms of operations, infrastructure and facilities in place, institutional arrangements, currents costs incurred and financing of the waste management system. Besides, this report tries to provide a critical overview of the municipal waste management sector in Hrazdan Community and outline specific areas for improvement. Three different scenarios of an improved waste management system are analyzed in the report. The analysis points to potential efficiency gains that could be achieved and presents the cost implications of improved waste operations. The report concludes with recommendations about the steps that could be undertaken by the community to improve the overall performance of the waste management system in the short- and medium-terms.Publication The Future of Water in African Cities : Why Waste Water? Integrating Urban Planning and Water Management in Sub-Saharan Africa, Background Report(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2012-01)This paper is one of a series of analytical studies commissioned by the World Bank's Africa Region and Water Anchor which are intended to identify and address the future challenges of urban water supply, sanitation and flood management in Sub-Saharan Africa's (SSA) cities and towns. Following the terms of reference for the assignment, and as indicated by its title, the paper is directed at understanding and describing the linkages and interdependencies between water management and water security on the one hand, and urbanization, urban planning and development on the other. The paper is structured in six sections. Section one presents an overview of urbanization trends in SSA. This is followed by a discussion in Section two of what can be seen as the corollary of the unprecedented urban population growth now occurring and projected for SSA, large-scale urban expansion, involving potentially massive increases in urban land cover. This expansion has implications, also discussed in section two, for the internal structuring of African cities and towns, and for the planning and development of the overall urban form which is resulting, as well as for the environmental risks cities and towns face now and into the future. This 'poor urban planning' in the present-day has its roots in the inherited practices of colonial-era planning theories and practices, which are described in section three. These still resonate, as discussed in section four, which discusses key constituent aspects of contemporary planning systems in Africa, as illustrated by a number of case studies. In section five, the focus shifts to the current institutional experience with urban water management, again with a number of good practice cases provided. The author then turn in the concluding section seven to the key concern of this issues paper: that of integrating urban planning and water management as the Integrated Urban Water Management (IUWM) approach emerges- or, perhaps to put it better, of finding ways in which such integration can promote the emergence of IUWM. This is a necessary but difficult task, complicated by the reality that, as seen in the quote above, IUWM requires quite considerable coordination within the water sector alone. Moreover, our preceding analysis demonstrates, and this is the core argument of this paper, that seen from the side of the overall urban planning system, the deficiencies, decline and the delegitimizing of the 'traditional' planning system and practices in SSA, and the theory which underpins them, along with the failure to modernize them in a consistent fashion, has led, if anything, to greater fragmentation in the planning and managing of urban development. Land use planning and infrastructure (and other sector) planning, including water, typically occur in an uncoordinated fashion. This makes planning adequately for large-scale urban growth and expansion that much more difficult.
Users also downloaded
Showing related downloaded files
Publication Classroom Assessment to Support Foundational Literacy(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2025-03-21)This document focuses primarily on how classroom assessment activities can measure students’ literacy skills as they progress along a learning trajectory towards reading fluently and with comprehension by the end of primary school grades. The document addresses considerations regarding the design and implementation of early grade reading classroom assessment, provides examples of assessment activities from a variety of countries and contexts, and discusses the importance of incorporating classroom assessment practices into teacher training and professional development opportunities for teachers. The structure of the document is as follows. The first section presents definitions and addresses basic questions on classroom assessment. Section 2 covers the intersection between assessment and early grade reading by discussing how learning assessment can measure early grade reading skills following the reading learning trajectory. Section 3 compares some of the most common early grade literacy assessment tools with respect to the early grade reading skills and developmental phases. Section 4 of the document addresses teacher training considerations in developing, scoring, and using early grade reading assessment. Additional issues in assessing reading skills in the classroom and using assessment results to improve teaching and learning are reviewed in section 5. Throughout the document, country cases are presented to demonstrate how assessment activities can be implemented in the classroom in different contexts.Publication Supporting Youth at Risk(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2008)The World Bank has produced this policy Toolkit in response to a growing demand from our government clients and partners for advice on how to create and implement effective policies for at-risk youth. The author has highlighted 22 policies (six core policies, nine promising policies, and seven general policies) that have been effective in addressing the following five key risk areas for young people around the world: (i) youth unemployment, underemployment, and lack of formal sector employment; (ii) early school leaving; (iii) risky sexual behavior leading to early childbearing and HIV/AIDS; (iv) crime and violence; and (v) substance abuse. The objective of this Toolkit is to serve as a practical guide for policy makers in middle-income countries as well as professionals working within the area of youth development on how to develop and implement an effective policy portfolio to foster healthy and positive youth development.Publication Europe and Central Asia Economic Update, Fall 2024: Better Education for Stronger Growth(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024-10-17)Economic growth in Europe and Central Asia (ECA) is likely to moderate from 3.5 percent in 2023 to 3.3 percent this year. This is significantly weaker than the 4.1 percent average growth in 2000-19. Growth this year is driven by expansionary fiscal policies and strong private consumption. External demand is less favorable because of weak economic expansion in major trading partners, like the European Union. Growth is likely to slow further in 2025, mostly because of the easing of expansion in the Russian Federation and Turkiye. This Europe and Central Asia Economic Update calls for a major overhaul of education systems across the region, particularly higher education, to unleash the talent needed to reinvigorate growth and boost convergence with high-income countries. Universities in the region suffer from poor management, outdated curricula, and inadequate funding and infrastructure. A mismatch between graduates' skills and the skills employers are seeking leads to wasted potential and contributes to the region's brain drain. Reversing the decline in the quality of education will require prioritizing improvements in teacher training, updated curricula, and investment in educational infrastructure. In higher education, reforms are needed to consolidate university systems, integrate them with research centers, and provide reskilling opportunities for adult workers.Publication World Development Report 2011(World Bank, 2011)The 2011 World development report looks across disciplines and experiences drawn from around the world to offer some ideas and practical recommendations on how to move beyond conflict and fragility and secure development. The key messages are important for all countries-low, middle, and high income-as well as for regional and global institutions: first, institutional legitimacy is the key to stability. When state institutions do not adequately protect citizens, guard against corruption, or provide access to justice; when markets do not provide job opportunities; or when communities have lost social cohesion-the likelihood of violent conflict increases. Second, investing in citizen security, justice, and jobs is essential to reducing violence. But there are major structural gaps in our collective capabilities to support these areas. Third, confronting this challenge effectively means that institutions need to change. International agencies and partners from other countries must adapt procedures so they can respond with agility and speed, a longer-term perspective, and greater staying power. Fourth, need to adopt a layered approach. Some problems can be addressed at the country level, but others need to be addressed at a regional level, such as developing markets that integrate insecure areas and pooling resources for building capacity Fifth, in adopting these approaches, need to be aware that the global landscape is changing. Regional institutions and middle income countries are playing a larger role. This means should pay more attention to south-south and south-north exchanges, and to the recent transition experiences of middle income countries.Publication World Development Report 1987(New York: Oxford University Press, 1987)This report, consisting of two parts, is the tenth in the annual series assessing development issues. Part I reviews recent trends in the world economy and their implications for the future prospects of developing countries. It stresses that better economic performance is possible in both industrial and developing countries, provided the commitment to economic policy reforms is maintained and reinforced. In regard to the external debt issues, the report argues for strengthened cooperation among industrial countries in the sphere of macroeconomic policy to promote smooth adjustment to the imbalances caused by external payments (in developing countries). Part II reviews and evaluates the varied experience with government policies in support of industrialization. Emphasis is placed on policies which affect both the efficiency and sustainability of industrial transformation, especially in the sphere of foreign trade. The report finds that developing countries which followed policies that promoted the integration of their industrial sector into the international economy through trade have fared better than those which insulated themselves from international competition.