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The Valuation of Flexible Work Arrangements: Insights from a Discrete Choice Experiment in Malaysia

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dc.contributor.authorGhorpade, Yashodhan
dc.contributor.authorJasmin, Alyssa
dc.contributor.authorAbdur Rahman, Amanina
dc.date.accessioned2023-12-14T17:10:40Z
dc.date.available2023-12-14T17:10:40Z
dc.date.issued2023-12-14
dc.description.abstractThe changing nature of work, accelerated by the experience of the COVID-19 pandemic, has resulted in several fundamental shifts in the terms and conditions of work. Along with the clear trend of increased nonstandard employment, including through the gig economy and platform work, this poses critical questions for policies and practices of the organization of work arrangements, and about who may bear the costs of emerging arrangements. This paper explores whether workers in freelancing and standard work arrangements in Malaysia view a trade-off between flexibility and income and are willing to forgo a share of earnings for greater flexibility. The paper deploys a novel discrete choice experiment in which respondents are asked to choose their preferred job from two hypothetical job descriptions with randomly assigned attributes, namely, flexibility and associated earnings. The findings show substantial but not overwhelming preference for greater flexibility, especially among freelancers, and a clear trade-off between measures of flexibility and income. The findings also show considerable variation in the preference for flexibility, much of which is not explained by worker demographics and other observable characteristics but is consistent with other measures of the importance attached to flexibility and earning income. The analysis outlines pathways through which offering even a modicum of flexibility can enhance workers’ utility without necessarily increasing costs for employers, provides evidence of considerable preference heterogeneity, and warns against imposing uniform approaches to (in)flexible work arrangements.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099350012062332245/IDU00f1c30090e32d04ed70b4240311d373d8c89
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-10630
dc.identifier.urihttps://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/40739
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research Working Paper; 10630
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectFLEXIBILITY
dc.subjectFLEXIBLE WORK ARRANGEMENTS
dc.subjectGIG WORK
dc.titleThe Valuation of Flexible Work Arrangementsen
dc.title.subtitleInsights from a Discrete Choice Experiment in Malaysiaen
dc.typeWorking Paper
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crossref.titleThe Valuation of Flexible Work Arrangements: Insights from a Discrete Choice Experiment in Malaysia
okr.date.disclosure2023-12-06
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-07T08:15:08.104715Z
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-08T16:06:45.088789Z
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-09T02:47:42.413600Z
okr.date.doiregistration2025-05-03T02:36:49.815685Z
okr.date.lastmodified2023-12-06T00:00:00Zen
okr.doctypePolicy Research Working Paper
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099350012062332245/IDU00f1c30090e32d04ed70b4240311d373d8c89
okr.guid099350012062332245
okr.identifier.docmidIDU-0f1c3009-e32d-4ed7-b424-311d373d8c89
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-10630
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum34209351
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum34209351
okr.identifier.reportWPS10630
okr.import.id2506
okr.importedtrueen
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099350012062332245/pdf/IDU00f1c30090e32d04ed70b4240311d373d8c89.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeEast Asia and Pacific
okr.region.countryMalaysia
okr.sectorSocial Protection
okr.themeLabor Market Institutions,Human Development and Gender,Private Sector Development,Labor Market Policy and Programs,Job Quality,Jobs
okr.topicSocial Protections and Labor::Wages, Compensation & Benefits
okr.topicLaw and Development::Labor & Employment Law
okr.topicSocial Development::Quality of Life & Leisure
okr.unitSocial Protection & Labor EAP (HEASP)
relation.isAuthorOfPublication74021e95-cbfa-52b7-9cc0-c06d840925a5
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery74021e95-cbfa-52b7-9cc0-c06d840925a5
relation.isSeriesOfPublication26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
relation.isSeriesOfPublication.latestForDiscovery26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
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