Publication:
Bhutan : Transport Sector Note

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dc.contributor.authorWorld Bank
dc.date.accessioned2013-09-05T22:01:19Z
dc.date.available2013-09-05T22:01:19Z
dc.date.issued2004-08-16
dc.description.abstractLandlocked Bhutan faces unique challenges, and opportunities as it pursues the development of its transport sector into the 21st century. Bhutan's population growth rate is high, rural-urban migration is accelerating, and, fueled by sustained economic growth, the country is urbanizing rapidly, giving rise to an expanding urban middle class, with rising expectations of well-paid employment, accessible services, and consumption potential. However, accessibility to a large measure depends on availability of reliable, and affordable transportation. Poor rural access is synonymous with rural isolation, and poverty, while high external and domestic transport costs constrain the country's economic and social development. Transportation poses a considerable cost disadvantage to business and commercial undertakings; road transport is slow and regularly disrupted by landslides and flooding; air transport is costly and erratic. Costly transport is a major factor constraining the development of tourism, horticultural exports, and agro-processing and wood-based industries. Sector issues discussed in this report emerge from a detailed assessment of the transport system, and an analysis of public expenditures. It discusses the strategy for improving rural accessibility, and the central role of roads, and motorized transport for integrating remote regions and communities into the national economy; access to regional and global markets, to include technical support for development, operation, and management of transport logistics, establishment of a dry port in Phuentsholing with reefer storage facilities, and, internationally competitive Druk air cargo rates, especially for exports of perishable, and high value agricultural products; transport sector planning and coordination, which includes specific policy, planning, and investment recommendations for roads, air transport, urban transport, and road transport services. It is recommended to consider recasting the proposed Transport Master Plan as a National Transport Strategy and Policy Review to identify and analyze emerging challenges, and constraints in the transport sector; recommend appropriate strategies, and policies to address these concerns; and, prepare an implementation plan for sector modernization, including policy and institutional reforms.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2004/08/5172911/bhutan-transport-sector-note
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/15695
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/15695
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWashington, DC
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectTRANSPORT SECTOR
dc.subjectACCESSIBLE SERVICES
dc.subjectRURAL POVERTY
dc.subjectDEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS
dc.subjectLAND LOCKED DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectRURAL-URBAN MIGRATIONS
dc.subjectURBAN EXPANSION
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT CREATION
dc.subjectCONSUMPTION GROWTH
dc.subjectSOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectTRANSPORTATION ECONOMICS
dc.subjectTRANSPORTATION COSTS
dc.subjectROAD TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
dc.subjectTRANSPORT SYSTEMS
dc.subjectINTEGRATED REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectMARKET ACCESS
dc.subjectTECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectTRANSPORT MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectTRANSPORT PLANNING
dc.subjectTRANSPORT POLICY
dc.subjectAIR TRANSPORT
dc.subjectAIR CARGO RATES
dc.subjectPORT FACILITIES
dc.subjectURBAN TRANSPORT
dc.subjectROAD USER CHARGES
dc.subjectSTRATEGIC PLANNING
dc.subjectPOLICY FRAMEWORK
dc.subjectPOLICY REFORM
dc.subjectINSTITUTIONAL REFORM
dc.subjectACCESS ROADS
dc.subjectACCESS TO MARKETS
dc.subjectACCIDENTS
dc.subjectACCOUNTING
dc.subjectADB
dc.subjectAGRICULTURE
dc.subjectAPPRAISAL OF TRANSPORT
dc.subjectASPHALT
dc.subjectASSET MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectASSETS
dc.subjectBITUMEN
dc.subjectBOTTLENECKS
dc.subjectBRIDGE
dc.subjectBRIDGE WIDENING
dc.subjectBUS SERVICES
dc.subjectBUSES
dc.subjectCARGO
dc.subjectCOMMERCIAL VEHICLES
dc.subjectCONCRETE
dc.subjectDEPRECIATION
dc.subjectDISTRICT ROADS
dc.subjectDRAINAGE
dc.subjectDRIVER EDUCATION
dc.subjectEARTHWORKS
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectEROSION
dc.subjectEXCAVATORS
dc.subjectFACE VALUE
dc.subjectFARM ROADS
dc.subjectFATALITIES
dc.subjectFEEDER ROADS
dc.subjectFISCAL YEAR
dc.subjectFIXED COSTS
dc.subjectFLOODING
dc.subjectFOOTBRIDGES
dc.subjectFOREST ROADS
dc.subjectFRAMEWORK
dc.subjectFREIGHT
dc.subjectFUEL
dc.subjectGRADIENTS
dc.subjectHAULAGE
dc.subjectHIGHWAY DESIGN
dc.subjectHIGHWAYS
dc.subjectHOUSING
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL ROUGHNESS INDEX
dc.subjectINVENTORY
dc.subjectLABOR COSTS
dc.subjectLANDSLIDES
dc.subjectLEGAL FRAMEWORK
dc.subjectLEGISLATION
dc.subjectLIFE CYCLE COSTS
dc.subjectLOCAL CONTRACTORS
dc.subjectLORRIES
dc.subjectMIDDLE EAST
dc.subjectMIGRATION
dc.subjectMOTOR VEHICLE REGISTRATION
dc.subjectMOTORIZED TRANSPORT
dc.subjectNATIONAL ROADS
dc.subjectNAVIGATION
dc.subjectOPERATING RIGHTS
dc.subjectPASSENGER
dc.subjectPAVEMENT
dc.subjectPAVEMENTS
dc.subjectPAVERS
dc.subjectPEDESTRIANS
dc.subjectPOLICE
dc.subjectPORTS
dc.subjectPRIVATIZATION
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectPUBLIC EXPENDITURES
dc.subjectPUBLIC TRANSPORT
dc.subjectRECURRENT EXPENDITURES
dc.subjectRECYCLING
dc.subjectREORGANIZATION
dc.subjectRESURFACING
dc.subjectROAD BRIDGES
dc.subjectROAD CONSTRUCTION
dc.subjectROAD DENSITY
dc.subjectROAD EXPENDITURES
dc.subjectROAD IMPROVEMENT
dc.subjectROAD IMPROVEMENTS
dc.subjectROAD MAINTENANCE
dc.subjectROAD ROUGHNESS
dc.subjectROAD SAFETY
dc.subjectROAD SURFACE
dc.subjectROAD SYSTEM
dc.subjectROAD TRANSPORT
dc.subjectROAD USER CHARGES
dc.subjectROADS
dc.subjectROUGHNESS
dc.subjectROUTES
dc.subjectROUTINE MAINTENANCE
dc.subjectRURAL ACCESSIBILITY
dc.subjectRURAL COMMUNITIES
dc.subjectRURAL PEOPLE
dc.subjectRURAL POPULATION
dc.subjectRURAL TRANSPORT
dc.subjectSAND
dc.subjectSAVINGS
dc.subjectSOCIAL SERVICES
dc.subjectSTONE
dc.subjectSTRUCTURES
dc.subjectSUSPENSION BRIDGES
dc.subjectSUSTAINABILITY
dc.subjectTAXIS
dc.subjectTECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectTERRAIN
dc.subjectTIMBER
dc.subjectTOLLS
dc.subjectTOPOGRAPHY
dc.subjectTRACTORS
dc.subjectTRAFFIC
dc.subjectTRAFFIC GROWTH
dc.subjectTRAFFIC REGULATIONS
dc.subjectTRAFFIC VOLUMES
dc.subjectTRAILS
dc.subjectTRANSPORT
dc.subjectTRANSPORT AUTHORITY
dc.subjectTRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE
dc.subjectTRANSPORT PROJECTS
dc.subjectTRANSPORTATION
dc.subjectTRAVEL TIME
dc.subjectTRUCKS
dc.subjectTRUNK ROADS
dc.subjectURBAN DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectURBAN ROADS
dc.subjectURBAN TRANSPORT
dc.subjectURBANIZATION
dc.subjectVEHICLE OPERATING COSTS
dc.subjectVEHICLES
dc.subjectWAGES
dc.subjectWALKING TIME TRANSPORT SECTOR
dc.subjectACCESSIBLE SERVICES
dc.subjectRURAL POVERTY
dc.subjectDEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS
dc.subjectLAND LOCKED DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectRURAL-URBAN MIGRATIONS
dc.subjectURBAN EXPANSION
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT CREATION
dc.subjectCONSUMPTION GROWTH
dc.subjectSOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectTRANSPORTATION ECONOMICS
dc.subjectTRANSPORTATION COSTS
dc.subjectROAD TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
dc.subjectTRANSPORT SYSTEMS
dc.subjectINTEGRATED REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectMARKET ACCESS
dc.subjectTECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectTRANSPORT MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectTRANSPORT PLANNING
dc.subjectTRANSPORT POLICY
dc.subjectAIR TRANSPORT
dc.subjectAIR CARGO RATES
dc.subjectPORT FACILITIES
dc.subjectURBAN TRANSPORT
dc.subjectROAD USER CHARGES
dc.subjectSTRATEGIC PLANNING
dc.subjectPOLICY FRAMEWORK
dc.subjectPOLICY REFORM
dc.subjectINSTITUTIONAL REFORM
dc.titleBhutan : Transport Sector Noteen
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.date.doiregistration2025-05-07T08:57:19.834231Z
okr.doctypeEconomic & Sector Work::Other Infrastructure Study
okr.doctypeEconomic & Sector Work
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2004/08/5172911/bhutan-transport-sector-note
okr.globalpracticeSocial, Urban, Rural and Resilience
okr.globalpracticeGovernance
okr.globalpracticeTransport and ICT
okr.guid991421468742187735
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000012009_20041013101146
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum5172911
okr.identifier.report28522
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2004/10/13/000012009_20041013101146/Rendered/PDF/285220BHU.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeSouth Asia
okr.region.countryBhutan
okr.sectorTransportation :: General transportation sector
okr.topicTransport::Airports and Air Services
okr.topicBanks and Banking Reform
okr.topicUrban Transport
okr.topicRoads and Highways
okr.topicUrban Development::Municipal Financial Management
okr.unitEnergy (SASDE)
okr.volume1 of 1
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