Publication:
Reducing Distortions to Agricultural Incentives: Progress, Pitfalls and Prospects
dc.contributor.author | Anderson, Kym | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2012-06-26T19:30:45Z | |
dc.date.available | 2012-06-26T19:30:45Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2006-12 | |
dc.description.abstract | Most of the world's poorest people depend on farming for their livelihood. Earnings from farming in low-income countries are depressed partly due to a pro-urban bias in own-country policies, and partly because richer countries (including some developing countries) favor their farmers with import barriers and subsidies. Both sets of policies reduce national and global economic growth and add to inequality and poverty in developing countries. Acknowledgement of that since the 1980s has given rise to greater pressures for reform, both internal and external. Over the past two decades numerous developing country governments have reduced their sectoral and trade policy distortions, while many high-income countries continue with protectionist policies that harm developing country exports of farm products. Recent research suggests that the agricultural protectionist policies of high-income countries reduce welfare in many developing countries. Most of those studies also suggest that full global liberalization of merchandise trade would raise value added in agriculture in developing country regions, and that much of the benefit from global reform would come not just from reform in high-income countries but also from liberalization among developing countries, including in many cases own-country reform. These findings raise three key questions that are addressed in this paper: To what extent have the reforms of the past two decades succeeded in reducing distortions to agricultural incentives? Do current policy distortions still discriminate against farmers in low-income countries? And what are the prospects for further reform in the next decade or so? | en |
dc.identifier | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2006/12/7261784/reducing-distortions-agricultural-incentives-progress-pitfalls-prospects | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10986/9281 | |
dc.language | English | |
dc.language.iso | en_US | |
dc.publisher | World Bank, Washington, DC | |
dc.relation.ispartofseries | Policy Research Working Paper; No. 4092 | |
dc.rights | CC BY 3.0 IGO | |
dc.rights.holder | World Bank | |
dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ | |
dc.subject | ABSOLUTE TERMS | |
dc.subject | AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY | |
dc.subject | AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS | |
dc.subject | AGRICULTURAL ECONOMISTS | |
dc.subject | AGRICULTURAL EXPORTERS | |
dc.subject | AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS | |
dc.subject | AGRICULTURAL GOODS | |
dc.subject | AGRICULTURAL INCENTIVES | |
dc.subject | AGRICULTURAL MARKETS | |
dc.subject | AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT | |
dc.subject | AGRICULTURAL POLICIES | |
dc.subject | AGRICULTURAL POLICY | |
dc.subject | AGRICULTURAL PRICE | |
dc.subject | AGRICULTURAL PRICES | |
dc.subject | AGRICULTURAL PRICING | |
dc.subject | AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS | |
dc.subject | AGRICULTURAL PROTECTION | |
dc.subject | AGRICULTURAL PROTECTIONISM | |
dc.subject | AGRICULTURAL R&D | |
dc.subject | AGRICULTURAL REFORM | |
dc.subject | AGRICULTURAL SECTOR | |
dc.subject | AGRICULTURAL SUBSIDIES | |
dc.subject | AGRICULTURAL SUPPORT | |
dc.subject | AGRICULTURAL SUPPORT POLICIES | |
dc.subject | AGRICULTURAL TARIFF | |
dc.subject | AGRICULTURAL TARIFFS | |
dc.subject | AGRICULTURAL TRADE | |
dc.subject | AGRICULTURAL VALUE | |
dc.subject | AGRICULTURE | |
dc.subject | ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES | |
dc.subject | ANTI-TRADE | |
dc.subject | APPLIED TARIFF | |
dc.subject | BANANA | |
dc.subject | BANANAS | |
dc.subject | BILATERAL TARIFFS | |
dc.subject | BLACK MARKET | |
dc.subject | BORDER MEASURES | |
dc.subject | CAPITAL FLIGHT | |
dc.subject | COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE | |
dc.subject | COMPARATIVE DISADVANTAGE | |
dc.subject | CONSUMERS | |
dc.subject | COTTON | |
dc.subject | COUNTRY DATA | |
dc.subject | CURRENCY | |
dc.subject | DEVELOPED COUNTRIES | |
dc.subject | DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | |
dc.subject | DEVELOPING COUNTRY | |
dc.subject | DEVELOPMENT AGENCIES | |
dc.subject | DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS | |
dc.subject | DEVELOPMENT REPORT | |
dc.subject | DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH | |
dc.subject | DISPUTE SETTLEMENT | |
dc.subject | DUTY DRAWBACKS | |
dc.subject | EAST EUROPE | |
dc.subject | ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT | |
dc.subject | ECONOMIC GROWTH | |
dc.subject | ECONOMIC INTEGRATION | |
dc.subject | ECONOMIC LITERATURE | |
dc.subject | ECONOMIC POLICY | |
dc.subject | ECONOMIC RESEARCH | |
dc.subject | ECONOMIC WELFARE | |
dc.subject | ECONOMICS | |
dc.subject | ECONOMICS PROFESSION | |
dc.subject | ECONOMIES OF SCALE | |
dc.subject | EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE | |
dc.subject | EMPIRICAL MODEL | |
dc.subject | EXCHANGE RATE | |
dc.subject | EXCISE TAXES | |
dc.subject | EXPORT | |
dc.subject | EXPORT MARKETS | |
dc.subject | EXPORT PRICE | |
dc.subject | EXPORT PRICES | |
dc.subject | EXPORT SUBSIDIES | |
dc.subject | EXPORT TAXES | |
dc.subject | EXPORTERS | |
dc.subject | EXPORTS | |
dc.subject | FARM | |
dc.subject | FARM CREDIT | |
dc.subject | FARM INCOME | |
dc.subject | FARM INCOMES | |
dc.subject | FARM INPUTS | |
dc.subject | FARM PRODUCTS | |
dc.subject | FARM SIZE | |
dc.subject | FARMERS | |
dc.subject | FEED | |
dc.subject | FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS | |
dc.subject | FOOD EXPORTS | |
dc.subject | FOOD PRICES | |
dc.subject | FOOD PRODUCTS | |
dc.subject | FOOD SAFETY | |
dc.subject | FOOD SECURITY | |
dc.subject | FOREIGN CURRENCY | |
dc.subject | FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT | |
dc.subject | FOREIGN EXCHANGE | |
dc.subject | FOREIGN TRADE | |
dc.subject | FREE ACCESS | |
dc.subject | FREE TRADE | |
dc.subject | FULL LIBERALIZATION | |
dc.subject | GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSES | |
dc.subject | GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL | |
dc.subject | GLOBAL ECONOMY | |
dc.subject | GLOBAL TRADE | |
dc.subject | GLOBAL TRADE ANALYSIS | |
dc.subject | GOVERNMENT REGULATION | |
dc.subject | GROWTH HORMONES | |
dc.subject | GROWTH RATES | |
dc.subject | HOUSEHOLDS | |
dc.subject | HUMAN CAPITAL | |
dc.subject | IMPACT OF TRADE | |
dc.subject | IMPERFECT COMPETITION | |
dc.subject | IMPORT BARRIERS | |
dc.subject | IMPORT PRICES | |
dc.subject | IMPORT PROTECTION | |
dc.subject | IMPORT QUOTAS | |
dc.subject | IMPORT TARIFFS | |
dc.subject | IMPORTS | |
dc.subject | INCOME | |
dc.subject | INCOME MEASURES | |
dc.subject | INDIVIDUAL COUNTRIES | |
dc.subject | INTERNATIONAL PRICES | |
dc.subject | INTERNATIONAL TRADE | |
dc.subject | INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT | |
dc.subject | LATIN AMERICAN | |
dc.subject | LDCS | |
dc.subject | LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES | |
dc.subject | MARKET ACCESS | |
dc.subject | MARKETING | |
dc.subject | MULTILATERAL NEGOTIATIONS | |
dc.subject | MULTILATERAL TRADE | |
dc.subject | MULTILATERAL TRADE REFORM | |
dc.subject | OPENNESS | |
dc.subject | OVERVALUATION | |
dc.subject | OVERVALUED EXCHANGE | |
dc.subject | OVERVALUED EXCHANGE RATES | |
dc.subject | PER CAPITA INCOME | |
dc.subject | POLICY ANALYSIS | |
dc.subject | POLICY DEBATE | |
dc.subject | POLICY IMPLICATIONS | |
dc.subject | POLICY OPTIONS | |
dc.subject | POLICY REFORMS | |
dc.subject | POLICY RESEARCH | |
dc.subject | POLITICAL ECONOMY | |
dc.subject | POLITICAL ECONOMY OF REFORM | |
dc.subject | POOR COUNTRIES | |
dc.subject | POVERTY ALLEVIATION | |
dc.subject | PREFERENTIAL ACCESS | |
dc.subject | PREFERENTIAL AGREEMENTS | |
dc.subject | PREMIUM | |
dc.subject | PRICE INDEX | |
dc.subject | PRICE INDEXES | |
dc.subject | PRO-POOR | |
dc.subject | PRO-POOR GROWTH | |
dc.subject | PRODUCTIVITY | |
dc.subject | PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH | |
dc.subject | PROTECTION ESTIMATES | |
dc.subject | PROTECTION RATES | |
dc.subject | PROTECTIONISM | |
dc.subject | PROTECTIONIST POLICIES | |
dc.subject | PUBLIC EXPENDITURE | |
dc.subject | PUBLIC EXPENDITURES | |
dc.subject | QUALITY STANDARDS | |
dc.subject | RAPID INDUSTRIALIZATION | |
dc.subject | RATES OF PROTECTION | |
dc.subject | REAL INCOME | |
dc.subject | REAL INCOMES | |
dc.subject | RELATIVE IMPORTANCE | |
dc.subject | RICH COUNTRIES | |
dc.subject | ROUND OF MULTILATERAL TRADE NEGOTIATIONS | |
dc.subject | RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE | |
dc.subject | STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT | |
dc.subject | STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT PROGRAMS | |
dc.subject | SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA | |
dc.subject | SUGAR | |
dc.subject | TARIFF RATES | |
dc.subject | TAXATION | |
dc.subject | TERMS OF TRADE | |
dc.subject | TRADE EFFECT | |
dc.subject | TRADE NEGOTIATIONS | |
dc.subject | TRADE POLICIES | |
dc.subject | TRADE POLICY | |
dc.subject | TRADE PREFERENCES | |
dc.subject | TRADE REFORM | |
dc.subject | TRADE RESTRICTIONS | |
dc.subject | TRADE-DISTORTING MEASURES | |
dc.subject | TRANSITION ECONOMIES | |
dc.subject | UNILATERAL REFORM | |
dc.subject | URUGUAY ROUND | |
dc.subject | VALUE ADDED | |
dc.subject | VOLUME | |
dc.subject | WAGE RATES | |
dc.subject | WELFARE GAINS | |
dc.subject | WORLD TRADE | |
dc.subject | WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION | |
dc.subject | WTO | |
dc.title | Reducing Distortions to Agricultural Incentives: Progress, Pitfalls and Prospects | en |
dspace.entity.type | Publication | |
okr.doctype | Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper | |
okr.doctype | Publications & Research | |
okr.docurl | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2006/12/7261784/reducing-distortions-agricultural-incentives-progress-pitfalls-prospects | |
okr.globalpractice | Agriculture | |
okr.globalpractice | Macroeconomics and Fiscal Management | |
okr.globalpractice | Social, Urban, Rural and Resilience | |
okr.globalpractice | Poverty | |
okr.globalpractice | Trade and Competitiveness | |
okr.identifier.doi | 10.1596/1813-9450-4092 | |
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum | 000016406_20061212132020 | |
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum | 7261784 | |
okr.identifier.report | WPS4092 | |
okr.language.supported | en | |
okr.pdfurl | http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2006/12/12/000016406_20061212132020/Rendered/PDF/wps4092.pdf | en |
okr.topic | Poverty Reduction :: Achieving Shared Growth | |
okr.topic | Economic Theory and Research | |
okr.topic | Rural Development Knowledge and Information Systems | |
okr.topic | Agriculture :: Agribusiness | |
okr.topic | International Economics and Trade :: Free Trade | |
okr.topic | International Economics and Trade | |
okr.topic | Macroeconomics and Economic Growth | |
okr.topic | Rural Development | |
okr.unit | Development Research Group (DECRG) | |
okr.volume | 1 of 1 | |
relation.isAuthorOfPublication | 952f550f-cf8c-5d8d-9ae5-d0208ea5edd1 | |
relation.isSeriesOfPublication | 26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87 |
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