Publication:
Stuck in the Middle? Human Capital Development and Economic Growth

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dc.contributor.authorJimenez, Emmanuel
dc.contributor.authorNguyen, Vy
dc.contributor.authorPatrinos, Harry Anthony
dc.date.accessioned2013-12-02T19:47:14Z
dc.date.available2013-12-02T19:47:14Z
dc.date.issued2012-11
dc.description.abstractThe challenge of sustaining economic growth over the long term is one that only a few countries have been able to surmount. Slowing momentum in countries like Malaysia and Thailand has led analysts and policy makers to consider what it would take to lift them out of middle-income status, where other countries have arguably become stuck. The paper examines the role of human capital formation in the quest to sustain economic growth in these two countries. It argues that a good education system is fundamental to equip workers with marketable skills. Malaysia and Thailand have successfully expanded access to schooling, but the quality of education remains an issue. Modern education systems should aim to provide universally-available quality education using the following policies: prioritize budgets to deliver quality and universally-available basic education before expanding higher levels of schooling; provide appropriate incentives and rewards to teachers; permit school autonomy and ensure accountability for results; invest in early childhood development; and consider implementing income-contingent loan financing schemes to expand higher education.en
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-6283
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/16334
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, D.C.
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research Working Paper;No.6283
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo
dc.subjectacademic achievement
dc.subjectacademic performance
dc.subjectaccess to children
dc.subjectAccess to education
dc.subjectaccess to higher education
dc.subjectaccess to schooling
dc.subjectaccess to university
dc.subjectadults
dc.subjectaverage score
dc.subjectbasic education
dc.subjectbasic skills
dc.subjectcareer
dc.subjectcivil service
dc.subjectcognitive skills
dc.subjectComparative Education
dc.subjectcurriculum
dc.subjectdisadvantaged children
dc.subjectearly childhood
dc.subjectearly childhood development
dc.subjectearly childhood education
dc.subjectEarly childhood interventions
dc.subjectearly education
dc.subjectEconomics of Education
dc.subjecteducated mothers
dc.subjecteducated people
dc.subjecteducated population
dc.subjectEducation Agenda
dc.subjectEducation Economics
dc.subjecteducation expenditures
dc.subjectEducation Experience
dc.subjectEducation Finance
dc.subjecteducation for all
dc.subjecteducation policies
dc.subjecteducation quality
dc.subjecteducation reforms
dc.subjecteducation services
dc.subjecteducation system
dc.subjecteducation systems
dc.subjectEducational Achievement
dc.subjectEducational Attainment
dc.subjecteducational development
dc.subjectEducational investments
dc.subjecteducational performance
dc.subjecteducational quality
dc.subjecteffective teaching
dc.subjectenrollment rates
dc.subjectequal access
dc.subjectexams
dc.subjectfunctional literacy
dc.subjectgeneric skills
dc.subjectGlobal Competitiveness
dc.subjectGlobal Competitiveness Report
dc.subjectgross enrollment
dc.subjectGross Enrollment Rate
dc.subjectgross enrollment rates
dc.subjecthigh quality education
dc.subjecthigh school
dc.subjecthigh school graduates
dc.subjecthigher education
dc.subjecthigher education enrollment
dc.subjectHigher Education Finance
dc.subjectHigher Education Funding
dc.subjecthigher education systems
dc.subjectHuman Capital
dc.subjecthuman capital formation
dc.subjectHuman Development
dc.subjecthuman resources
dc.subjectInclusion in Education
dc.subjectIncome Contingent Loans
dc.subjectincome-contingent
dc.subjectIncome-contingent loans
dc.subjectinstructors
dc.subjectinvestment in education
dc.subjectlabor force
dc.subjectlabor market demand
dc.subjectlearning
dc.subjectlearning outcomes
dc.subjectlet
dc.subjectlife expectancy
dc.subjectlife skills
dc.subjectliteracy
dc.subjectliterature
dc.subjectMath Education
dc.subjectmathematics
dc.subjectMinistry of Education
dc.subjectModern education
dc.subjectNational Education
dc.subjectNational Education Plan
dc.subjectNational Education Standards
dc.subjectnumeracy
dc.subjectoccupations
dc.subjectopen access
dc.subjectPapers
dc.subjectParent participation
dc.subjectparental education
dc.subjectParental participation
dc.subjectparticipation rates
dc.subjectperformance of students
dc.subjectprimary enrollments
dc.subjectprimary level
dc.subjectprimary levels
dc.subjectprimary school
dc.subjectPrimary school enrollment
dc.subjectprimary schooling
dc.subjectprimary systems
dc.subjectprivate schools
dc.subjectpublic expenditure
dc.subjectpublic funds
dc.subjectpublic schooling
dc.subjectqualified teachers
dc.subjectQuality Assessment
dc.subjectquality education
dc.subjectquality of education
dc.subjectquality standards
dc.subjectrates of return
dc.subjectreading
dc.subjectResearchers
dc.subjectreturn to education
dc.subjectreturns to education
dc.subjectrural areas
dc.subjectscholars
dc.subjectscholastic achievement
dc.subjectschool autonomy
dc.subjectschool boards
dc.subjectschool council
dc.subjectschool enrollment
dc.subjectschool finance
dc.subjectschool graduates
dc.subjectschool participation
dc.subjectSchool principals
dc.subjectschool quality
dc.subjectschool students
dc.subjectschooling access
dc.subjectSchooling Quality
dc.subjectschools
dc.subjectscience education
dc.subjectScience Study
dc.subjectSecondary Education
dc.subjectsecondary school
dc.subjectsecondary school students
dc.subjectsecondary students
dc.subjectskilled labor
dc.subjectskilled people
dc.subjectskilled workers
dc.subjectsocial benefits
dc.subjectsocial cohesion
dc.subjectstandardized tests
dc.subjectStudent Achievement
dc.subjectstudent aid
dc.subjectStudent Assessment
dc.subjectstudent interest
dc.subjectstudent loans
dc.subjectstudents in mathematics
dc.subjectteacher
dc.subjectteacher education
dc.subjectteacher education institutes
dc.subjectTeacher management
dc.subjectTeacher Quality
dc.subjectteacher shortage
dc.subjectteachers
dc.subjectteaching
dc.subjecttechnical skills
dc.subjecttertiary education
dc.subjecttertiary enrollment
dc.subjecttertiary enrollment rate
dc.subjecttertiary level
dc.subjecttertiary levels
dc.subjecttertiary systems
dc.subjecttest scores
dc.subjecttraining centers
dc.subjectuniversities
dc.subjectuniversity education
dc.subjectuniversity programs
dc.subjectvocational education
dc.subjectvocational training
dc.subjectyoung people
dc.titleStuck in the Middle? Human Capital Development and Economic Growthen
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crossref.titleStuck in the Middle? Human Capital Development and Economic Growth in Malaysia and Thailand
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-10T09:19:07.187535Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Policy Research Working Paper
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.globalpracticeEducation
okr.guid603811468049817155
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-6283
okr.identifier.reportWPS6283
okr.language.supporteden
okr.topicEducation
okr.unitDevelopment Research Group (DECRG)
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relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoveryc9e7c391-9af8-566a-8bb3-cc917745467c
relation.isSeriesOfPublication26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
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