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Do Immigrants Shield the Locals? Exposure to COVID-Related Risks in the European Union

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dc.contributor.authorBossavie, Laurent
dc.contributor.authorGarrote Sánchez, Daniel
dc.contributor.authorMakovec, Mattia
dc.contributor.authorOzden, Caglar
dc.date.accessioned2020-12-17T15:41:32Z
dc.date.available2020-12-17T15:41:32Z
dc.date.issued2020-12
dc.description.abstractThis paper investigates the relationship between immigration and the exposure of native workers to the health and labor-market risks arising from the COVID-19 pandemic. Using various measures of occupational risks based on European Union labor force survey data, the paper finds that immigrant workers, especially those from lower-income member countries in Eastern Europe or from outside the EU, face greater exposure than their native-born peers to both income and health-shocks related to COVID-19. The paper also shows that native workers living in regions with a higher concentration of immigrants are less exposed to some of the income and health risks associated with the pandemic. To assess whether this relationship is causal, a Bartik-type shift-share instrument is used to control for potential bias and unobservable factors that would lead migrants to self-select into more vulnerable occupations across regions. The results show that the presence of immigrant workers has a causal effect in reducing the exposure of native workers to various risks by enabling the native-born workers to move into jobs that could be undertaken from the safety of their homes or with lower face-to-face interactions. The effects on the native-born population are more pronounced for high-skilled workers than for low-skilled workers, and for women than for men. The paper does not find a significant effect of immigration on wages and employment — indicating that the effects are mostly driven by a reallocation of natives from less safe jobs to safer jobs.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/634461608129241833/Do-Immigrants-Push-Natives-towards-Safer-Jobs-Exposure-to-COVID-19-in-the-European-Union
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-9500
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/34944
dc.languageEnglish
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research Working Paper;No. 9500
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo
dc.subjectIMMIGRANT LABOR
dc.subjectMIGRATION
dc.subjectMIGRANT WORKER
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION
dc.subjectOCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET
dc.subjectOCCUPATIONAL CHOICE
dc.subjectCORONAVIRUS
dc.subjectCOVID-19
dc.subjectPANDEMIC IMPACT
dc.titleDo Immigrants Shield the Locals? Exposure to COVID-Related Risks in the European Unionen
dc.typeWorking Paperen
dc.typeDocument de travailfr
dc.typeDocumento de trabajoes
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crossref.titleDo Immigrants Push Natives towards Safer Jobs ? Exposure to COVID-19 in the European Union
okr.date.disclosure2020-12-16
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-10T11:49:48.919726Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Policy Research Working Paper
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/634461608129241833/Do-Immigrants-Push-Natives-towards-Safer-Jobs-Exposure-to-COVID-19-in-the-European-Union
okr.guid634461608129241833
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-9500
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum090224b088454536_2_0
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum32676390
okr.identifier.reportWPS9500
okr.importedtrueen
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/634461608129241833/pdf/Do-Immigrants-Push-Natives-towards-Safer-Jobs-Exposure-to-COVID-19-in-the-European-Union.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeEurope and Central Asia
okr.region.geographicalEuropean Union
okr.statistics.combined1272
okr.statistics.dr634461608129241833
okr.statistics.drstats766
okr.topicHealth, Nutrition and Population::Disease Control & Prevention
okr.topicPoverty Reduction::Migration and Development
okr.topicPoverty Reduction::Poverty and Health
okr.topicSocial Protections and Labor::Employment and Unemployment
okr.topicSocial Protections and Labor::Labor Markets
okr.unitSocial Protection and Jobs Global Practice; and the Development Research Group
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