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Trade and Trade Finance Developments in 14 Developing Countries Post September 2008 : A World Bank Survey

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dc.contributor.authorMalouche, Mariem
dc.date.accessioned2012-03-19T19:14:06Z
dc.date.available2012-03-19T19:14:06Z
dc.date.issued2009-11-01
dc.description.abstractIn the aftermath of the Lehman Brothers collapse in September 2008, drop in the supply of trade finance, a critical engine for trade transactions, has become an acute concern for the development community. Banks were increasing pricing on trade finance transactions to cover increased funding costs and higher credit risks, and trade was dropping drastically in most countries, with global trade projected to decline in 2009 for the first time in decades. Yet, little was known about the real impact of the crisis on developing country s capacity to export. The World Bank has commissioned a firm and bank survey on trade and trade finance developments in developing countries during the first quarter of 2009 to collect field information. In total, 425 firms and 78 banks were surveyed in 14 developing countries across five regions. This paper summarizes the findings of the survey as well as discusses the type of policies governments and international organizations put in place to mitigate the impact of the crisis. In sum, the survey findings confirmed that the global financial crisis has constrained trade finance for exporters and importers in developing countries. But the impact varied by the firm size, sectoral activity, and countries integration into the global economy. In particular, SMEs were particularly affected, and export diversification was made more difficult, especially in low income countries. Nevertheless, drop in demand has emerged as the top concern of firms at the time when the survey was conducted in March-April 2009.en
dc.identifierhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20091120140014
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-5138
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/4329
dc.languageEnglish
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research working paper ; no. WPS 5138
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectACCESS TO CREDIT
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS
dc.subjectALTERNATIVE SOURCES OF FINANCING
dc.subjectARREARS
dc.subjectBALANCE OF PAYMENTS
dc.subjectBANK CREDIT
dc.subjectBANK LENDING
dc.subjectBANK OF INDONESIA
dc.subjectBANK PORTFOLIOS
dc.subjectBANKING INDUSTRY
dc.subjectBANKING SECTOR
dc.subjectBANKING SYSTEM
dc.subjectBANKING SYSTEMS
dc.subjectBANKS
dc.subjectBASIS POINTS
dc.subjectBINDING CONSTRAINT
dc.subjectBORROWING
dc.subjectBROKERS
dc.subjectBUSINESS STRATEGIES
dc.subjectCAPACITY CONSTRAINTS
dc.subjectCAPITAL BASE
dc.subjectCAPITAL MARKETS
dc.subjectCAPITAL REQUIREMENTS
dc.subjectCAPITALIZATION
dc.subjectCASH FLOW
dc.subjectCASH RATIO
dc.subjectCASH RESERVE
dc.subjectCASH RESERVE RATIO
dc.subjectCASH RESERVES
dc.subjectCENTRAL BANK
dc.subjectCENTRAL BANK OF TUNISIA
dc.subjectCHEAP MONEY
dc.subjectCOLLATERAL
dc.subjectCOMMERCIAL BANK
dc.subjectCOMMERCIAL BANKS
dc.subjectCOMMERCIAL CREDIT
dc.subjectCOMMODITY PRICES
dc.subjectCONSUMER GOODS
dc.subjectCREDIT ACCESS
dc.subjectCREDIT AGENCIES
dc.subjectCREDIT AGENCY
dc.subjectCREDIT GUARANTEE
dc.subjectCREDIT GUARANTEES
dc.subjectCREDIT HISTORIES
dc.subjectCREDIT INSTITUTIONS
dc.subjectCREDIT LINE
dc.subjectCREDIT LINES
dc.subjectCREDIT MARKET
dc.subjectCREDIT RISK
dc.subjectCREDIT RISK EVALUATION
dc.subjectCREDIT RISKS
dc.subjectCREDIT STANDING
dc.subjectCREDITORS
dc.subjectCREDITS
dc.subjectCURRENT ACCOUNT
dc.subjectDEBT
dc.subjectDEBT PAYMENTS
dc.subjectDEBTORS
dc.subjectDEPOSIT
dc.subjectDEPOSITS
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRY
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT BANK
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT BANKS
dc.subjectDIVERSIFICATION
dc.subjectDOMESTIC BANKS
dc.subjectDOMESTIC FINANCIAL MARKETS
dc.subjectDOMESTIC MARKETS
dc.subjectDOWN PAYMENT
dc.subjectDOWN PAYMENTS
dc.subjectDUE DILIGENCE
dc.subjectDURABLE
dc.subjectDURABLE GOODS
dc.subjectECONOMIC CONDITIONS
dc.subjectECONOMIC CRISIS
dc.subjectECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIC POLICIES
dc.subjectECONOMIC POLICY
dc.subjectELIGIBILITY CRITERIA
dc.subjectEMERGING ECONOMIES
dc.subjectEMERGING MARKETS
dc.subjectEQUIPMENT
dc.subjectEQUIPMENTS
dc.subjectEXPORT COMPETITIVENESS
dc.subjectEXPORT EARNINGS
dc.subjectEXPORT FINANCING
dc.subjectEXPORT GROWTH
dc.subjectEXPORT IMPORT BANKS
dc.subjectEXPORTER
dc.subjectEXPORTERS
dc.subjectFACTORING
dc.subjectFINANCE CONSTRAINTS
dc.subjectFINANCE COSTS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL COSTS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL CRISES
dc.subjectFINANCIAL CRISIS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL INSTITUTION
dc.subjectFINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL MARKETS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL RESOURCES
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SERVICES
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SUPPORT
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SYSTEM
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SYSTEMS
dc.subjectFINANCING ACCESS
dc.subjectFISCAL DEFICIT
dc.subjectFOREIGN BANKS
dc.subjectFOREIGN CAPITAL
dc.subjectFOREIGN CURRENCIES
dc.subjectFOREIGN CURRENCY
dc.subjectFOREIGN EXCHANGE
dc.subjectFOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES
dc.subjectFOREIGN MARKETS
dc.subjectGLOBAL ECONOMY
dc.subjectGLOBAL TRADE
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT INTERVENTION
dc.subjectGUARANTEE REQUIREMENTS
dc.subjectHANDICRAFTS
dc.subjectIMPORT TARIFFS
dc.subjectINCOME LEVELS
dc.subjectINFLATION
dc.subjectINFLATION RATES
dc.subjectINFORMATION SYSTEM
dc.subjectINSTRUMENT
dc.subjectINSURANCE
dc.subjectINSURANCE AGENCIES
dc.subjectINSURANCE AGENCY
dc.subjectINSURANCE COMPANIES
dc.subjectINSURANCE COMPANY
dc.subjectINSURANCE CORPORATION
dc.subjectINSURANCE PRODUCT
dc.subjectINSURANCE SERVICES
dc.subjectINTEREST RATE
dc.subjectINTEREST RATE ADJUSTMENTS
dc.subjectINTEREST RATE CEILING
dc.subjectINTEREST RATE CEILINGS
dc.subjectINTEREST RATES
dc.subjectINTEREST SUBSIDY
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL BANK
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL BANKS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL CREDIT
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL FINANCE
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTION
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKETS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL MARKET
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL TRADE
dc.subjectINVENTORIES
dc.subjectINVENTORY
dc.subjectINVESTMENT BANKING
dc.subjectLACK OF FINANCE
dc.subjectLEGISLATION
dc.subjectLENDING DECISIONS
dc.subjectLENDING PORTFOLIOS
dc.subjectLENDING REQUIREMENTS
dc.subjectLETTER OF CREDIT
dc.subjectLETTERS OF CREDIT
dc.subjectLETTERS OF CREDITS
dc.subjectLINES OF CREDIT
dc.subjectLINES OF CREDITS
dc.subjectLIQUIDITY
dc.subjectLIQUIDITY CONSTRAINTS
dc.subjectLOAN
dc.subjectLOAN PORTFOLIO
dc.subjectLOAN PORTFOLIOS
dc.subjectLOCAL BANKS
dc.subjectLOCAL CURRENCY
dc.subjectMARKET ACCESS
dc.subjectMARKET FAILURE
dc.subjectMATURITIES
dc.subjectMATURITY
dc.subjectMORAL HAZARD
dc.subjectMORTGAGE
dc.subjectMULTINATIONAL
dc.subjectMULTINATIONAL BANKS
dc.subjectNEW COMPANIES
dc.subjectNEW MARKETS
dc.subjectPENSION
dc.subjectPENSION FUNDS
dc.subjectPOLITICAL RISK
dc.subjectPRIVATE BANKS
dc.subjectPRIVATE CREDIT
dc.subjectPRIVATE LENDERS
dc.subjectPROFITABILITY
dc.subjectPROPERTY TAX
dc.subjectPUBLIC BANKS
dc.subjectRECEIPTS
dc.subjectRECESSION
dc.subjectREGIONAL DEVELOPMENT BANKS
dc.subjectREMITTANCES
dc.subjectRESERVE BANK OF INDIA
dc.subjectRESERVE REQUIREMENT
dc.subjectRETAINED EARNINGS
dc.subjectRISK AVERSION
dc.subjectRISK MITIGATION
dc.subjectSELF-FINANCING
dc.subjectSHORT-TERM FINANCING
dc.subjectSHORT-TERM TRADE FINANCE
dc.subjectSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectSOCIAL SECURITY
dc.subjectSTATE BANK
dc.subjectSTRUCTURAL PROBLEMS
dc.subjectSUBORDINATED DEBT
dc.subjectSUPPLY CHAIN
dc.subjectSUPPLY CHAINS
dc.subjectTAX CREDITS
dc.subjectTECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectTECHNICAL SUPPORT
dc.subjectTELECOMMUNICATIONS
dc.subjectTERM CREDITS
dc.subjectTIER 2 CAPITAL
dc.subjectTRADE CREDIT
dc.subjectTRADE CREDITS
dc.subjectTRADE FINANCING
dc.subjectTRADE FLOWS
dc.subjectTRADE VOLUME
dc.subjectTRADING
dc.subjectTREASURY
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectUNION
dc.subjectWORKING CAPITAL
dc.titleTrade and Trade Finance Developments in 14 Developing Countries Post September 2008 : A World Bank Surveyen
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crossref.titleTrade And Trade Finance Developments In 14 Developing Countries Post September 2008 - A World Bank Survey
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-10T12:00:08.397907Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Policy Research Working Paper
okr.docurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20091120140014
okr.guid514711468313506103
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-5138
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000158349_20091120140014
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum11391548
okr.identifier.reportWPS5138
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2009/11/20/000158349_20091120140014/Rendered/PDF/WPS5138.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeThe World Region
okr.region.administrativeThe World Region
okr.unitDevelopment Research Group (DECRG)
okr.volume1 of 1
relation.isAuthorOfPublication259b33db-3506-514c-8f92-5e47a983fdc2
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery259b33db-3506-514c-8f92-5e47a983fdc2
relation.isSeriesOfPublication26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
relation.isSeriesOfPublication.latestForDiscovery26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
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