Publication: Tonga - Poverty and Equity Assessment 2024: Navigating Turbulent Waves Toward Sustained Poverty Reduction
Loading...
Date
2024-10-10
ISSN
Published
2024-10-10
Author(s)
Editor(s)
Abstract
Tonga’s economic growth, historically weak due to structural factors facing many Pacific Island countries, has been particularly sluggish in recent years due to several large shocks. Tropical cyclones in 2018 and 2020, border restrictions and surging inflation due to the COVID-19 outbreak, and the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai (HT-HH) volcanic eruption all have battered the population and have potentially reversed previous welfare gains. This World Bank Poverty and Equity Assessment (PEA) report aims to fill critical knowledge gaps regarding the extent, nature, and drivers of poverty and inequality in Tonga. The report extensively utilizes the 2021 Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) in Tonga and the official monetary poverty estimate from the survey. The 2021 HIES is the first survey containing significant welfare information that was entirely fielded after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic and can more fully illustrate some of the pandemic’s impacts. To estimate the change in monetary poverty, the report utilizes the 2015/16 HIES to impute the monetary poverty estimate in that year given that the government did not report an official monetary poverty estimate from the survey. In addition to identifying poverty and inequality patterns, this report highlights several thematic topics to which information from the HIES can contribute and inform the ongoing policy dialog. These topics include vulnerability of the population to shocks, human capital development, and social protection systems.
Link to Data Set
Citation
“World Bank. 2024. Tonga - Poverty and Equity Assessment 2024: Navigating Turbulent Waves Toward Sustained Poverty Reduction. © World Bank. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/42237 License: CC BY-NC 3.0 IGO.”
Associated URLs
Associated content
Other publications in this report series
Journal
Journal Volume
Journal Issue
Collections
Related items
Showing items related by metadata.
Publication Republic of South Sudan - Poverty and Equity Assessment 2024(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024-12-16)This poverty assessment has confirmed that poverty is endemic and food insecurity dire in South Sudan despite the country’s abundant wealth in natural resources. The report finds widespread and extreme poverty that stems from a combination of historical and systemic problems, including persistent conflicts and violence, the absence of the state, and poor governance and economic management aggravated by extreme and recurrent natural disasters. The assessment makes clear that household strategies to cope with or guard against risk often exacerbate vulnerability. The capacity of most South Sudanese to withstand future shocks is severely limited or entirely depleted. The prevailing socioeconomic system has consistently eroded the living standards of the South Sudanese. It is therefore critical to change course and do things differently to reduce poverty and build resilience. The report concludes that addressing conflict and state failure is critical for strengthening and rebuilding the livelihoods of conflict-affected people.Publication Insights from High Frequency Phone Surveys in Tonga(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024-05-06)The development objective of the Pacific Observatory is to improve welfare for the poor and vulnerable in Papua New Guinea and the Pacific Island Countries throughexpanding socio-economic information for better data-driven policymaking.Publication Lebanon Poverty and Equity Assessment 2024 - Weathering a Protracted Crisis(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024-05-29)This report provides an assessment of the current state of poverty and inequality in Lebanon. It documents the impact of a protracted economic crisis on households, that is well into its fifth year, along with their responses and investigates how the crisis has potentially affected labor market dynamics in the country. The report aims to be a resource for policymakers, researchers, and organizations working to identify and address the multifaceted socioeconomic challenges in Lebanon.Publication Kazakhstan Poverty and Equity Assessment 2024(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2025-01-06)The economy of Kazakhstan has performed strongly since the turn of the century, growing at an annual rate of 4.7 percent from 2006 to 2021. Sustained economic and productivity growth brought higher incomes and a period of prosperity. Between 2006 and 2021, the per capita gross domestic product (GDP) (in constant LCU) rose from 548,912 to 791,285 tenge, and household consumption per capita (in constant LCU) rose from 279,891 to 500,529 tenge. As poverty fell and living standards rose, the country transitioned from lower-middle-income to upper-middle-income status. Disparities persist, although poverty fell significantly in all regions of Kazakhstan. The demographic profile of poverty has also changed, as poor people are now more likely to be younger, less educated, and have larger families. Chronic poverty, defined as consistent poverty over time, also decreased significantly, with rates of chronic poverty dropping by 37 percent (from 8.4 to 5.3 percent) between 2011-13 and 2019-21. The main driver of poverty reduction has been consumption growth. Income inequality has increased since 2016 but remains low relative to other upper-middle-income countries.Publication Guidance Manual for Independent Evaluation Group Validators(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024-10-31)The Implementation Completion and Results Report (ICR) is one of the World Bank’s main instruments for self-evaluation. This manual provides comprehensive guidance and practice examples to evaluators for the preparation of the Implementation Completion and Results Reports Reviews (ICRRs) for investment project financing operations (IPFs). It ensures that these reviews align with the Bank Policy on “Implementation Completion and Results Reports
Users also downloaded
Showing related downloaded files
Error: Could not load results for 'https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/server/api/item/relateditemlistconfigs/bee749e0-d3cc-4b7f-aaad-c1278a07ea3f_downloads/itemlist'.