Publication: Situation Analysis : Sanitation Scenario in Hoshangabad, Madhya Pradesh
Loading...
Published
2009-02
ISSN
Date
2014-03-25
Author(s)
Editor(s)
Abstract
Excreta and wastewater contain high concentrations of pathogens. Poor excreta and wastewater handling and disposal leads to excreted pathogens entering the environment. This coupled with lack of adequate personal and domestic hygiene; in-sanitary conditions at community level and discharge of untreated wastewater pose high risk to human health. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 2.2 million people die annually from diarrheal diseases and that 10 percent of the population of the developing world are severely infected with intestinal worms related to improper waste and excreta management (WHO 2000). Improving access to sanitation facilities and management of liquid waste continues to be a major challenge for all ULBs in India. According to census 2001, about 285 million people (54.79 million households) lived in urban areas. Nearly 26 percent of these households lacked access to sanitation facilities (and most were forced to defecate in the open). In the same year, 32 percent of 2.79 million urban households in Madhya Pradesh lacked access to sanitation facilities. Madhya Pradesh, popularly referred as the heartland of lndia, has 338 urban centers (GOMP, 2007). In 2001, the level of urbanization (at about 27 percent) in the state was comparable with the national urbanization level (28 percent). More than a third of the state's urban population lives in 9 major cities of the state. According to GOMP (2007), in 1991, only about 45 percent urban households had access to all three facilities of water, sanitation and electricity. By 2001, this proportion went up to about 62 percent. Though this is a significant progress, there is still a long way to achieve universal access. Nearly 12 percent urban households lack access to safe drinking water. The status of urban sanitation is abysmal with only about 53 percent households reporting access to improved sanitation facilities. Among the rest, 15 percent access 'other' latrines and a large proportion of households (32 percent) lacked access to sanitation facilities. Thus, improving access to improved sanitation facilities continues to be a major challenge despite more than two decades of focus and attention to the sector.
Link to Data Set
Citation
“More, Pravin. 2009. Situation Analysis : Sanitation Scenario in Hoshangabad, Madhya Pradesh. Water and Sanitation Program. © http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17383 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO.”
Digital Object Identifier
Associated URLs
Associated content
Other publications in this report series
Journal
Journal Volume
Journal Issue
Collections
Related items
Showing items related by metadata.
Publication Support to Government of India for Implementation of National Urban Sanitation Policy(Washington, DC, 2015-04-28)This synthesis report details the process, outputs and intermediate outcomes of the World Bank’s Water and Sanitation Program (WSP) Technical Assistance (TA) to Support Government of India for implementation of the National Urban Sanitation Policy (P131963). The objective of this TA was to (i) strengthen urban sanitation services and target the urban poor by development of strategies for regulation, funds allocation, improved accountability mechanisms and implementation of inclusive sanitation policies at national level and in at least five states, with two of these low-income states (LIS). This was to be supplemented with (ii) enabling design and use of improved performance monitoring systems by Government of India, 3 states and 300 urban local bodies by 2015, and (iii) strengthen capacity of local urban government institutions to provide improved – inclusive and sustainable – sanitation services for all. This TA provides the building blocks for sustainable sanitation improvements which are being adopted and implemented as part of another TA (P131967) in Madhya Pradesh and Tripura to pilot and operationalize City Sanitation Plans (CSPs) towards outcome oriented sector improvements. The areas addressed in this TA include the following specific goals of the NUSP: open defecation free cities, and integrated city-wide sanitation. The TA provided assistance to central government and the states in putting in place various elements identified as necessary for sector improvement, including planning, provisioning and monitoring processes. The TA also identified the need for the cities to see opportunities for financial recovery of investments through reuse and recycle strategies, to strengthen the incentive for investment in sanitation improvements.Publication Poor-Inclusive Urban Sanitation : An Overview(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2013-08)Most of the world's population now lives in urban areas, and in developing regions the proportion living in cities and towns has risen from 35 percent in 1990 to 45 percent in 2010, from 1.4 billion to 2.5 billion people (Jacobsen et al. 2012). A 2008 World Bank analysis estimated that a third of people living on less than US$2 per day reside in urban areas, and United Nation or UN-habitat estimates that just under 40 percent of urban dwellers live in slums, a number that is growing by more than 20 million per year (Baker 2008). These disparities highlight a pressing need to address the urban sanitation challenge comprehensively, with emphasis on including slum dwellers and poor communities that have typically been neglected. Without concerted intervention, the prospects of cholera, diarrhea, and worm infections will increase, jeopardizing education, productivity, and the quality of life for all urban dwellers. Although this overview of urban sanitation has shown that the current situation is far from ideal, and that widespread improvements will not occur at the present rate of progress, it also identifies initiatives that have potential for wider replication. There is no 'silver bullet' that will deliver improved sanitation to the developing world's burgeoning cities, and some key technical issues remain to be resolved, but much can be achieved by applying what is already known and proven in practice.Publication Living without Sanitary Sewers in Latin America : The Business of Collecting Fecal Sludge in Four Latin American Cities(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2012-03)The present report spotlights the major challenges and the opportunities that lie ahead in fecal sludge management and summarizes the findings from four case studies that describe the current and potential market for sludge removal, collection, and disposal in peri-urban areas. These areas, inhabited by a variety of ethnic, religious, and cultural groups, typically struggle with high population density, insufficient land use planning, high citizen insecurity, and low coverage with basic services. The report demonstrates how technical, financial, environmental, social, regulatory, political, and institutional factors interact to create supply and demand in four markets where coverage with sanitary sewerage services is below the regional average, namely: Santa Cruz (Bolivia), Guatemala City (Guatemala), Tegucigalpa (Honduras), and Managua (Nicaragua).Publication Economic Assessment of Sanitation Interventions in Lao People's Democratic Republic(Washington, DC, 2013-08)Access to improved sanitation is a major concern in the Lao People s Democratic Republic. Only 63 percent of the population of the country had access to improved sanitation facilities in 2010. Sanitation conditions are worse in rural areas. This study aims to generate evidence on the costs and benefits of sanitation improvements Lao PDR.Publication Urban Sanitation Review : Indonesia Country Study(Washington, DC, 2013-09)This Indonesia country study forms part of the East Asia urban sanitation review. The review will develop a regional strategic framework to help guide national urban sanitation programs and their implementation in emerging middle income countries. Almost half of Indonesia's population lives in urban areas and their need for safe wastewater management services are growing rapidly. Beginning in 2000, the central government embarked on a series of initiatives to reform water supply and sanitation sector policies. These reforms were aligned with decentralization which devolved responsibility for sanitation to the local government. Despite these initiatives, urban sanitation continues to perform inadequately and faces critical issues that need to be urgently addressed. This document presents a detailed analysis of the issue, as well as recommendations for future action.
Users also downloaded
Showing related downloaded files
Publication World Bank Annual Report 2024(Washington, DC: World Bank, 2024-10-25)This annual report, which covers the period from July 1, 2023, to June 30, 2024, has been prepared by the Executive Directors of both the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) and the International Development Association (IDA)—collectively known as the World Bank—in accordance with the respective bylaws of the two institutions. Ajay Banga, President of the World Bank Group and Chairman of the Board of Executive Directors, has submitted this report, together with the accompanying administrative budgets and audited financial statements, to the Board of Governors.Publication Texting Parents about Early Child Development(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2020-12)Parenting interventions have the potential to improve early childhood development. Text messages are considered a promising channel to deliver parenting information at large scale. This paper tests whether sending text messages about parenting practices impacts early childhood development. Households in rural Nicaragua were randomly assigned to receive messages about nutrition, health, stimulation, or the home environment. The intervention led to significant changes in self-reported parenting practices. However, it did not translate into improvements in children's cognitive development. When local opinion leaders were randomly exposed to the same text message intervention, parental investments declined and children's outcomes deteriorated. Since interactions between parents and leaders about child development also decreased, the negative effects may have resulted from a crowding-out of some local leaders.Publication Mozambique - Analysis of Public Expenditure in Agriculture : Core Analysis(World Bank, 2011-02-19)The objective of this Agriculture Public Expenditure Review (AgPER) is to provide an assessment of the present situation and to offer recommendations to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of public spending in agriculture in Mozambique. The report provides a sectorwide picture of the magnitude and structure of public spending for agriculture in Mozambique over the past six years, and an overall assessment of the budget process in agriculture. It is intended that this analysis will inform future decisions over priority public expenditures for agriculture and the shifts in expenditure allocations and other measures that are necessary to make the most effective and efficient use of government budgetary resources and donors' contributions in the agriculture sector. The information is also meant to inform the New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD) secretariat about the level and structure of spending in agriculture in Mozambique, and help the Ministry of Agriculture; since 2005 (MINAG) to report suitable figures to NEPAD. The report discusses the budget process in agriculture (budget planning, execution, and reporting) and the linkages between agricultural sector policies and strategy and public expenditures. It suggests possible ways to raise the effectiveness and efficiency of current public spending in agriculture, with a view to enhancing its contribution to Mozambique's economic growth and poverty reduction objectives. An analysis of the spatial pattern of expenditure is also provided. Some emphasis is placed on the adequacy of data sources and planning and on the budgeting procedures necessary in order to continuously align expenditure to objectives, and to maximize their impact. The report also draws some broad conclusions with regard to key options of agricultural policy on the basis of the data collected and available information on the relationship between costs and effects of selected activity strata.Publication Economy Profile of United States(World Bank, Washington, DC, 2017-11-01)Doing Business 2018 is the 15th in a series of annual reports investigating the regulations that enhance business activity and those that constrain it. This economy profile presents the Doing Business indicators for United States. Doing Business presents quantitative indicators on business regulation and the protection of property rights that can be compared across 190 economies; for 2018 United States ranks 6. Doing Business measures aspects of regulation affecting 11 areas of the life of a business. Ten of these areas are included in this year’s ranking on the ease of doing business: starting a business, dealing with construction permits, getting electricity, registering property, getting credit, protecting minority investors, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts and resolving insolvency. Doing Business also measures features of labor market regulation, which is not included in this year’s ranking. Data in Doing Business 2018 are current as of June 1, 2017. The indicators are used to analyze economic outcomes and identify what reforms of business regulation have worked, where and why.Publication Vietnam(World Bank, Hanoi, 2020-05-01)Following from Vietnam’s ratification of the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) in late 2018 and its effectiveness from January 2019, and the European Parliament’s recent approval of the European Union-Vietnam Free Trade Agreement (EVFTA) and its subsequent planned ratification by the National Assembly in May 2020, Vietnam has further demonstrated its determination to be a modern, competitive, open economy. As the COVID-19 (Coronavirus) crisis has clearly shown, diversified markets and supply chains will be key in the future global context to managing the risk of disruptions in trade and in supply chains due to changing trade relationships, climate change, natural disasters, and disease outbreaks. In those regards, Vietnam is in a stronger position than most countries in the region. The benefits of globalization are increasingly being debated and questioned. However, in the case of Vietnam, the benefits have been clear in terms of high and consistent economic growth and a large reduction in poverty levels. As Vietnam moves to ratify and implement a new generation of free trade agreements (FTAs), such as the CPTPP and EVFTA, it is important to clearly demonstrate, in a transparent manner, the economic gains and distributional impacts (such as sectoral and poverty) from joining these FTAs. In the meantime, it is crucial to highlight the legal gaps that must be addressed to ensure that national laws and regulations are in compliance with Vietnam’s obligations under these FTAs. Readiness to implement this new generation of FTAs at both the national and subnational level is important to ensure that the country maximizes the full economic benefits in terms of trade and investment. This report explores the issues of globalization and the integration of Vietnam into the global economy, particularly through implementation of the EVFTA.