Publication: Public-Private Partnerships for Investment and Delivery of Affordable Housing in Emerging Market Economies
Loading...
Published
2020-11-23
ISSN
Date
2020-12-07
Author(s)
Editor(s)
Abstract
The role of the public sector in housing delivery in many developed economies evolved from government as builder in the post-War era in the 1950s when the government directly constructed and delivered housing to meet the daunting demand for housing, to government as enabler and regulator in the 1980s and 90s when governments retreated from direct provision but started to focus on facilitating the private sector to deliver housing effectively, and to assist the poorest segment of the population. The point of departure is the belief that housing is essentially a private good that is best provided by the market. Today, the government’s role is therefore focused on Should read: (i) establishing the enabling environment for the private sector (including private individuals) to deliver housing; (ii) addressing the market failures; and (iii) avoiding and/or correcting government policy failures. However, challenges persist for low-income households to find affordable accommodation in locations that work for them. Such shortages of affordable housing are most pronounced in developing countries, which in recent decades have seen rapid urbanization and the proliferation of informal settlements, which are increasingly challenging for the public sector to address. As the private sector and public sector fail to provide adequate and affordable housing for the lower-end of the market segment at the pace and scale that is needed, governments have since the later 2000’s repositioned themselves as partners, and increasingly as entrepreneurs, to catalyze – and reduce the risk for – the private sector’s entry into the affordable housing markets.
Link to Data Set
Citation
“World Bank. 2020. Public-Private Partnerships for Investment and Delivery of Affordable Housing in Emerging Market Economies. © World Bank. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34889 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO.”
Digital Object Identifier
Associated URLs
Associated content
Other publications in this report series
Journal
Journal Volume
Journal Issue
Collections
Related items
Showing items related by metadata.
Publication How to Engage with the Private Sector in Public-Private Partnerships in Emerging Markets(World Bank, 2011-06-14)What transforms a desirable project on a government wish list to an attractive investment opportunity in the eyes of a potential private sector partner? This guide seeks to enhance the chances of developing effective partnerships between the public and the private sectors by addressing one of the main obstacles to the effective delivery of public-private partnership (PPP) projects: having the right information on the right project for the right partners at the right time. Data from the World Bank and the Public-Private Infrastructure Advisory Facility (PPIAF) private participation in infrastructure (PPI) project database indicate that private sector investment in infrastructure in developing economies grew steadily over the past decade. By 2007 the levels had finally surpassed the peak levels seen in 1997, the end of the previous growth spurt. This guide focuses specifically on what should be done, and when, in order to prepare projects to attract the right long-term private partners, procure their involvement, and manage the partnership. This guide is not a detailed project preparation manual; rather, it seeks to provide an overview of the process and what is involved so that greater realism can be applied to this challenging task and adequate resource plans can be developed.Publication Public-Private Partnerships in Transport(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2007-12)This paper summarizes the evidence on the evolution of transport PPPs over the last 15 years or so. In the process, it provides a primer on the associated policy issues, including of the central role of project finance in the implementation of PPP policies and the debates on risk allocation in the design of PPPs. The paper also offers a discussion of the increasingly well recognized residual roles for the public sector in transport, with an emphasis on the regulatory debates surrounding the adoption of PPPs.Publication Public-Private Partnerships : Reference Guide, Version 2.0(World Bank, Washington, DC; Asian Development Bank, Mandaluyong City, Philippines; Inter-American Development Bank, Washington, DC, 2014)A growing number of developing country governments are interested in using public-private partnerships (PPPs) to provide public infrastructure assets and services. The PPP reference guide seeks to provide advice on what PPP practitioners should know, rather than provide advice on what to do. The guide sets out the main topics, looks at the key issues that must be addressed, and provides what one consider the most important references that PPP practitioners can turn to for answers and to enhance one knowledge and understanding. It is structured into separate sections that focus on three main areas, firstly what are PPPs, when may they be used and the advantages and disadvantages relative to public provision; secondly the policy, legal, and institutional frameworks that should be put into place to help improve effectiveness; and finally the ways in which PPP projects can be developed and implemented. It introduces key topics on PPP, sets out options, and directs readers to examples, and key references where one can find out more. This guide provides new resources and updated examples.Publication Public-Private Partnerships : Reference Guide Version 1.0(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2012-02)The Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) reference guide seeks to provide advice on what PPP practitioners should know, rather than provide advice on what to do. The guide sets out the main topics, looks at the key issues that must be addressed, and provides what we consider the most important references that PPP practitioners can turn to for answers and to enhance their own knowledge and understanding. It is structured into separate sections that focus on three main areas, firstly what are PPPs, when might they be used and the advantages and disadvantages relative to public provision; secondly the policy, legal and institutional frameworks that should be put into place to help improve their effectiveness; and finally the ways in which PPP projects can be developed and implemented. A diverse range of case studies and institutional solutions, from all parts of the world, are presented in the PPP reference guide.Publication Egypt - Next Step Recommendations for Affordable Housing Policy and the National Housing Program : Mortgaged-Linked Subsidies and Housing Supply considerations(Washington, DC, 2008-06)At the request of the Government of Egypt (GOE), the objective of this brief note is to provide concise recommendations on next steps for the National Housing Program (NHP). These recommendations and policy analysis are an elaboration of the framework for housing policy reform in urban areas in Egypt, a draft of which was endorsed by the Ministry of Housing, Utilities and Urban Development (MHUUD) and the Ministry of Investment (MOI) in the high-level policy workshop held in September 2007. The Framework, an evolving strategy building blocks document, proposed a set of comprehensive housing sector reforms and improvements to the NHP consisting of five action channels - unlocking the vacant housing stock, creating a fluid rental market, enhancing affordability through improved access to housing finance and reduction of formal housing supply cost, improved targeting of subsidies, and transforming the government's role into an enabler of the housing market. During the Ministerial workshop in September 2007, it was agreed that the four priority actions were: (i) the design and implementation of a housing information system; (ii) mainstreaming the use of demand-based mortgage-linked subsidy instruments; (iii) set up of a high-level housing policymaking body to coordinate and rationalize the interventions of the different concerned stakeholders; and (iv) expansion of the Housing Demand Study to other areas of Egypt. United States Agency for International Development or USAID Second Technical Assistance for Policy Reform, or TAPRII has completed the design of the housing information system and has made significant progress in the expansion of the housing demand survey. The World Bank's technical assistance to the GOE, reflected in this note and follow up work, focused on strengthening the housing policymaking process and subsidy policy and expanding the mortgage linked subsidy program.
Users also downloaded
Showing related downloaded files
Publication Port Reform Toolkit(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2025-07-31)Ports are undergoing constant transformation, induced by changes in the global economy, technology, or the environment. Port reform is influenced by factors that include aspirations for change underpinned by complex internal and external drivers. In a sector where public and private interests must work together, closely managing change is important. Having the right tools is key for a successful port reform and improvement process which enables economic growth, creates jobs, and fosters sustainable development. For over two decades, the Port Reform Toolkit has been one of the most comprehensive guides for implementing port reforms. Along the way, the Toolkit has evolved in response to changing sectoral trends. The first edition, published in 2001, established a common language for policymakers and port industry stakeholders. It has since become the established reference for port privatization, labor, and modernization programs. Further experiences from a first wave of port reforms in Latin America, Africa, and Asia in the 1990s and early 2000s informed the second edition of the Toolkit, which was released in 2007. By that time, ports in developing economies had attracted over 21 billion dollars in investments from over 200 public-private partnership projects. In this context, the Port Reform Toolkit enabled port stakeholders to provide strategic advice to governments and the private sector.Publication FY 2025 China Country Opinion Survey Report(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2025-08-04)The Country Opinion Survey in China assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how stakeholders in China perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and civil society in China on 1) their views regarding the general environment in China; 2) their overall attitudes toward the WBG in China; 3) overall impressions of the WBG’s effectiveness and results, knowledge work and activities, and communication and information sharing in China; and 4) their perceptions of the WBG’s future role in China.Publication Choosing Our Future(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024-09-04)Education can propel faster and better climate action in two crucial ways. First, education can galvanize behavior change at scale - not just for tomorrow, but also for today. Second, education can unlock skills and innovation to shift economies onto greener trajectories for growth. At the same time, education needs to be protected from climate change. Extreme climate events and temperatures are already eroding hard-won progress on schooling and learning. Climate change is causing school closures, learning losses, and dropouts. These will turn into long-run inter-generational earnings losses putting into jeopardy education’s powerful potential for spurring poverty alleviation and economic growth. Governments can act now to adapt schools for climate change in cost-effective ways. This report outlines new data, evidence, and examples on how countries can harness education to propel climate action. It provides an actionable policy agenda to meet development, education, and climate goals together, recognizing that tackling climate change requires changes to individual beliefs, behaviors, and skills – changes that education is uniquely positioned to catalyze.Publication The World Bank Group Annual Report 2025(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2025-10-09)The World Bank Group Annual Report 2025 presents on World Bank Group activities in fiscal 2025. The Annual Report is prepared by the Executive Directors of ICSID, IFC, MIGA, and the World Bank (IBRD/IDA) in accordance with the by-laws of the institutions. The President of the World Bank Group and Chairman of the Board of Executive Directors submit the Annual Report, together with the accompanying administrative budgets and audited financial statements, to the Board of Governors.Publication The Nature-Based Solutions Opportunity Scan(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024-06-17)Access to actionable information that outlines opportunities for nature-based solutions (NBS) investments at early stages of project design is essential for enabling the scale up of these solutions, which can effectively reduce climate risks, while bringing important socioeconomic benefits. This report summarizes how the Nature-Based Solutions Opportunity Scan (NBSOS) supports the World Bank, its clients, and development partners to identify NBS investment opportunities, understand the associated benefits, and integrate these interventions into projects. The NBSOS is a geospatial analysis and participatory process that provides an on-demand service tailored to each specific case in both cities and coastal areas, ensuring World Bank project teams have a clear understanding of available NBS investment opportunities in a given project area.