Publication:
India : Diagnostic Assessment of Select Environmental Challenges, Volume 3. Valuation of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services in India

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dc.contributor.authorWorld Bank
dc.date.accessioned2013-10-02T18:34:36Z
dc.date.available2013-10-02T18:34:36Z
dc.date.issued2013-06-05
dc.description.abstractThis report provides estimates of social and financial costs of environmental damage in India from three pollution damage categories: (i) urban air pollution, including particulate matter and lead; (ii) inadequate water supply, poor sanitation, and hygiene; (iii) indoor air pollution; and four natural resource damage categories: (a) agricultural damage from soil salinity, water logging, and soil erosion; (b) rangeland degradation; (c) deforestation; and (d) natural disasters. The estimates are based on a combination of Indian data from secondary sources and on the transfer of unit costs of pollution from a range of national and international studies. The quantification and monetary valuation of environmental damage involves many scientific disciplines including environmental, physical, and biological and health sciences, epidemiology, and environmental economics. Estimates of the costs of degradation are generally reported as a percent of conventional gross domestic product (GDP). This provides a useful estimate of the importance of environmental damages but it should not be interpreted that GDP will increase by a given percent if the degradation were to be reduced to zero. Any measures to reduce environmental degradation will have a cost and the additional cost goes up the greater is the reduction that is made. Hence a program to remove all degradation can well result in a lower GDP. This report provides a measure of the overall damage relative to a benchmark, in which all damages related to economic activity are eliminated. The report is structured as follows: section one provides a summary of estimated social and financial costs of environmental damage; section two focuses on urban air pollution; section three deals with water supply, sanitation, and hygiene; section four focuses on indoor air pollution; section five focuses on land degradation, crop production, and rangeland degradation; and section six deals with forest degradation.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/06/18009367/india-diagnostic-assessment-select-environmental-challenges-vol-3-3-valuation-biodiversity-ecosystem-services-india
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/16029
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/16029
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWashington, DC
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectABATEMENT
dc.subjectACCURATE INFORMATION
dc.subjectACTION PLAN
dc.subjectAGRICULTURE
dc.subjectANECDOTAL EVIDENCE
dc.subjectBEAR
dc.subjectBIO-DIVERSITY
dc.subjectBIODIVERSITY
dc.subjectBIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
dc.subjectBIODIVERSITY LOSS
dc.subjectBIODIVERSITY PROSPECTING
dc.subjectBIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS
dc.subjectBIOLOGICALLY DIVERSE ECOSYSTEMS
dc.subjectBIOMASS
dc.subjectBIOSPHERE
dc.subjectBIOSPHERE RESERVE
dc.subjectBLOOD PRESSURE
dc.subjectCANCER
dc.subjectCARBON
dc.subjectCARBON DIOXIDE
dc.subjectCARBON SEQUESTRATION
dc.subjectCARBON SINK
dc.subjectCATTLE
dc.subjectCLEAN AIR
dc.subjectCLIMATE
dc.subjectCLIMATE CHANGE
dc.subjectCOAST
dc.subjectCOASTAL PROTECTION
dc.subjectCOASTAL WATERS
dc.subjectCOASTAL WETLANDS
dc.subjectCOMMERCIAL FISHING
dc.subjectCONSERVATION MONITORING
dc.subjectCONSERVATION OF BIODIVERSITY
dc.subjectCONSERVATION OF NATURE
dc.subjectCONSUMPTION PATTERNS
dc.subjectCONTINGENT VALUATION
dc.subjectCORAL
dc.subjectCORAL COVER
dc.subjectCORAL MINING
dc.subjectCORAL REEF
dc.subjectCORAL REEFS
dc.subjectCROPS
dc.subjectDEFORESTATION
dc.subjectDEMAND FOR ECOSYSTEM SERVICES
dc.subjectDIMINISHING RETURNS
dc.subjectDIMINISHING RETURNS TO SCALE
dc.subjectDRY MATTER
dc.subjectECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS
dc.subjectECOLOGY
dc.subjectECONOMIC ANALYSIS
dc.subjectECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIC VALUATION
dc.subjectECONOMIC VALUES
dc.subjectECOSYSTEM
dc.subjectECOSYSTEM ASSESSMENT
dc.subjectECOSYSTEM DEGRADATION
dc.subjectECOSYSTEM FUNCTION
dc.subjectECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONING
dc.subjectECOSYSTEM LEVEL
dc.subjectECOSYSTEM SERVICE
dc.subjectECOSYSTEM SERVICES
dc.subjectECOSYSTEMS
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL AGENCY
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMIST
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES
dc.subjectFLOOD CONTROL
dc.subjectFLOOD PROTECTION
dc.subjectFOREST AREA
dc.subjectFOREST AREAS
dc.subjectFOREST CARBON
dc.subjectFOREST CARBON SEQUESTRATION
dc.subjectFOREST CARBON STOCKS
dc.subjectFOREST COVER
dc.subjectFOREST ECOSYSTEM
dc.subjectFOREST MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectFOREST POLICY
dc.subjectFOREST RESOURCES
dc.subjectFOREST SERVICE
dc.subjectFORESTRY
dc.subjectFORESTS
dc.subjectFRESH WATER
dc.subjectGENETIC
dc.subjectGLOBAL BIODIVERSITY
dc.subjectGLOBAL ECOSYSTEM
dc.subjectGLOBAL FOREST
dc.subjectGLOBAL FOREST ASSESSMENT
dc.subjectGLOBAL FOREST RESOURCES
dc.subjectGLOBAL FOREST RESOURCES ASSESSMENT
dc.subjectGLOBAL_BIODIVERSITY
dc.subjectGRASSLAND
dc.subjectGRASSLAND ECOSYSTEM
dc.subjectGRASSLANDS
dc.subjectGREEN ACCOUNTING
dc.subjectGREENHOUSE GASES
dc.subjectHABITAT
dc.subjectHEDONIC PRICING
dc.subjectHUMAN ACTIVITIES
dc.subjectHUMAN EXPLOITATION
dc.subjectHUNTING
dc.subjectINDIRECT USE
dc.subjectISSUES
dc.subjectLAKES
dc.subjectLAND ECONOMICS
dc.subjectLAND USE
dc.subjectLAND USES
dc.subjectLOSS OF BIODIVERSITY
dc.subjectLOSS OF BIOMASS
dc.subjectLOSS OF ECOSYSTEM SERVICES
dc.subjectLOSS OF FORESTS
dc.subjectMANGROVE ECOSYSTEM
dc.subjectMANGROVE SYSTEMS
dc.subjectMANGROVES
dc.subjectMARGINAL COSTS
dc.subjectMARKET PRICES
dc.subjectNATURAL CONDITIONS
dc.subjectNATURAL RESOURCES
dc.subjectNATURE
dc.subjectNON-USE VALUES
dc.subjectPOLLUTION CONTROL
dc.subjectPRESENT VALUE
dc.subjectPROTECTION
dc.subjectPURCHASING POWER
dc.subjectROADS
dc.subjectSAMPLE SIZE
dc.subjectSEDIMENTATION
dc.subjectSHORE
dc.subjectSOCIAL COSTS
dc.subjectSOCIALLY SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectSOIL CONSERVATION
dc.subjectSOIL EROSION
dc.subjectSPECIES
dc.subjectSPECIES ABUNDANCE
dc.subjectSURFACE WATER
dc.subjectSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectTEMPERATE FOREST
dc.subjectTHEORETICAL MODELS
dc.subjectTIMBER
dc.subjectTIMBER FOREST
dc.subjectTOURISM
dc.subjectTOURISM ACTIVITIES
dc.subjectTREE
dc.subjectTROPICAL FOREST
dc.subjectURBAN LAND
dc.subjectUSE VALUE
dc.subjectVALUE OF BIODIVERSITY
dc.subjectVALUE OF WETLAND
dc.subjectVEGETATION
dc.subjectWATER POLLUTION
dc.subjectWETLAND
dc.subjectWETLAND AREA
dc.subjectWETLAND AREAS
dc.subjectWETLAND VALUE
dc.subjectWILDLIFE
dc.subjectWILDLIFE CONSERVATION
dc.subjectWILLINGNESS TO PAY
dc.subjectWTP
dc.titleIndia : Diagnostic Assessment of Select Environmental Challenges, Volume 3. Valuation of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services in Indiaen
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crosscuttingsolutionareaClimate Change
okr.date.disclosure2013-07-16
okr.date.doiregistration2025-05-07T09:34:25.360881Z
okr.doctypeEconomic & Sector Work::Country Environmental Analysis (CEA)
okr.doctypeEconomic & Sector Work
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/06/18009367/india-diagnostic-assessment-select-environmental-challenges-vol-3-3-valuation-biodiversity-ecosystem-services-india
okr.globalpracticeEnvironment and Natural Resources
okr.globalpracticeWater
okr.guid942861468268505130
okr.guid815251468268504848
okr.guid220721468268504319
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000442464_20130716092643
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum18009367
okr.identifier.report70004
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2013/07/16/000442464_20130716092643/Rendered/PDF/700040v30ESW0P0box0374379B00PUBLIC0.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeSouth Asia
okr.region.countryIndia
okr.sectorAgriculture, fishing, and forestry :: General agriculture, fishing and forestry sector
okr.sectorPublic Administration, Law, and Justice :: General public administration sector
okr.sectorEnergy and mining :: General energy sector
okr.sectorWater, sanitation and flood protection :: General water, sanitation and flood protection sector
okr.sectorIndustry and trade :: General industry and trade sector
okr.themeEnvironment and natural resources management :: Environmental policies and institutions
okr.themeEnvironment and natural resources management :: Other environment and natural resources management
okr.topicEnvironment::Ecosystems and Natural Habitats
okr.topicEnvironmental Economics and Policies
okr.topicEnvironment::Wildlife Resources
okr.topicWater Resources::Wetlands
okr.topicEnvironment::Climate Change and Environment
okr.unitDisaster Risk Mgmt & Clim Change (SASDC)
okr.volume3 of 3
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