Publication: Ethiopia : Focusing Public Expenditures on Poverty Reduction, Volume 1. Main Report
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2001-12-20
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2001-12-20
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The topics for this review were determined by the Government in consultation with a core group of donors at a workshop in Brussels organized by the European Commission in November 2000. The Government suggested reviewing public expenditures at the regional level, starting with three regions. This public expenditure review (PER) marks the first explicit attempt at Regional PERs. This integrated report draws on draft reports from the January-April 2000 mission as well as from a workshop held in Addis Ababa during September 17-18, 2001. The theme amd the focus topics for this PER emerged out of consultations between the Ethiopian governmentand a core donor group at a workshop in Brussels organized by the European Commission in November 2000. This PER is set on three premises: 1) It is thematically set in the context of the Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper and the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries document; 2) It focuses on getting a better understanding of the budgetary institutions, systems and processes at the regional level; and 3) the PER analysis and recommendations are intended to harmonize with the sequence and pace of the Government of Ethiopia's Expenditure Management and Control Program.
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“World Bank. 2001. Ethiopia : Focusing Public Expenditures on Poverty Reduction, Volume 1. Main Report. Public expenditure review (PER);. © World Bank. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/15429 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO.”
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Publication Ethiopia : Public Expenditure Review, Volume 1. Main Report(Washington, DC, 2000-08-31)This Public Expenditure Review (PER), is the seventh in a series of annual PERs for Ethiopia, addressing issues of public expenditure management, relevant to the government, and donors. As such, and as a result of a shared understanding between the Government, and a core donor group, the report shifts the emphasis from analysis, to problem solving, and, from perspective of the federal government, to the joint perspective of the federal, and regional governments. The progressive fiscal toll resulting from the border conflict, is examined within an economic context, for although the government did contain the fiscal impact of the conflict by financing defense expenditures through budget contingencies, and other budgetary funds, it appears fiscal limits have been reached, as the significant recourse to domestic financing, and reduced capital spending, jeopardize the expansion of basic social services. Fiscal performance is reviewed, fiscal outcomes are projected, and risks and alternatives analyzed, within the context of an information systems for strategic expenditure management, through performance indicators for budget planning, and financial reporting. However, the report identifies the need to provide technical assistance for developing output, and outcome indicators, for building databases, and for capacity building, which would clarify acceptance by the government, of PER recommendations, and its implementation. It is suggested that a Joint Review Mission, based on the Annual Review Meeting, be adapted for the PER process, to include an institutional involvement of the regions, in identifying, analyzing, and implementing recommendations.Publication The United Republic of Tanzania : Public Expenditure Review(Washington, DC, 2001-10)This public expenditure review (PER) examines the budget performance for FY00- and the first eight months of FY01, when domestic revenue remained at the same low level as in the previous year (1.15 percent of GDP), while expenditures increased in FY00 by one percentage point, i.e., 15.9 percent of GDP. Some progress has been made in enhancing funding for priority activities in the areas or primary education, health care, roads and water, with most of the increased spending being at the district level. Likewise, progress has been made in bringing a greater share of donor financed development spending into the budget. Nonetheless, deviations between the budget presented at the National Assembly, and expenditure outturns, remain significant, especially for non-priority sectors, and, contingency funds retained by the Ministry of Finance are substantial. It is highlighted that problems in public expenditure management persist, being the main one the mismatch between available resources, and the intended scope of Government activities. Under-funding of budgets undermines prudent budget management, thus recommendations suggest reviews by Government to ensure fully funded expenditures for FY02. Recommendations to ease the mismatch between monthly cash requirements, and exchequer releases, suggest the presentation of a cash flow plan to conform to aggregate ceilings, as an instrument to respect overall yearly budget ceilings, but separating contingency provisions to minimize unforeseen expenditures. Concerning payment arrears, a relief program is recommended to clear the debt stock of poor local authorities.Publication The Republic of Uganda - Public Expenditure Review : Report on the Progress and Challenges of Budget Reforms(Washington, DC, 2002-09-23)This PER emphasizes the importance of the government and its development partners developing a systematic program and a sequenced approach to address identified concerns to allow Uganda to achieve macrostability, fiscal sustainability, and poverty reduction. The report is organized in seven chapters. Chapter 1 discusses the macro challenges Uganda faces and how these are linked to fiscal considerations. Macrostability has largely been achieved with satisfactory growth rates higher than in the previous year. But the unprecedented terms of trade shock has resulted in the decline of total receipts from exports. The reduction of foreign exchange revenues in combination with lower revenue collections has led to fiscal constraints. Chapter 2 notes the need to ensure stakeholder contribution to the budget process and to improve quality of budget planning, choices, and predictability. Chapter 3 analyzes the health, education, and water and sanitation sectors and describes the great progress made in aloocative efficiency --although these sectors are experiencing major challenges in achieving operational efficiency. Chapter 4 discusses how the government has "commitment control systems (CCSs)" to address the problem of arrears. Chapter 5 identifies how Uganda uses tracking systems to identify problems in flow of funds. Chapter 6 discusses the growing challenges for budget preparation, execution, and monitoring at the local government level. Chapter 7 draws conclusions.Publication Ethiopia : Focusing Public Expenditures on Poverty Reduction, Volume 3. Public Expenditure Review of Oromiya Region(Washington, DC, 2001-12-20)The topics for this review were determined by the Government in consultation with a core group of donors at a workshop in Brussels organized by the European Commission in November 2000. The Government suggested reviewing public expenditures at the regional level, starting with three regions. This public expenditure review (PER) marks the first explicit attempt at Regional PERs. This integrated report draws on draft reports from the January-April 2000 mission as well as from a workshop held in Addis Ababa during September 17-18, 2001. The theme amd the focus topics for this PER emerged out of consultations between the Ethiopian governmentand a core donor group at a workshop in Brussels organized by the European Commission in November 2000. This PER is set on three premises: 1) It is thematically set in the context of the Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper and the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries document; 2) It focuses on getting a better understanding of the budgetary institutions, systems and processes at the regional level; and 3) the PER analysis and recommendations are intended to harmonize with the sequence and pace of the Government of Ethiopia's Expenditure Management and Control Program.Publication A Guide to Government in Afghanistan(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2004-04)This guide has three objectives: First and foremost, it seeks to provide newcomers to the Administrative and political scene in Afghanistan with a basic guide to the structures and processes of government. Second and related, it intends to provide reformers with some understanding of how to work "with the grain" of the existing institutional arrangements. Third, this report seeks to pay tribute to the remarkable people who have kept the system running and who are now reforming it. In pursuing these objectives, this guide attempts to set out these underlying strengths of the public sector, describing the evolution of the Afghan state, the current political context, and the administrative and organizational components of the government. It sets out the legal basis and organizational responsibilities for key fiscal tasks including revenue collection, budget preparation and execution, and accounting and audit. It also describes the organizational structures in the provinces, the way in which the staffing establishment is determined, and the structure of pay and grading. In particular, it looks at the arrangements for service delivery in the education and health sectors. A companion paper, "Subnational Administration in Afghanistan : Assessment and Recommendations for Action," (report no. 29415) outlines some specific recommendations resulting from these studies.
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