Publication:
Not All That It Seems: Narrowing of Gender Gaps in Employment During the Onset of COVID-19 in Indonesia

Simple item page
dc.contributor.authorHalim, Daniel
dc.contributor.authorHambali, Sean
dc.contributor.authorPurnamasari, Ririn Salwa
dc.date.accessioned2023-03-09T19:45:33Z
dc.date.available2023-03-09T19:45:33Z
dc.date.issued2023-03
dc.description.abstractThis paper studies the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on Indonesia’s labor market by exploiting the exogeneous timing of the pandemic in a seasonal difference-in-differences framework. The analysis uses multiple rounds of Indonesia’s National Labor Force Survey from 2016 to 2020 to establish a pre-pandemic employment trend and then attribute any excess difference in employment outcomes from this trend as the estimated effect of the pandemic on individual employment outcomes. The results suggest that the pandemic has had mixed effects on the Indonesian labor market. While the pandemic has narrowed the gender gaps in employment participation through the “added worker effect” among women, it has also lowered the overall employment quality among both gender groups. The findings show that the increase in female employment is primarily driven by women in rural areas without high school education, entering informal work, agricultural employment, or unpaid family work. For men, the pandemic has had adverse impacts on their employment across the board in all sub-populations. Consistent with findings from other studies, steeper employment declines are observed in urban areas, particularly among males. Among those employed, both women and men work fewer hours and earn lower wages.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099847503012372120/IDU0af18d6630517704e7a09b9b003262aacb4b2
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-10337
dc.identifier.urihttps://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/39499
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherWashington, DC: World Bank
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research Working Papers; 10337
dc.rightsCC BY-NC 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.subjectFEMALE EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectCOVID-19 PANDEMIC
dc.subjectINDONESIA
dc.subjectINFORMAL SECTOR
dc.titleNot All That It Seemsen
dc.title.subtitleNarrowing of Gender Gaps in Employment During the Onset of COVID-19 in Indonesiaen
dc.typeWorking Paper
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crossref.titleNot All That It Seems: Narrowing of Gender Gaps in Employment During the Onset of COVID-19 in Indonesia
okr.date.disclosure2023-03-01
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-07T08:37:12.154717Z
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-08T16:17:58.976785Z
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-09T02:49:33.639795Z
okr.date.lastmodified2023-03-01T00:00:00Zen
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Policy Research Working Paper
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099847503012372120/IDU0af18d6630517704e7a09b9b003262aacb4b2
okr.guid099847503012372120
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-10337
okr.identifier.doihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-10337
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum34011328
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum34011328
okr.identifier.reportWPS10337
okr.import.id14
okr.importedtrueen
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099847503012372120/pdf/IDU0af18d6630517704e7a09b9b003262aacb4b2.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeEast Asia and Pacific
okr.region.countryIndonesia
okr.sectorSocial Protection
okr.topicSocial Protections and Labor::Employment and Unemployment
okr.topicGender::Gender and Rural Development
okr.topicHealth, Nutrition and Population::SARS
okr.topicSocial Protections and Labor::Labor Markets
okr.topicRural Development::Rural Labor Markets
okr.unitSocial EAP 2 (SEAS2)
okr.unitGender Director (HGNDR)
okr.unitEFI-EAP-POV-Poverty and Equity (EEAPV)
relation.isSeriesOfPublication26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
relation.isSeriesOfPublication.latestForDiscovery26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
Files
Original bundle
Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
Thumbnail Image
Name:
IDU0af18d6630517704e7a09b9b003262aacb4b2.pdf
Size:
1.35 MB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Download
No Thumbnail Available
Name:
IDU0af18d6630517704e7a09b9b003262aacb4b2.txt
Size:
130.75 KB
Format:
Plain Text
Download
License bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
No Thumbnail Available
Name:
license.txt
Size:
1.71 KB
Format:
Plain Text
Description:
Download
Collections
Policy Research Working Papers