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From Red to Gray : The "Third Transition" of Aging Populations in Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union

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dc.contributor.authorChawla, Mukesh
dc.contributor.authorBetcherman, Gordon
dc.contributor.authorBanerji, Arup
dc.contributor.otherBakilana, Anne M.
dc.contributor.otherFeher, Csaba
dc.contributor.otherMertaugh, Michael
dc.contributor.otherSanchez Puerta, Maria Laura
dc.contributor.otherSchwartz, Anita M.
dc.contributor.otherSondergaard, Lars
dc.contributor.otherBurns, Andrew
dc.date.accessioned2012-05-31T15:08:56Z
dc.date.available2012-05-31T15:08:56Z
dc.date.issued2007
dc.description.abstractThis report focuses on the challenges that the region's aging countries will now face in having to deal with multiple transitions. It argues that their task ahead, though uniquely daunting, is by no means impossible. Indeed, many of the potential problems can be addressed through sensible and thoughtful policies that can be enacted over the next few years. The only danger likely lies in complacency, in not being proactive in addressing the challenges. This report finds, first, that some of the concerns about aging in Eastern European and Former Soviet countries are probably misplaced. Second, the analysis in the report validates concerns about future fiscal strains in some of the region's aging countries, but finds that many of the drivers of higher future public expenditures are unrelated to aging. This report is particularly focused on the future-a future in the region that is critically dependent on actions that countries and societies take now, and over the next few years. The report sends two central messages, which are analyzed against the different patterns of aging across the region. Red light to green light: Growing older does not have to mean growing slower. Aging is not a stop sign for growth-if countries enact policies that boost productivity and labor force participation. Red ink to black ink: Waging sensible policies can ease aging's spending impact. The policies needed to manage much of the expected jump in public spending-especially the impacts on pensions and on health care-are well known. They need only to be enacted and implemented.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2007/01/8101813/red-gray-third-transition-aging-populations-eastern-europe-former-soviet-union
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/978-0-8213-7129-9
dc.identifier.isbn978-0-8213-7129-9
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/6741
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWashington, DC: World Bank
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo
dc.subjectACCESS TO CREDIT
dc.subjectADDITIONAL SAVINGS
dc.subjectADMINISTRATIVE COSTS
dc.subjectAVERAGE WAGE
dc.subjectBANKS
dc.subjectBENEFICIARIES
dc.subjectBIRTH RATES
dc.subjectBUSINESS CLIMATE
dc.subjectCALCULATIONS
dc.subjectCAPITAL MARKETS
dc.subjectCHANGE IN POPULATION
dc.subjectCHANGE IN POPULATION SIZE
dc.subjectCHILD CARE
dc.subjectCHILDBEARING
dc.subjectCHILDREN PER WOMAN
dc.subjectCITIZENS
dc.subjectCONSUMER
dc.subjectCONTRIBUTION
dc.subjectCONTRIBUTION PENSION SCHEMES
dc.subjectCONTRIBUTIONS
dc.subjectCURRENT ACCOUNT
dc.subjectCURRENT PENSION
dc.subjectDECLINES IN FERTILITY
dc.subjectDEFINED-CONTRIBUTION PENSION
dc.subjectDEMOCRACY
dc.subjectDEMOGRAPHERS
dc.subjectDEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE
dc.subjectDEMOGRAPHIC CHANGES
dc.subjectDEMOGRAPHIC PRESSURE
dc.subjectDEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE
dc.subjectDEMOGRAPHIC PROFILES
dc.subjectDEMOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
dc.subjectDEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION
dc.subjectDEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS
dc.subjectDEPENDENCY RATIO
dc.subjectDEPOSITS
dc.subjectDIRECT INVESTMENT
dc.subjectDISABILITY
dc.subjectDISSEMINATION
dc.subjectDIVORCE
dc.subjectEARLY RETIREMENT
dc.subjectEARNINGS
dc.subjectECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS
dc.subjectECONOMIC TRANSITION
dc.subjectEDUCATION SYSTEMS
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
dc.subjectELDERLY
dc.subjectELDERLY POPULATION
dc.subjectEXISTING POPULATION
dc.subjectFAMILY ALLOWANCES
dc.subjectFAMILY POLICIES
dc.subjectFEMALE LABOR FORCE
dc.subjectFEMALE LIFE EXPECTANCY
dc.subjectFERTILITY
dc.subjectFERTILITY DECLINES
dc.subjectFERTILITY RATE
dc.subjectFERTILITY RATES
dc.subjectFERTILITY TRANSITION
dc.subjectFINANCIAL AFFAIRS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL CRISIS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES
dc.subjectFINANCIAL MARKET
dc.subjectFINANCIAL MARKETS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL OPTIONS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL PRODUCTS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SECTOR
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SYSTEMS
dc.subjectFISCAL EFFORT
dc.subjectFISCAL PROBLEMS
dc.subjectFISCAL SUSTAINABILITY
dc.subjectFORCED SAVINGS
dc.subjectFUTURE GROWTH
dc.subjectGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
dc.subjectGROSS NATIONAL INCOME
dc.subjectHEALTH CARE
dc.subjectHIV
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SAVING
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SAVINGS
dc.subjectHUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS
dc.subjectIMMIGRATION
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINCOMES
dc.subjectINFLATION
dc.subjectINVESTING
dc.subjectINVESTMENT CLIMATES
dc.subjectJOB OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE
dc.subjectLABOR FORCES
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET TRANSITIONS
dc.subjectLABOR MARKETS
dc.subjectLABOR SHORTAGES
dc.subjectLABOR SUPPLY
dc.subjectLARGER FAMILIES
dc.subjectLEGAL STATUS
dc.subjectLEVEL OF EDUCATION
dc.subjectLEVELS OF FERTILITY
dc.subjectLIFE EXPECTANCIES
dc.subjectLIFE EXPECTANCY
dc.subjectLIFE SPAN
dc.subjectLIFELONG LEARNING
dc.subjectLIFETIME
dc.subjectLITERACY
dc.subjectLIVING STANDARDS
dc.subjectLONG-TERM CARE
dc.subjectLONG-TERM CARE POLICY
dc.subjectLONGER LIFE
dc.subjectMARITAL STATUS
dc.subjectMARKET CAPITALIZATION
dc.subjectMARKET ECONOMIES
dc.subjectMARKET ECONOMY
dc.subjectMATERNITY HOSPITALS
dc.subjectMATERNITY LEAVE
dc.subjectMATH
dc.subjectMATHEMATICS
dc.subjectMEDICAL CARE
dc.subjectMIGRANTS
dc.subjectMORTALITY
dc.subjectNATIONAL LEGISLATION
dc.subjectNEW JOBS
dc.subjectNUMBER OF CHILDREN
dc.subjectOLD-AGE
dc.subjectOLDER INDIVIDUALS
dc.subjectOLDER PEOPLE
dc.subjectOLDER WOMEN
dc.subjectOLDER WORKERS
dc.subjectOPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN
dc.subjectPARENTAL LEAVE
dc.subjectPENSION
dc.subjectPENSION BENEFITS
dc.subjectPENSION FUND
dc.subjectPENSION POLICIES
dc.subjectPENSION POLICY
dc.subjectPENSION REFORM
dc.subjectPENSION REFORMS
dc.subjectPENSION SPENDING
dc.subjectPENSION SYSTEM
dc.subjectPENSION SYSTEMS
dc.subjectPENSIONERS
dc.subjectPENSIONS
dc.subjectPOLICY IMPLICATIONS
dc.subjectPOLICY MAKERS
dc.subjectPOOR POPULATIONS
dc.subjectPOOR WOMEN
dc.subjectPOPULATION AGE STRUCTURE
dc.subjectPOPULATION CHANGE
dc.subjectPOPULATION DECLINE
dc.subjectPOPULATION DECLINES
dc.subjectPOPULATION DECREASES
dc.subjectPOPULATION DIVISION
dc.subjectPOPULATION ESTIMATES
dc.subjectPOPULATION FORECASTING
dc.subjectPOPULATION GROWTH
dc.subjectPOPULATION GROWTH RATES
dc.subjectPOPULATION PROJECTIONS
dc.subjectPOPULATION STRUCTURE
dc.subjectPOPULATION STRUCTURES
dc.subjectPREGNANT WOMEN
dc.subjectPRIMARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectPRIVATE PENSION
dc.subjectPRIVATE PENSIONS
dc.subjectPRIVATE SAVING
dc.subjectPRIVATE SAVINGS
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectPROGRESS
dc.subjectPROSPERITY
dc.subjectPUBLIC EXPENDITURE
dc.subjectPUBLIC EXPENDITURES
dc.subjectPUBLIC HEALTH
dc.subjectPUBLIC HOSPITALS
dc.subjectPUBLIC PENSION
dc.subjectPURCHASING POWER
dc.subjectPURCHASING POWER PARITY
dc.subjectRAPID GROWTH
dc.subjectRATE OF GROWTH
dc.subjectREAL ESTATE
dc.subjectRELATED COSTS
dc.subjectREMITTANCES
dc.subjectREPLACEMENT LEVEL
dc.subjectREPRODUCTIVE CHOICES
dc.subjectRESEARCH ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectRETIRED
dc.subjectRETIREMENT
dc.subjectRETIREMENT AGE
dc.subjectRETIREMENT AGES
dc.subjectREVERSE MORTGAGES
dc.subjectRISK PROFILES
dc.subjectSAVERS
dc.subjectSAVING BEHAVIOR
dc.subjectSAVINGS
dc.subjectSAVINGS ACCUMULATION
dc.subjectSAVINGS INSTRUMENTS
dc.subjectSCHOOL-AGE POPULATION
dc.subjectSCHOOL-AGE POPULATIONS
dc.subjectSECONDARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectSECURITIES
dc.subjectSIGNIFICANT POLICY
dc.subjectSOCIAL AFFAIRS
dc.subjectSOCIAL ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectSOCIAL POLICIES
dc.subjectSOCIAL PROTECTION
dc.subjectSOCIAL SECURITY
dc.subjectSOCIOECONOMIC STATUS
dc.subjectSTOCK MARKET
dc.subjectTAX BREAKS
dc.subjectTOTAL SAVINGS
dc.subjectTV
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT RATES
dc.subjectWAGE
dc.subjectWAGE GROWTH
dc.subjectWAGES
dc.subjectWOMAN
dc.subjectWORK HOURS
dc.subjectWORKING-AGE POPULATION
dc.subjectWORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
dc.subjectWORLD POPULATION
dc.subjectYOUNGER COHORTS
dc.subjectYOUNGER PEOPLE
dc.titleFrom Red to Gray : The "Third Transition" of Aging Populations in Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Unionen
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.date.disclosure2009-02-04
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Publication
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Publication
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2007/01/8101813/red-gray-third-transition-aging-populations-eastern-europe-former-soviet-union
okr.globalpracticeFinance and Markets
okr.globalpracticeTrade and Competitiveness
okr.globalpracticeHealth, Nutrition, and Population
okr.guid770511468032337003
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/978-0-8213-7129-9
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000020953_20070815160115
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum8101813
okr.identifier.report40532
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2007/08/15/000020953_20070815160115/Rendered/PDF/405320Red0to0g101OFFICIAL0USE0ONLY1.pdfen
okr.peerreviewAcademic Peer Review
okr.region.administrativeEurope and Central Asia
okr.topicHealth, Nutrition and Population::Population Policies
okr.topicHealth Monitoring and Evaluation
okr.topicBanks and Banking Reform
okr.topicPrivate Sector Development::Emerging Markets
okr.topicFinance and Financial Sector Development
okr.topicHealth, Nutrition and Population
okr.unitOffice of the Publisher (EXTOP)
okr.volume1 of 1
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationa1169ab7-18c2-57c3-99f9-39bef8c1e004
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoverya1169ab7-18c2-57c3-99f9-39bef8c1e004
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