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Out-of-Pocket Expenditures on Health: A Global Stocktake

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dc.contributor.authorEozenou, Patrick
dc.contributor.authorWagstaff, Adam
dc.contributor.authorSmitz, Marc
dc.date.accessioned2019-04-11T20:52:24Z
dc.date.available2019-04-11T20:52:24Z
dc.date.issued2019-04
dc.description.abstractThis paper provides an overview of research on out-of-pocket health expenditures, reviewing the various summary measures and the results of multi-country studies using these measures. The paper presents estimates for 146 countries from all World Bank income groups for all summary measures, along with correlations between the summary measures and macroeconomic and health system indicators. Large differences emerge across countries in per capita out-of-pocket expenditures in 2011 international dollars, driven in large part by differences in per capita income and the share of gross domestic product spent on health. The two measures of dispersion or risk -- the coefficient of variation and Q90/Q50 -- are only weakly correlated across countries and not explained by the macroeconomic and health system indicators. Considerable variation emerges in the out-of-pocket health expenditure budget share, which is highly correlated with the incidence of "catastrophic" expenditures. Out-of-pocket expenditures tend to be regressive and catastrophic expenditures tend to be concentrated among the poor when expenditures are assessed relative to income, while expenditures tend to be progressive and catastrophic expenditures tend to be concentrated among the rich when expenditures are assessed relative to consumption. At the extreme poverty line of $1.90-a-day, most impoverishment due to out-of-pocket expenditures occurs among low-income countries.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/404051554751713745/Out-of-Pocket-Expenditures-on-Health-A-Global-Stocktake
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-8808
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/31537
dc.languageEnglish
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research Working Paper;No. 8808
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo
dc.subjectHEALTH EXPENDITURE
dc.subjectOUT-OF-POCKET HEALTH COSTS
dc.subjectHEALTH AND POVERTY
dc.subjectFINANCIAL PROTECTION
dc.subjectHEALTH INSURANCE
dc.subjectHEALTH FINANCE
dc.subjectCATASTROPHE HEALTH EXPENDITURE
dc.titleOut-of-Pocket Expenditures on Healthen
dc.title.subtitleA Global Stocktakeen
dc.typeWorking Paperen
dc.typeDocument de travailfr
dc.typeDocumento de trabajoes
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crossref.titleOut-of-Pocket Expenditures on Health: A Global Stocktake
okr.date.disclosure2019-04-08
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Policy Research Working Paper
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/404051554751713745/Out-of-Pocket-Expenditures-on-Health-A-Global-Stocktake
okr.guid404051554751713745
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-8808
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum090224b086b63bdf_1_0
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum30967683
okr.identifier.reportWPS8808
okr.importedtrueen
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/404051554751713745/pdf/Out-of-Pocket-Expenditures-on-Health-A-Global-Stocktake.pdfen
okr.statistics.combined10091
okr.statistics.dr404051554751713745
okr.statistics.drstats8418
okr.topicHealth, Nutrition and Population::Health Economics & Finance
okr.topicHealth, Nutrition and Population::Health Insurance
okr.topicHealth, Nutrition and Population::Health and Poverty
okr.topicPoverty Reduction::Inequality
okr.topicPoverty Reduction::Poverty and Health
okr.unitDevelopment Research Group, Development Economics
relation.isAuthorOfPublication5d38fde2-5803-56c6-b733-3866ea5be265
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery5d38fde2-5803-56c6-b733-3866ea5be265
relation.isSeriesOfPublication26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
relation.isSeriesOfPublication.latestForDiscovery26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
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