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Pharmaceuticals in Latin America and the Caribbean: Players, Access, and Innovation Across Diverse Models

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dc.contributor.authorVargas, Veronica
dc.contributor.authorRama, Martin
dc.contributor.authorSingh, Rucheta
dc.date.accessioned2022-01-24T20:35:35Z
dc.date.available2022-01-24T20:35:35Z
dc.date.issued2022-01-03
dc.description.abstractPharmaceutical products have contributed to longer life expectancy and better quality of life in Latin America and the Caribbean. However, they often account for a significant share of household expenditures, especially among the poor and those facing catastrophic health shocks. And they are not always accessible, as dramatically exposed by the Covid-19 pandemic. This mixed record can be linked to the workings of the pharmaceutical sector, an issue that has not received much attention in policy discussions. This paper identifies the sector’s key domestic and foreign players, and analyzes its local output, international trade, and price levels. It also documents government policies, including intellectual property rights, regulatory oversight, and public procurement. An important contribution of the paper is to show the significant scientific capacity of the region, especially in relation to biological products - including vaccines - whose intrinsic heterogeneity challenges intellectual property rights protection. Based on this diagnosis, the paper flags three sets of issues for policy makers to consider. Relatively uncontroversial measures include strengthening regulatory authorities, promoting the use of generics, and upgrading public procurement. Other areas, such as supporting R and D and regulating prices, involve tradeoffs. Finally, there are strategic choices to be made, with some countries in the region favoring stringent intellectual property rights, while others support national champions or rely on state entrepreneurship.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/undefined/766131641877985994/Pharmaceuticals-in-Latin-America-and-the-Caribbean-Players-Access-and-Innovation-Across-Diverse-Models
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/36871
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/36871
dc.languageEnglish
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo
dc.subjectPHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY
dc.subjectINTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS
dc.subjectREGULATORY OVERSIGHT
dc.subjectPUBLIC PROCUREMENT
dc.subjectSCIENTIFIC CAPACITY
dc.subjectPHARMACEUTICAL TRADE
dc.titlePharmaceuticals in Latin America and the Caribbeanen
dc.title.subtitlePlayers, Access, and Innovation Across Diverse Modelsen
dc.typeWorking Paperen
dc.typeDocument de travailfr
dc.typeDocumento de trabajoes
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.associatedcontenthttps://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/34602 The Cost of Staying Healthyen
okr.crossref.titlePharmaceuticals in Latin America and the Caribbean
okr.date.disclosure2022-01-11
okr.date.doiregistration2025-05-05T12:33:59.200027Z
okr.date.lastmodified2022-01-11T00:00:00Zen
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Working Paper
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/undefined/766131641877985994/Pharmaceuticals-in-Latin-America-and-the-Caribbean-Players-Access-and-Innovation-Across-Diverse-Models
okr.guid766131641877985994
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum090224b088c75cbc_1_0
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum33701072
okr.identifier.report167806
okr.importedtrueen
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/766131641877985994/pdf/Pharmaceuticals-in-Latin-America-and-the-Caribbean-Players-Access-and-Innovation-Across-Diverse-Models.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeLatin America & Caribbean
okr.region.geographicalCaribbean
okr.region.geographicalLatin America
okr.topicHealth, Nutrition and Population::Pharmaceuticals & Pharmacoeconomics
okr.topicHealth, Nutrition and Population::Public Health Promotion
okr.unitLatin America and Caribbean Region
relation.isAuthorOfPublication10ae4f7d-00f2-5094-bedc-333c3ad8abe7
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery10ae4f7d-00f2-5094-bedc-333c3ad8abe7
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