Publication: Korea : Transition to a Knowledge-Based Economy
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2000-06-29
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2013-08-21
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The report reviews the economic transition in Korea, summarizing the challenge of the knowledge revolution, to the country's development strategy, and the analytical, and policy framework for a knowledge-based economy. It explores the needs to increase overall productivity, and areas of relative inefficiency, namely, inadequate conditions for generation of knowledge, and information; insufficient competition, and misallocation of investments. Furthermore, the increasingly global, and interdependent world, requires that Korea become inter-nationalized, and this involves: active participation, and leadership in international forums, particularly those setting rules for the new economy; developing alliances with world-class universities; and, active participation in global knowledge systems, and international telecommunications. Thus, the role of the Korean government will need to be redefined, unleashing the creative power of markets, providing legal and regulatory framework for more competitive markets, and fostering policies conducive to enterprise development, while addressing also, the risks of the "digital divide". The report identifies key areas for the government to move towards a comprehensive approach, where reforms are needed to prod: economic incentive, and institutional regime; education, training, and human resource management; information infrastructure; and, innovation systems.
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“World Bank. 2000. Korea : Transition to a Knowledge-Based Economy. © World Bank. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/15256 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO.”
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Publication Korea and the Knowledge-based Economy : Making the Transition(Washington, DC: World Bank and OECD, 2000-06)Knowledge is fast becoming a key factor in economic and social development worldwide. Rapid innovations in science, communications and computing technologies are opening up new opportunities for countries to harness knowledge and participate more fully in the global economy. Developing countries that successfully make the transition to the knowledge-based economy will have unprecedented possibilities to become more competitive in world markets and to participate in the global information society. New technologies can also extend the benefits of knowledge to all segments of society and help countries close the gap in living standards among their citizens. This book defines a knowledge-based economy as one where knowledge is created, acquired, transmitted and used effectively by enterprises, organizations, individuals and communities. It does not focus narrowly on high-technology industries or on information and communications technologies, but rather presents a framework for analyzing a range of policy options in education, information infrastructure and innovation systems that can help usher in the knowledge economy. It also makes the case for better co-ordination among the government, the private sector and civil society to enhance competitiveness and advance economic and social development.Publication Mexico's Transition to a Knowledge-Based Economy : Challenges and Opportunities(Washington, DC : World Bank, 2008)This book is about how Mexico can transform itself into a knowledge based economy by tapping into a number of existing socioeconomic advantages: macroeconomic stability, emerging regional enterprise clusters that combine local talent with a dynamic private sector, geographical proximity to the world's knowledge economy powerhouse-the United States, as well as a rich cultural base that generates a wealth of ideas. Mexico's transition to a knowledge-based economy provides a broad assessment of the country's readiness to join the global knowledge economy, highlighting the importance of education and institutional reform, and of creating an environment that is conducive to innovation. 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It is divided into three main sections: (a) a Strategic Review which integrates, and summarizes the most important findings, and policy recommendations for Government to consider; (b) the three in depth studies regarding Korea's transition towards a knowledge-based economy, and, (c) detailed annexes. Korea faces complex challenges in moving toward a knowledge-based economy, which will require inspired corporate strategies, and government policies. The three studies represent an important 'triad' of issues that constitute a core part of the foundation of Korea's knowledge economy: the deepening of technological knowledge at the firm-level; the intensification of the use of internet enabled services by firms; and, the educational implications for upgrading of the workforce. At the firm-level, further mastery of technological knowledge is essential for firms to move further 'upstream' from their base in manufacturing, towards higher value added activities based on research, development, and new product innovation. For each of these three themes (firm-level innovation, Internet enabled services, and educational reform), new empirical data are presented for understanding, and promoting knowledge-intensive economic progress. The Strategic Review summarizes several difficulties confronting government policy makers in the aim to promote advances towards knowledge intensive activities. These include the need to ensure: (a) that any new policies are consistent with existing policies designed to ensure good corporate governance, competition, and transparency; (b) that private sector, market-based mechanisms play their proper part in any upgrading efforts (i.e. training and consultancy providers); and, (c) that further evaluation of the scope, and effectiveness of existing policies in the three areas is carried out.Publication Japan, Moving Toward a More Advanced Knowledge Economy : Volume 1. Assessment and Lessons(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2006)These two volumes analyze Japan from the Knowledge Economy perspective, covering a wide range of sector issues in development including the macro economic framework, education and skills training, the national innovation system, science and technology, information and communication technology, and infrastructure. While Volume 1 explores the four pillars of the "Knowledge for Development" framework, the second volume presents up-to-date case studies of outstanding Japanese private companies that each characterize different aspects of the Knowledge Economy.Publication Korea as a Knowledge Economy : Evolutionary Process and Lessons Learned(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2007)This report on Korea is geared towards policy makers from developing countries that are in the midst of, or are intending to, embark on the transition towards the knowledge economy. It provides pragmatic policy lessons drawn from Korea's forty-five years of knowledge-based growth. This report not only looks at the current policies and challenges of today's high income Korea, but also reviews its historical economic development since the 1960s when Korea was still a low income country. It follows Korea through the decades as it undertook an array of knowledge strategies that propelled it through the various income levels. This report therefore provides compelling policy lessons that are relevant for developing countries at different stages of economic development.
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