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Agricultural Distortion Patterns since the 1950s: What Needs Explaining?

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dc.contributor.authorCroser, Johanna
dc.contributor.authorAnderson, Kym
dc.contributor.authorSandri, Damiano
dc.contributor.authorValenzuela, Ernesto
dc.date.accessioned2017-09-07T17:56:41Z
dc.date.available2017-09-07T17:56:41Z
dc.date.issued2009-05
dc.description.abstractThis paper summarizes a new database that sheds light on the impact of trade-related policy developments over the past half century on distortions to agricultural incentives and thus also to consumer prices for food in 75 countries spanning the per capita income spectrum. Price support policies of advanced economies hurt not only domestic consumers and exporters of other products but also foreign producers and traders of farm products, and they reduce national and global economic welfare. On the other hand, the governments of many developing countries have directly taxed their farmers over the past half-century, both directly (e.g., export taxes) and also indirectly via overvaluing their currency and restricting imports of manufactures. Thus the price incentives facing farmers in many developing countries have been depressed by both own-country and other countries' agricultural price and international trade policies. The authors summarize these and realted stylized facts that can be drawn from a new World Bank database that is worthy of the attention of political economy theorists, historians and econometricians. These indicators can be helpful in addressing such questions as the following: where is there still a policy bias against agricultural production? To what extent has there been overshooting in the sense that some developing-country food producers are now being protected from import competition along the lines of the examples of earlier-industrializing Europe and Japan? What are the political economy forces behind the more-successful reformers, and how do they compare with those in less-successful countries where major distortions in agricultural incentives remain? And what explains the pattern of distortions across not only countries but also industries and in the choice of support or tax instruments within the agricultural sector of each country?en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/665961468334205439/Agricultural-distortion-patterns-since-the-1950s-what-needs-explaining
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/28173
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/28173
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relation.ispartofseriesAgricultural Distortions Working Paper;90
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo
dc.subjectABSOLUTE VALUE
dc.subjectADVANCED ECONOMIES
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL OUTPUT
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRICE
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRICES
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL R&D
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL RESEARCH
dc.subjectAGRICULTURE
dc.subjectBALANCE SHEETS
dc.subjectCOMMODITIES
dc.subjectCOMMODITY
dc.subjectCOMMODITY PRICE
dc.subjectCOMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE
dc.subjectCOMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES
dc.subjectCONSTANT DOLLARS
dc.subjectCONSUMER PRICES
dc.subjectCONSUMERS
dc.subjectCORRELATION COEFFICIENTS
dc.subjectCOUNTRY FIXED EFFECTS
dc.subjectCROPS
dc.subjectCURRENCY
dc.subjectDATA AVAILABILITY
dc.subjectDEREGULATION
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRY
dc.subjectDEVELOPING ECONOMIES
dc.subjectDOLLAR VALUES
dc.subjectDOMESTIC ECONOMY
dc.subjectDOMESTIC MARKET
dc.subjectDOMESTIC MARKETS
dc.subjectDOMESTIC PRICE
dc.subjectDOMESTIC PRICES
dc.subjectDUMMY VARIABLE
dc.subjectECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMICS
dc.subjectELASTICITY
dc.subjectEMERGING ECONOMIES
dc.subjectEQUILIBRIA
dc.subjectEQUILIBRIUM PRICE
dc.subjectEXCHANGE RATE
dc.subjectEXCHANGE RATES
dc.subjectEXPENDITURE
dc.subjectEXPORT SUBSIDIES
dc.subjectEXPORT SUBSIDY
dc.subjectEXPORTERS
dc.subjectEXPORTS
dc.subjectFARMERS
dc.subjectFARMS
dc.subjectFOOD PRICES
dc.subjectFOOD PRODUCTS
dc.subjectFOREIGN CURRENCY
dc.subjectFOREIGN EXCHANGE
dc.subjectFOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKET
dc.subjectFREE MARKETS
dc.subjectFREE TRADE
dc.subjectGDP
dc.subjectGDP PER CAPITA
dc.subjectGENERAL EQUILIBRIUM
dc.subjectGENERAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS
dc.subjectGLOBAL ECONOMY
dc.subjectGLOBAL EXPORTS
dc.subjectGLOBAL OUTPUT
dc.subjectGLOBALIZATION
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT INTERVENTION
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT INTERVENTIONS
dc.subjectGROSS VALUE
dc.subjectHIGH-INCOME COUNTRIES
dc.subjectIMPORT
dc.subjectIMPORT PRICE
dc.subjectIMPORT PROTECTION
dc.subjectIMPORT RESTRICTIONS
dc.subjectIMPORT TARIFF
dc.subjectIMPORT TARIFFS
dc.subjectIMPORT-SUBSTITUTING INDUSTRIALIZATION
dc.subjectIMPORT-SUBSTITUTING INDUSTRIALIZATION STRATEGY
dc.subjectIMPORTS
dc.subjectINCOME GROUP
dc.subjectINDUSTRIALIZATION
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL MARKETS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL PRICE
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL PRICES
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL TRADE
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL TRADE POLICIES
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL TRADE POLICY
dc.subjectITC
dc.subjectLAISSEZ FAIRE
dc.subjectLEGAL CONSTRAINTS
dc.subjectLESS DEVELOPED ECONOMIES
dc.subjectLIVESTOCK
dc.subjectLIVESTOCK PRODUCTS
dc.subjectLOW-INCOME COUNTRIES
dc.subjectMACROECONOMIC POLICY
dc.subjectMARKET ACCESS
dc.subjectMARKET ECONOMIES
dc.subjectMARKET EQUILIBRIUM
dc.subjectMARKET FORCES
dc.subjectMULTILATERAL TRADE
dc.subjectMULTIPLE EXCHANGE RATES
dc.subjectNET EXPORTS
dc.subjectOPEN ECONOMY
dc.subjectPER CAPITA INCOME
dc.subjectPER CAPITA INCOMES
dc.subjectPOLITICAL ECONOMY
dc.subjectPOVERTY REDUCTION
dc.subjectPRICE COMPARISON
dc.subjectPRICE COMPARISONS
dc.subjectPRICE DISTORTION
dc.subjectPRICE DISTORTIONS
dc.subjectPRICE ELASTICITIES
dc.subjectPRICE INCENTIVES
dc.subjectPRICE SUPPORTS
dc.subjectPRICES OF INPUTS
dc.subjectPRICING POLICY
dc.subjectPRIVATIZATION
dc.subjectPRODUCER PRICES
dc.subjectPUBLIC FUNDS
dc.subjectPUBLIC INVESTMENT
dc.subjectPUBLIC INVESTMENTS
dc.subjectPURCHASE PRICE
dc.subjectQUOTAS
dc.subjectREAL GDP
dc.subjectREGIONAL INTEGRATION
dc.subjectRELATIVE PRICES
dc.subjectRURAL INFRASTRUCTURE
dc.subjectSOCIALIST ECONOMIES
dc.subjectSTANDARD DEVIATION
dc.subjectSTANDARD DEVIATIONS
dc.subjectSUBSIDIZATION
dc.subjectSUBSTITUTION
dc.subjectTARIFF BARRIERS
dc.subjectTAX
dc.subjectTAXATION
dc.subjectTRADABLE GOODS
dc.subjectTRADE AGREEMENTS
dc.subjectTRADE DATA
dc.subjectTRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectTRADE NEGOTIATIONS
dc.subjectTRADE POLICIES
dc.subjectTRADE POLICY
dc.subjectTRADE RESTRICTIONS
dc.subjectTRADE TAX
dc.subjectTRADE TAXES
dc.subjectTRANSITION ECONOMIES
dc.subjectURUGUAY ROUND
dc.subjectVALUATION
dc.subjectVALUE ADDED
dc.subjectVOLATILITY
dc.subjectVOLUME OF TRADE
dc.subjectWEIGHTS
dc.subjectWOOD
dc.subjectWORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS
dc.subjectWORLD ECONOMY
dc.subjectWORLD TRADE
dc.subjectWORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION
dc.subjectWTO
dc.titleAgricultural Distortion Patterns since the 1950sen
dc.title.subtitleWhat Needs Explaining?en
dc.typeWorking Paperen
dc.typeDocument de travailfr
dc.typeDocumento de trabajoes
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crossref.titleAgricultural Distortion Patterns since the 1950s
okr.date.disclosure2010-08-04
okr.date.doiregistration2025-05-05T11:33:26.326112Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Working Paper
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/665961468334205439/Agricultural-distortion-patterns-since-the-1950s-what-needs-explaining
okr.guid665961468334205439
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000334955_20100804032027
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum12614867
okr.identifier.report55950
okr.importedtrue
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/665961468334205439/pdf/559500NWP0P09311al1Indicators190rev.pdfen
okr.sectorAgriculture, fishing, and forestry
okr.topicAgriculture::Agricultural Sector Economics
okr.topicAgriculture::Agricultural Trade
okr.topicInternational Economics and Trade::Trade Policy
okr.topicInternational Economics and Trade::Trade and Agriculture
okr.topicMacroeconomics and Economic Growth::Political Economy
okr.unitDECRG: Trade & Intl. Integration (DECTI)
relation.isAuthorOfPublication952f550f-cf8c-5d8d-9ae5-d0208ea5edd1
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery952f550f-cf8c-5d8d-9ae5-d0208ea5edd1
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