Publication:
Do Bilateral Labor Agreements Increase Migration? Global Evidence from 1960 to 2020

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dc.contributor.authorAdhikari, Samik
dc.contributor.authorCha'ngom, Narcisse
dc.contributor.authorKaila, Heidi
dc.contributor.authorShrestha, Maheshwor
dc.date.accessioned2024-12-17T19:32:55Z
dc.date.available2024-12-17T19:32:55Z
dc.date.issued2024-12-17
dc.description.abstractThis paper estimates the impact of bilateral labor arrangements on migration between two countries. It uses comprehensive data on bilateral migration and bilateral labor agreements across all country pairs for each decade from 1960 to 2020, and employs an empirical specification with a rich set of fixed effects. In the preferred and most stringent specification, the findings show that signing a bilateral labor agreement increases migration from an origin country to a destination country by 76 percent (0.57 log points) in the decade of signing. The effect persists for up to three decades. The impacts are higher for corridors without a pre-existing regular flow and for destinations in the Gulf Cooperation Council. In contrast, the effect is virtually absent for origin countries in Africa, driven by countries with weak government effectiveness. The estimates imply that bilateral labor agreements can lead to substantial welfare gains: low- and lower-middle-income countries can earn an additional US$120 million annually from a bilateral labor agreement. If countries in Sub-Saharan Africa were to experience similar impacts, the welfare gain from a single BLA could be as high as US$51 million per year for these origin countries.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099430112132444489/IDU1bc3557dc1f7ef140e9191dd1bcbc42955b21
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-11000
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-11000
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/42554
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherWashington, DC: World Bank
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research Working Paper; 11000
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectBILATERAL LABOR AGREEMENTS
dc.subjectBLAS
dc.subjectMIGRATION
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT
dc.titleDo Bilateral Labor Agreements Increase Migration? Global Evidence from 1960 to 2020en
dc.typeWorking Paper
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.associatedcontenthttps://reproducibility.worldbank.org/index.php/catalog/224 Link to reproducibility package
okr.date.disclosure2024-12-17
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-14T11:53:21.347126Z
okr.date.lastmodified2024-12-16T00:00:00Zen
okr.doctypePolicy Research Working Paper
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099430112132444489/IDU1bc3557dc1f7ef140e9191dd1bcbc42955b21
okr.guid099430112132444489
okr.identifier.docmidIDU-bc3557dc-f7ef-40e9-91dd-bcbc42955b21
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-11000
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum34435931
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum34435931
okr.identifier.reportWPS11000
okr.import.id6076
okr.importedtrueen
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099430112132444489/pdf/IDU1bc3557dc1f7ef140e9191dd1bcbc42955b21.pdfen
okr.region.geographicalWorld
okr.topicCommunities and Human Settlements::Human Migrations & Resettlements
okr.topicSocial Protections and Labor::Labor Policies
okr.topicMacroeconomics and Economic Growth::Income
okr.unitOffice of the Chief Economist (AFECE)
okr.unitSocial Protection & Labor AFR 3 (HAWS3)
okr.unitWorld Development Report (DECWD)
relation.isSeriesOfPublication26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
relation.isSeriesOfPublication.latestForDiscovery26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
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