Publication:
You Are What (and Where) You Eat: Capturing Food Away from Home in Welfare Measures

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dc.contributor.authorFarfan, Gabriela
dc.contributor.authorGenoni, Maria Eugenia
dc.contributor.authorVakis, Renos
dc.date.accessioned2015-06-01T22:28:27Z
dc.date.available2015-06-01T22:28:27Z
dc.date.issued2015-05
dc.description.abstractConsumption of food away from home is rapidly growing across the developing world. Surprisingly, the majority of household surveys around the world haven not kept up with its pace and still collect limited information on it. The implications for poverty and inequality measurement are far from clear, and the direction of the impact cannot be established a priori, since consumption of food away from home affects both food consumption and the poverty line. This paper exploits rich data on food away from home collected as part of the National Household Survey in Peru, shedding light to the extent to which welfare measures differ depending on whether they properly account for food away from home. Peru is a relevant context, with the average Peruvian household spending 28 percent of their food budget on food away from home by 2010. The analysis indicates that failure to account for the consumption of food away from home has important implications for poverty and inequality measures as well as the understanding of who the poor are. First, accounting for food away from home results in extreme poverty rates that are 18 percent higher and moderate poverty rates that are 16 percent lower. These results are also consistent, in fact more pronounced, with poverty gap and severity measures. Second, consumption inequality measured by the Gini coefficient decreases by 1.3 points when food away from home is included, a significant reduction. Finally, inclusion of food away from home results in a reclassification of households from poor to non-poor status and vice versa: 20 percent of the poor are different when the analysis includes consumption of food away from home. This effect is large enough that a standard poverty profile analysis results in significant differences between the poverty classification based on whether food away from home is included or not. The differences cover many dimensions, including demographics, education, and labor market characteristics. Taken together, the results indicate that a serious rethinking of how to deal with the consumption of food away from home in measuring well-being is urgently needed to properly estimate and understand poverty around the world.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/05/24442714/eat-capturing-food-away-home-welfare-measures
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-7257
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/21987
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research Working Paper;No. 7257
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectREGIONAL POVERTY LINES
dc.subjectLIVING STANDARDS
dc.subjectPOVERTY POVERTY
dc.subjectFOOD NEEDS
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SIZE
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SURVEY
dc.subjectPOVERTY LINE
dc.subjectIMPACT ON POVERTY
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectFOOD CONSUMPTION PATTERNS
dc.subjectFOOD CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectPOVERTY INDICES
dc.subjectPOVERTY RATES
dc.subjectPOVERTY ESTIMATES
dc.subjectNATIONAL POVERTY LINE
dc.subjectCONSUMPTION DATA
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectHOUSING
dc.subjectNATIONAL POVERTY
dc.subjectEXTREME POVERTY LINE
dc.subjectINEQUALITY REDUCTION
dc.subjectNON-FOOD ITEMS
dc.subjectPER-CAPITA INCOME
dc.subjectFOOD CONSUMPTION DATA
dc.subjectSOCIAL PROGRAMS
dc.subjectFOOD ENERGY
dc.subjectMEASURES
dc.subjectFOOD ENERGY INTAKE
dc.subjectWELFARE INDICATOR
dc.subjectREGION
dc.subjectPOVERTY REDUCTION
dc.subjectPREPARED FOODS
dc.subjectCONSUMPTION DISTRIBUTION
dc.subjectREGIONAL POVERTY
dc.subjectFOOD BASKET
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD HEAD
dc.subjectPOOR HOUSEHOLD
dc.subjectPOVERTY INDEXES
dc.subjectPOVERTY GAP
dc.subjectGEOGRAPHIC REGIONS
dc.subjectLIVING STANDARDS MEASUREMENT
dc.subjectSTANDARD ERRORS
dc.subjectNUTRITION NEEDS
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD INCOME
dc.subjectPOVERTY STATUS
dc.subjectPOOR INDIVIDUALS
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
dc.subjectFOOD EXPENDITURES
dc.subjectESCAPE’ POVERTY
dc.subjectCALORIE INTAKE
dc.subjectWELFARE INDICATORS
dc.subjectPOVERTY PROFILES
dc.subjectCHANGES IN POVERTY
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD MEMBERS
dc.subjectCONSUMPTION LEVEL
dc.subjectEXPENDITURE DATA
dc.subjectPOVERTY PROFILE
dc.subjectFOOD ITEMS
dc.subjectSTREET FOODS
dc.subjectRELATIVE POVERTY LINE
dc.subjectCA
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT RESEARCH
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD LEVEL
dc.subjectPOVERTY LINES
dc.subjectCONSUMPTION
dc.subjectFOOD SECURITY
dc.subjectUNDERSTANDING OF POVERTY
dc.subjectPOVERTY INDEX
dc.subjectRUNNING WATER
dc.subjectACCESS TO FACILITIES
dc.subjectREDUCTION IN POVERTY
dc.subjectPOVERTY MEASUREMENT
dc.subjectBASIC NEEDS
dc.subjectINDIVIDUAL POVERTY
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT ISSUES
dc.subjectMEAN INCOME
dc.subjectNON-FOOD NEEDS
dc.subjectGEOGRAPHIC REGION
dc.subjectCONSUMPTION MEASURE
dc.subjectABSOLUTE POVERTY
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD
dc.subjectAGRICULTURE
dc.subjectFOOD SHORTAGE
dc.subjectRURAL
dc.subjectPRICE INFORMATION
dc.subjectNUTRITION
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD BUDGET
dc.subjectFOOD
dc.subjectPOVERTY SEVERITY
dc.subjectSCHOOL FEEDING
dc.subjectPOVERTY INDICATORS
dc.subjectFOOD_CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectPOOR POPULATION
dc.subjectFOOD BASKETS
dc.subjectWELFARE MEASURES
dc.subjectFOOD SHARE
dc.subjectCALORIE CONTENT
dc.subjectFOOD INTAKE
dc.subjectREGIONS
dc.subjectEXTREME POVERTY
dc.subjectCONSUMPTION PATTERNS
dc.subjectACCESS TO SERVICES
dc.subjectABSOLUTE POVERTY LINE
dc.subjectRURAL AREAS
dc.subjectPOVERTY
dc.subjectBASIC NEEDS METHOD
dc.subjectPOOR POPULATIONS
dc.subjectABSOLUTE TERMS
dc.subjectRESTAURANTS
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectMEAL
dc.subjectNUTRITIONAL COMPOSITION
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURES
dc.subjectPOLICY RESEARCH
dc.subjectPOVERTY RATE
dc.subjectPOOR
dc.subjectWELFARE MEASURE
dc.subjectINDIVIDUAL LEVEL
dc.subjectOFFICIAL POVERTY
dc.subjectFOODS
dc.subjectEXPENDITURE DISTRIBUTION
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURE
dc.subjectFOOD ITEM
dc.subjectCOST OF FOOD
dc.subjectDEMOGRAPHIC COMPOSITION
dc.subjectPOVERTY ANALYSIS
dc.subjectINEQUALITY
dc.subjectPOOR HOUSEHOLDS
dc.titleYou Are What (and Where) You Eaten
dc.title.subtitleCapturing Food Away from Home in Welfare Measuresen
dc.typeWorking Paperen
dc.typeDocument de travailfr
dc.typeDocumento de trabajoes
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.associatedcontenthttps://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/29169 Accepted journal manuscript
okr.crossref.titleYou are What (and Where) You Eat: Capturing Food Away from Home in Welfare Measures
okr.date.disclosure2015-05-05
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-10T10:33:47.707408Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Policy Research Working Paper
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/05/24442714/eat-capturing-food-away-home-welfare-measures
okr.globalpracticePoverty
okr.guid269121467991958460
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-7257
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum090224b082e42633_2_0
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum24442714
okr.identifier.reportWPS7257
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2015/05/05/090224b082e42633/2_0/Rendered/PDF/You0are0what0000in0welfare0measures.pdfen
okr.region.countryPeru
okr.topicIndustry::Food & Beverage Industry
okr.topicMacroeconomics and Economic Growth::Regional Economic Development
okr.topicPoverty Reduction::Poverty Lines
okr.topicPoverty Reduction::Rural Poverty Reduction
okr.unitSurveys and Methods Team, Development Research Group; and the Poverty Global Practice Group
relation.isAuthorOfPublication67ecac67-506a-57af-bdc9-ce6115e18157
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationdf9fc562-f981-533f-9b03-cceeb91e5d9c
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery67ecac67-506a-57af-bdc9-ce6115e18157
relation.isSeriesOfPublication26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
relation.isSeriesOfPublication.latestForDiscovery26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
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