Publication:
The Long March to Universal Coverage : Lessons from China

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dc.contributor.authorLiang, Lilin
dc.contributor.authorLangenbrunner, John C.
dc.date.accessioned2013-05-06T16:18:27Z
dc.date.available2013-05-06T16:18:27Z
dc.date.issued2013-01
dc.description.abstractThe march to Universal Health Coverage (UHC) in China is unparalleled. Since the establishment of the State Council Medical Reform team in 2006,4 the basic objective of China's health reforms has been to provide the whole nation with basic medical and health care, while ensuring equal access to, and affordability of, health services. The Chinese government announced the national three-year reform plan in 2009, after which the country has made remarkable progress toward achieving nearly universal health coverage. The recent health reform initiatives under the 12th Five-Year Plan (2011-2015) continue to center on five areas. Building on recent experience, more effort is directed toward a structural change of the health system and building an environment that will facilitate policy implementation. This includes optimizing resource distribution, encouraging hospital competition, strengthening regulation and accountability, and enhancing human resources and information technology. While China has successfully extended the breadth of Health Coverage to the Poor (HCP), its scope (the comprehensiveness of services covered) and depth (the degree of financial risk protection) appear to be insufficient. Hospital admissions have increased significantly; suggesting improved access, up to 50 percent of current admissions may be amenable to more cost-effective outpatient care. Thus, it is critical to look into problems beyond the HCP program design, such as institutional arrangements, intergovernmental transfers, and supply constraints. This case study concludes with a discussion of the impacts of HCP and the needed next steps to advance HCP as an intermediate objective to the country's longer-term goals of equitable access and high quality of services.en
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/13303
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/13303
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington DC
dc.relation.ispartofseriesUNICO Study Series;No. 9
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo
dc.subjectAccess to health services
dc.subjectaccess to services
dc.subjectaccountability mechanisms
dc.subjectadverse selection
dc.subjectadverse selection problems
dc.subjectallocative efficiency
dc.subjectbasic health care
dc.subjectbasic health services
dc.subjectbeds
dc.subjectbreast cancer
dc.subjectbudget allocation
dc.subjectcare institutions
dc.subjectCenter for Health
dc.subjectcervical cancer
dc.subjectcities
dc.subjectclinics
dc.subjectcommunity health
dc.subjectcommunity health services
dc.subjectcontribution rate
dc.subjectcost control
dc.subjectcost structure
dc.subjectdecision making
dc.subjectdelivery system
dc.subjectdeveloping countries
dc.subjectDevelopment Goals
dc.subjectdoctors
dc.subjecteconomic growth
dc.subjectelderly
dc.subjectelderly people
dc.subjectepidemic
dc.subjectequal access
dc.subjectequitable access
dc.subjectessential drugs
dc.subjectessential medicines
dc.subjectExpenditures
dc.subjectfamilies
dc.subjectfee schedule
dc.subjectfee-for-service
dc.subjectfee-for-service system
dc.subjectfinancial barriers
dc.subjectfinancial contributions
dc.subjectfinancial incentives
dc.subjectFinancial protection
dc.subjectfinancial risk
dc.subjectfinancial risk protection
dc.subjectfinancial risks
dc.subjectfiscal policies
dc.subjectfiscal policy
dc.subjectGeneral Health System
dc.subjectgeneral practitioners
dc.subjectglobal budgets
dc.subjectglobal campaign
dc.subjecthealth care
dc.subjecthealth care costs
dc.subjecthealth care delivery
dc.subjecthealth care reform
dc.subjecthealth care services
dc.subjectHealth Care System
dc.subjectHealth Care System Reform
dc.subjecthealth care workers
dc.subjecthealth centers
dc.subjectHealth Coverage
dc.subjecthealth delivery
dc.subjecthealth delivery system
dc.subjecthealth education
dc.subjectHealth Expenditure
dc.subjectHealth Expenditures
dc.subjecthealth financing
dc.subjecthealth infrastructure
dc.subjecthealth institutions
dc.subjecthealth insurance coverage
dc.subjecthealth insurance program
dc.subjecthealth insurance scheme
dc.subjectHealth Insurance Schemes
dc.subjecthealth insurance system
dc.subjecthealth management
dc.subjectHealth Organization
dc.subjecthealth outcomes
dc.subjecthealth planning
dc.subjecthealth policy
dc.subjecthealth professionals
dc.subjecthealth programs
dc.subjectHealth providers
dc.subjecthealth reform
dc.subjecthealth reforms
dc.subjecthealth resources
dc.subjecthealth sector
dc.subjectHealth Service
dc.subjecthealth service utilization
dc.subjectHealth Services
dc.subjectHealth Status
dc.subjectHealth System
dc.subjecthealth system reform
dc.subjecthealth systems
dc.subjecthealth workers
dc.subjecthealth workforce
dc.subjecthealthcare services
dc.subjecthospital admission
dc.subjectHospital admissions
dc.subjecthospital beds
dc.subjecthospital care
dc.subjecthospital cost
dc.subjecthospitalization
dc.subjectHospitals
dc.subjectHuman Resources
dc.subjectill health
dc.subjectimpact evaluations
dc.subjectimpact on health outcomes
dc.subjectincentives for doctors
dc.subjectincome
dc.subjectincome countries
dc.subjectinduced demand
dc.subjectinformal sector
dc.subjectinformatics
dc.subjectinformation system
dc.subjectinformation systems
dc.subjectinpatient care
dc.subjectinsurance coverage
dc.subjectinsurance funds
dc.subjectinsurance premiums
dc.subjectinsurers
dc.subjectintegration
dc.subjectintervention
dc.subjectkidney diseases
dc.subjectlarge cities
dc.subjectlaws
dc.subjectleukemia
dc.subjectliving standards
dc.subjectlocal authorities
dc.subjectmarginal costs
dc.subjectmarket economy
dc.subjectmedical bills
dc.subjectmedical care
dc.subjectmedical education
dc.subjectmedical expenses
dc.subjectMedical Insurance
dc.subjectmedical records
dc.subjectmedical resources
dc.subjectmedical savings accounts
dc.subjectmedical services
dc.subjectmedical staff
dc.subjectmedicines
dc.subjectmental illness
dc.subjectmigrant
dc.subjectmigrant workers
dc.subjectMinistry of Health
dc.subjectmortality
dc.subjectmortality rate
dc.subjectmovement of People
dc.subjectNational Development
dc.subjectNational Health
dc.subjectnational health expenditure
dc.subjectNational Health Insurance
dc.subjectNational Health Services
dc.subjectnurses
dc.subjectnursing
dc.subjectoutpatient care
dc.subjectoutpatient services
dc.subjectpatient
dc.subjectpatient outcomes
dc.subjectPatients
dc.subjectpharmaceutical companies
dc.subjectpharmacists
dc.subjectphysician
dc.subjectphysicians
dc.subjectpocket payment
dc.subjectpolicy framework
dc.subjectpolicy makers
dc.subjectpolitical support
dc.subjectpoor health
dc.subjectprescription drugs
dc.subjectprimary care
dc.subjectPrivate Health Insurance
dc.subjectprogress
dc.subjectprovider incentives
dc.subjectprovider payment
dc.subjectprovision of care
dc.subjectpsychiatric hospital
dc.subjectPublic Health
dc.subjectPublic Health Services
dc.subjectpublic health spending
dc.subjectpublic hospital
dc.subjectPublic Hospitals
dc.subjectpublic sector
dc.subjectpublic services
dc.subjectpublic spending
dc.subjectquality care
dc.subjectquality of services
dc.subjectreimbursement rates
dc.subjectRural Areas
dc.subjectrural health care
dc.subjectrural population
dc.subjectrural residents
dc.subjectsafety net
dc.subjectschool children
dc.subjectsocial development
dc.subjectsocial equity
dc.subjectsocial health insurance
dc.subjectSocial Insurance
dc.subjectSocial Security
dc.subjectSocial Security benefits
dc.subjectSocial Services
dc.subjectsocial welfare
dc.subjecttuberculosis
dc.subjectunemployment
dc.subjectuniversal access
dc.subjecturban areas
dc.subjecturbanization
dc.subjectvicious cycle
dc.subjectviolence
dc.subjectwaste
dc.subjectworkers
dc.subjectworking conditions
dc.subjectWorld Health Organization
dc.titleThe Long March to Universal Coverage : Lessons from Chinaen
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.date.disclosure2013-03-01
okr.date.doiregistration2025-05-05T11:39:33.175322Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Working Paper
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.globalpracticeHealth, Nutrition, and Population
okr.globalpracticeGovernance
okr.globalpracticeFinance and Markets
okr.globalpracticeHealth, Nutrition, and Population
okr.identifier.report74960
okr.language.supporteden
okr.region.administrativeEast Asia and Pacific
okr.region.countryChina
okr.topicHealth, Nutrition and Population::Health Economics & Finance
okr.topicHealth, Nutrition and Population::Health Monitoring & Evaluation
okr.topicHealth, Nutrition and Population::Health Systems Development & Reform
okr.topicHealth, Nutrition and Population::Population Policies
okr.topicLaw and Development::Health Law
okr.unitHealth Systems (WBIHS)
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