Publication:
Promoting Women's Economic Empowerment : What Works?

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dc.contributor.authorBuvinic, Mayra
dc.contributor.authorFurst-Nichols, Rebecca
dc.date.accessioned2014-12-03T19:52:08Z
dc.date.available2014-12-03T19:52:08Z
dc.date.issued2014-11
dc.description.abstractA review of rigorous evaluations of interventions that seek to empower women economically shows that the same class of interventions has significantly different outcomes depending on the client. Capital alone, as a small cash loan or grant, is not sufficient to grow women-owned subsistence-level firms. However, it can work if it is delivered in-kind to more successful women microentrepreneurs, and it should boost the performance of women's larger-sized SMEs. Very poor women need a more intensive package of services than do less poor women to break out of subsistence production and grow their businesses. What works for young women does not necessarily work for adult women. Skills training, job search assistance, internships, and wage subsidies increase the employment levels of adult women but do not raise wages. However, similar interventions increase young women's employability and earnings if social restrictions are not binding. Women who run subsistence-level firms face additional social constraints when compared to similar men, thus explaining the differences in the outcomes of some loans, grants, and training interventions that favor men. Social constraints may also play a role in explaining women's outcome gains that are short-lasting or emerge with a delay. The good news is that many of the additional constraints that women face can be overcome by simple, inexpensive adjustments in program design that lessen family and social pressures. These include providing capital in-kind or transacted through the privacy of a mobile phone and providing secure savings accounts to nudge women to keep the money in the business rather than to divert it to non-business uses.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/11/20346367/promoting-womens-economic-empowerment-works
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-7087
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/20629
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank Group, Washington, DC
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research Working Paper;No. 7087
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectACCESS TO CREDIT
dc.subjectACCESS TO LOANS
dc.subjectACCOUNTING
dc.subjectACCOUNTING PRACTICES
dc.subjectADOLESCENT GIRLS
dc.subjectADULT WOMEN
dc.subjectAGE GROUPS
dc.subjectATM
dc.subjectATM CARDS
dc.subjectATTRITION
dc.subjectAUTONOMY
dc.subjectAVERAGE WAGES
dc.subjectBANK ACCOUNT
dc.subjectBANK ACCOUNTS
dc.subjectBANKS
dc.subjectBARGAINING
dc.subjectBARGAINING POWER
dc.subjectBASIC LITERACY
dc.subjectBENEFICIARIES
dc.subjectBENEFICIARY
dc.subjectBORROWING
dc.subjectBUSINESS DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectBUSINESS PROFITABILITY
dc.subjectBUSINESS TRAINING
dc.subjectCASH TRANSFER
dc.subjectCASH TRANSFERS
dc.subjectCHILD CARE
dc.subjectCLASSROOM
dc.subjectCLASSROOM TRAINING
dc.subjectCONTRIBUTION
dc.subjectCREDIT ACCESS
dc.subjectDEBT
dc.subjectDECISION MAKING
dc.subjectDELIVERY MECHANISMS
dc.subjectDEPOSIT
dc.subjectDEPOSITS
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT BANK
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
dc.subjectDISCRIMINATION
dc.subjectDISPLACEMENT
dc.subjectEARNINGS
dc.subjectEARNINGS OF WOMEN
dc.subjectECONOMIC COSTS
dc.subjectECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIC SHOCK
dc.subjectECONOMICS
dc.subjectENROLLMENT
dc.subjectENTREPRENEURIAL SKILLS
dc.subjectENTREPRENEURSHIP
dc.subjectEXCHANGE RATES
dc.subjectFAMILY MEMBERS
dc.subjectFEMALE ENTREPRENEURS
dc.subjectFEMALE PARTICIPANTS
dc.subjectFEMALE-OWNED BUSINESSES
dc.subjectFINANCIAL GOAL
dc.subjectFINANCIAL INCENTIVES
dc.subjectFINANCIAL LITERACY
dc.subjectFINANCIAL PRODUCTS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SERVICES
dc.subjectFINANCIAL STUDIES
dc.subjectFINANCIAL TRANSACTIONS
dc.subjectGENDER
dc.subjectGENDER DIFFERENCES
dc.subjectGENDER EQUALITY
dc.subjectGENDER GAPS
dc.subjectGENDER NORMS
dc.subjectGENDER SEGREGATION
dc.subjectGIRLS
dc.subjectGROWTH OF WOMEN
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURES
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD EXPENSES
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD FINANCES
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD INCOME
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD INCOMES
dc.subjectHOUSEWIVES
dc.subjectHUMAN CAPITAL
dc.subjectINCENTIVES TO SAVE
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINCOME DISTRIBUTION
dc.subjectINCOME LEVELS
dc.subjectINDIVIDUAL ACCOUNTS
dc.subjectINNOVATIONS
dc.subjectINTERVENTIONS
dc.subjectINVENTORY
dc.subjectINVESTMENT CHOICE
dc.subjectINVESTMENT DECISIONS
dc.subjectJOB SEARCH
dc.subjectJOB SEARCH ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectJOB TRAINING
dc.subjectKNOWLEDGE GAPS
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET POLICIES
dc.subjectLABOR RELATIONS
dc.subjectLABOR SUPPLY
dc.subjectLABOUR
dc.subjectLARGE FIRMS
dc.subjectLEARNING
dc.subjectLIABILITY
dc.subjectLIFE SKILLS
dc.subjectLITERACY CLASSES
dc.subjectLOAN
dc.subjectLOAN PRODUCTS
dc.subjectLOCAL GOVERNMENT
dc.subjectLOCAL GOVERNMENTS
dc.subjectLOW COST
dc.subjectLOW-INCOME
dc.subjectLOWER INCOMES
dc.subjectMARKET ENTRY
dc.subjectMARRIED COUPLES
dc.subjectMARRIED MEN
dc.subjectMARRIED WOMEN
dc.subjectMICROFINANCE
dc.subjectMINIMUM WAGE
dc.subjectMONTHLY INCOMES
dc.subjectNET SAVINGS
dc.subjectNUMERACY
dc.subjectOCCUPATIONAL TRAINING
dc.subjectOCCUPATIONS
dc.subjectORPHANS
dc.subjectPENALTIES
dc.subjectPERSONAL SAVINGS
dc.subjectPERSONALITY
dc.subjectPERSONALITY TRAITS
dc.subjectPOOR WOMEN
dc.subjectPROBABILITIES
dc.subjectPROBABILITY
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectREPAYMENT
dc.subjectRIGHTS FOR WOMEN
dc.subjectRISK AVERSION
dc.subjectRISK TAKING
dc.subjectRURAL WOMEN
dc.subjectSALARY
dc.subjectSALES
dc.subjectSAVINGS
dc.subjectSAVINGS ACCOUNT
dc.subjectSAVINGS ACCOUNTS
dc.subjectSAVINGS GOAL
dc.subjectSECONDARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectSELF-EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectSENIOR
dc.subjectSEXES
dc.subjectSEXUAL BEHAVIOR
dc.subjectSKILLS TRAINING
dc.subjectSMALL BUSINESSES
dc.subjectSMALL LOAN
dc.subjectSOCIAL PROTECTION
dc.subjectTECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectTECHNICAL SKILLS
dc.subjectTEMPORARY EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectTRAINING COURSES
dc.subjectTRAINING PROGRAM
dc.subjectTRAINING PROGRAMS
dc.subjectTRANSACTION
dc.subjectTRANSACTION COSTS
dc.subjectTRANSITION ECONOMIES
dc.subjectTRANSPORT
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYED
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYED PEOPLE
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYED WORKERS
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS
dc.subjectUNITED NATIONS
dc.subjectURBAN WOMEN
dc.subjectVALUABLE
dc.subjectVOCATIONAL EDUCATION
dc.subjectVOCATIONAL TRAINING
dc.subjectWAGE
dc.subjectWAGE GAP
dc.subjectWAGE SUBSIDIES
dc.subjectWAGES
dc.subjectWITHDRAWAL
dc.subjectWOMEN ENTREPRENEURS
dc.subjectWOMEN FARMERS
dc.subjectWOMEN IN BUSINESS
dc.subjectWORK EXPERIENCE
dc.subjectWORK HOURS
dc.subjectWORKING WOMEN
dc.subjectYOUNG ADULTS
dc.subjectYOUNG PEOPLE
dc.subjectYOUNG WOMEN
dc.subjectYOUNGER PEOPLE
dc.subjectYOUNGER WORKERS
dc.subjectYOUTH
dc.subjectYOUTH EMPLOYMENT
dc.titlePromoting Women's Economic Empowerment : What Works?en
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.associatedcontenthttps://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/27699 Journal Article (version of record)
okr.crosscuttingsolutionareaGender
okr.crossref.titlePromoting Women's Economic Empowerment: What Works?
okr.date.disclosure2014-11-01
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-10T10:35:42.805402Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Policy Research Working Paper
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/11/20346367/promoting-womens-economic-empowerment-works
okr.globalpracticeFinance and Markets
okr.globalpracticeEducation
okr.globalpracticeSocial Protection and Labor
okr.guid864621468337180679
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-7087
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000158349_20141104112018
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum20346367
okr.identifier.reportWPS7087
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2014/11/04/000158349_20141104112018/Rendered/PDF/WPS7087.pdfen
okr.topicGender::Gender and Development
okr.topicBanks and Banking Reform
okr.topicSocial Protections and Labor::Labor Policies
okr.topicEducation::Primary Education
okr.topicFinance and Financial Sector Development::Financial Literacy
okr.unitDevelopment Policy Department, Development Economics Vice Presidency
relation.isSeriesOfPublication26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
relation.isSeriesOfPublication.latestForDiscovery26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
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