Publication:
A Comparative Perspective on Poverty Reduction in Brazil, China and India

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dc.contributor.authorRavallion, Martin
dc.date.accessioned2012-03-19T19:14:11Z
dc.date.available2012-03-19T19:14:11Z
dc.date.issued2009-10-01
dc.description.abstractBrazil, China and India have seen falling poverty in their reform periods, but to varying degrees and for different reasons. History left China with favorable initial conditions for rapid poverty reduction through market-led economic growth; at the outset of the reform process there were ample distortions to remove and relatively low inequality in access to the opportunities so created, though inequality has risen markedly since. By concentrating such opportunities in the hands of the better off, prior inequalities in various dimensions handicapped poverty reduction in both Brazil and India. Brazil's recent success in complementing market-oriented reforms with progressive social policies has helped it achieve more rapid poverty reduction than India, although Brazil has been less successful in terms of economic growth. In the wake of its steep rise in inequality, China might learn from Brazil's success with such policies. India needs to do more to assure that poor people are able to participate in both the country's growth process and its social policies; here there are lessons from both China and Brazil. All three countries have learned how important macroeconomic stability is to poverty reduction.en
dc.identifierhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20091130085835
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-5080
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/4333
dc.languageEnglish
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research working paper ; no. WPS 5080
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectABSOLUTE POVERTY
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL EXPORTS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL GROWTH
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL LAND
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL SECTOR
dc.subjectANNUAL GROWTH
dc.subjectANNUAL GROWTH RATE
dc.subjectANTI-POVERTY
dc.subjectAVERAGE INCOME
dc.subjectBASIC EDUCATION
dc.subjectBASIC HEALTH
dc.subjectBUDGET DEFICITS
dc.subjectCASH TRANSFER PROGRAMS
dc.subjectCASH TRANSFERS
dc.subjectCOLLECTIVE FARMS
dc.subjectCONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE
dc.subjectCONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES
dc.subjectCONSUMPTION PER CAPITA
dc.subjectCONSUMPTION SMOOTHING
dc.subjectCOST-EFFECTIVENESS
dc.subjectCOUNTRY REGRESSIONS
dc.subjectDATA ISSUES
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRY
dc.subjectDEVELOPING WORLD
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT RESEARCH
dc.subjectDISTRIBUTIONAL CHANGE
dc.subjectDISTRIBUTIONAL CHANGES
dc.subjectDISTRIBUTIONAL EFFECT
dc.subjectDISTRIBUTIONAL EFFECTS
dc.subjectECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectECONOMIC PERFORMANCE
dc.subjectECONOMIC POLICIES
dc.subjectECONOMIC POLICY
dc.subjectECONOMIC REFORM
dc.subjectECONOMIC STAGNATION
dc.subjectECONOMICS
dc.subjectECONOMICS LETTERS
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
dc.subjectEGS
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT GUARANTEE SCHEME
dc.subjectEXCHANGE RATE
dc.subjectEXCHANGE RATES
dc.subjectFAMINE
dc.subjectFARM GROWTH
dc.subjectFARM OUTPUT
dc.subjectFARM PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectFARM PRODUCTS
dc.subjectFARM SECTOR
dc.subjectFARM WORK
dc.subjectFARMERS
dc.subjectFARMLAND
dc.subjectFEMALE LITERACY
dc.subjectFOOD AVAILABILITY
dc.subjectFOOD INSECURITY
dc.subjectFOOD MARKETS
dc.subjectFOOD STAPLES
dc.subjectFOOD SUBSIDIES
dc.subjectFOOD-FOR-EDUCATION
dc.subjectGENDER GAPS
dc.subjectGEOGRAPHIC POVERTY TRAPS
dc.subjectGINI INDEX
dc.subjectGLOBAL ECONOMY
dc.subjectGLOBAL POVERTY
dc.subjectGROWTH EFFECT
dc.subjectGROWTH ELASTICITY
dc.subjectGROWTH PROCESS
dc.subjectGROWTH PROSPECTS
dc.subjectGROWTH RATE
dc.subjectGROWTH RATES
dc.subjectHEALTH CARE
dc.subjectHIGH INEQUALITY
dc.subjectHIGH INFLATION
dc.subjectHIGHER INEQUALITY
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD INCOME
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD INCOMES
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SURVEY
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD WELFARE
dc.subjectHUMAN ASSETS
dc.subjectHUMAN CAPITAL
dc.subjectHUMAN DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectIMPACT ON POVERTY
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINCOME DISTRIBUTION
dc.subjectINCOME GROWTH
dc.subjectINCOME INEQUALITY
dc.subjectINCOME REDISTRIBUTION
dc.subjectINCOME SUPPORT
dc.subjectINDICATOR TARGETING
dc.subjectINDIVIDUAL FARMERS
dc.subjectINDUSTRIAL POLICY
dc.subjectINEQUALITY
dc.subjectINEQUALITY CONVERGENCE
dc.subjectINEQUALITY MEASURES
dc.subjectINEQUALITY WILL
dc.subjectINFANT MORTALITY
dc.subjectINFANT MORTALITY RATE
dc.subjectINSURANCE
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL POVERTY LINE
dc.subjectLAND RIGHTS
dc.subjectLANDHOLDINGS
dc.subjectLIFE EXPECTANCY
dc.subjectLONG RUN
dc.subjectLONG-RUN GROWTH
dc.subjectLONG-TERM GROWTH
dc.subjectLOW FARM PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectLOW INEQUALITY
dc.subjectLOW INEQUALITY COUNTRIES
dc.subjectLOW SHARE
dc.subjectMACROECONOMIC INSTABILITY
dc.subjectMACROECONOMIC STABILITY
dc.subjectMACROECONOMIC STABILIZATION
dc.subjectMARGINAL PRODUCT
dc.subjectMARGINAL TAX
dc.subjectMARGINAL TAX RATE
dc.subjectMARKET FAILURES
dc.subjectMEAN INCOME
dc.subjectMEASURING POVERTY
dc.subjectNATIONAL ACCOUNTS
dc.subjectNATIONAL POVERTY
dc.subjectNATIONAL POVERTY LINE
dc.subjectNATIONAL POVERTY LINES
dc.subjectNEGATIVE EFFECT
dc.subjectOUTPUT GROWTH
dc.subjectPAYMENTS CRISIS
dc.subjectPER CAPITA CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectPOLICY CONVERGENCE
dc.subjectPOLICY MAKERS
dc.subjectPOLICY PACKAGE
dc.subjectPOLICY REFORMS
dc.subjectPOLICY RESEARCH
dc.subjectPOLITICAL ECONOMY
dc.subjectPOLITICAL ECONOMY OF TARGETING
dc.subjectPOOR
dc.subjectPOOR AREAS
dc.subjectPOOR COUNTRIES
dc.subjectPOOR FAMILIES
dc.subjectPOOR LIVING
dc.subjectPOOR PARENTS
dc.subjectPOOR PEOPLE
dc.subjectPOVERTY ASSESSMENT
dc.subjectPOVERTY DYNAMICS
dc.subjectPOVERTY ESTIMATES
dc.subjectPOVERTY GAP
dc.subjectPOVERTY GAP INDEX
dc.subjectPOVERTY HEADCOUNT INDEX
dc.subjectPOVERTY IMPACT
dc.subjectPOVERTY LINE
dc.subjectPOVERTY MEASUREMENT
dc.subjectPOVERTY MEASURES
dc.subjectPOVERTY RATE
dc.subjectPOVERTY REDUCING
dc.subjectPOVERTY REDUCTION
dc.subjectPOVERTY-REDUCING GROWTH
dc.subjectPRO-GROWTH STRATEGY
dc.subjectPRO-POOR
dc.subjectPRO-POOR GROWTH
dc.subjectPUBLIC INVESTMENT
dc.subjectPUBLIC SECTOR
dc.subjectPUBLIC SPENDING
dc.subjectPUBLIC WORKS
dc.subjectRAPID GROWTH
dc.subjectREDISTRIBUTIVE POLICIES
dc.subjectREDUCED INEQUALITY
dc.subjectREDUCED POVERTY
dc.subjectREDUCING INEQUALITY
dc.subjectREDUCING POVERTY
dc.subjectREDUCTION IN POVERTY
dc.subjectREFORM EFFORTS
dc.subjectRELATIVE GAINS
dc.subjectRELATIVE IMPORTANCE
dc.subjectRURAL
dc.subjectRURAL AREAS
dc.subjectRURAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectRURAL ECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectRURAL ECONOMIC REFORMS
dc.subjectRURAL ECONOMY
dc.subjectRURAL EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectRURAL GAP
dc.subjectRURAL HINTERLAND
dc.subjectRURAL INCOME
dc.subjectRURAL INFRASTRUCTURE
dc.subjectRURAL LIVING STANDARDS
dc.subjectRURAL POOR
dc.subjectRURAL POVERTY
dc.subjectRURAL POVERTY LINE
dc.subjectRURAL POVERTY LINES
dc.subjectRURAL POVERTY REDUCTION
dc.subjectRURAL SECTOR
dc.subjectSAFETY NET
dc.subjectSAFETY NET PROGRAMS
dc.subjectSAVINGS
dc.subjectSCHOOLING
dc.subjectSECONDARY ENROLLMENT
dc.subjectSECTORAL COMPOSITION
dc.subjectSOCIAL ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectSOCIAL POLICIES
dc.subjectSOCIAL PROTECTION
dc.subjectSOCIAL SECURITY
dc.subjectSOCIAL SPENDING
dc.subjectSTATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES
dc.subjectTARGETED TRANSFERS
dc.subjectTARGETING
dc.subjectTRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectUNSKILLED LABOR
dc.subjectURBAN AREAS
dc.titleA Comparative Perspective on Poverty Reduction in Brazil, China and Indiaen
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crossref.titleA Comparative Perspective On Poverty Reduction In Brazil, China And India
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-10T11:59:05.488618Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Policy Research Working Paper
okr.docurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20091130085835
okr.globalpracticePoverty
okr.guid952341468218101551
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-5080
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000158349_20091130085835
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum11426550
okr.identifier.reportWPS5080
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2009/11/30/000158349_20091130085835/Rendered/PDF/WPS5080.pdfen
okr.region.countryChina
okr.region.countryIndia
okr.region.countryBrazil
okr.topicPoverty Reduction::Services & Transfers to Poor
okr.topicPoverty Reduction::Rural Poverty Reduction
okr.topicPoverty Reduction::Achieving Shared Growth
okr.unitDevelopment Research Group (DECRG)
okr.volume1 of 1
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationd53ceb26-d2be-50fc-a6b3-5bd777691c9c
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoveryd53ceb26-d2be-50fc-a6b3-5bd777691c9c
relation.isSeriesOfPublication26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
relation.isSeriesOfPublication.latestForDiscovery26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
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