Publication:
Fungibility and the Impact of Development Assistance : Evidence from Vietnam's Health Sector

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dc.contributor.authorWagstaff, Adam
dc.date.accessioned2012-05-22T21:32:06Z
dc.date.available2012-05-22T21:32:06Z
dc.date.issued2008-12
dc.description.abstractHow can the impact of aid be estimated in the presence of fungibility? And how far does fungibility reduce its benefits? These questions are analyzed in a context where a donor wants to target its efforts on a specific sector and specific geographic areas. A traditional differences-in-differences method comparing the change in outcomes between the target and nontarget areas before and after the project risks misestimating the project's benefits. The paper develops an alternative estimation method in which intersectoral fungibility reduces project benefits insofar as government spending has a smaller impact in the sector to which the funds leak than in the target sector, while intrasectoral fungibility reduces benefits insofar as the donor is able to leverage productivity increases in government spending in the target areas. The methods are applied to two contemporaneous World Bank health projects that set out to target assistance on approximately one-half of Vietnam's provinces. Aid is not apparently fungible between Vietnam's health sector and other sectors, but is fungible across provinces within the health sector. Differences-in-differences yield an insignificant impact on infant mortality, while the use of the new method yields a statistically significant impact of around 4 per 1000 live births. The results, however, are ambiguous on the costs associated with intrasectoral fungibility.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/12/10309754/fungibility-impact-development-assistance-evidence-vietnams-health-sector
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-4800
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/6328
dc.languageEnglish
dc.publisherWashington, DC: World Bank
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPolicy Research Working Paper; No. 4800
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectACCOUNTING
dc.subjectACCURATE ESTIMATE
dc.subjectAGED
dc.subjectALLOCATION
dc.subjectAMOUNT OF MONEY
dc.subjectBASELINE SCENARIO
dc.subjectBENEFICIARIES
dc.subjectBENEFICIARY
dc.subjectBREAST CANCER
dc.subjectBUDGET CONSTRAINT
dc.subjectCALCULATION
dc.subjectCENTRAL GOVERNMENT
dc.subjectCHILD CARE
dc.subjectCHILD HEALTH
dc.subjectCHILD MORTALITY
dc.subjectCHILD SURVIVAL
dc.subjectCLINICS
dc.subjectCOMMUNES
dc.subjectCONTRACEPTIVE SUPPLIES
dc.subjectCREDITS
dc.subjectDATA ANALYSIS
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT BANK
dc.subjectDISTRICTS
dc.subjectDONOR ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectDONOR FUNDS
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectESSENTIAL DRUGS
dc.subjectEXPENDITURE ALLOCATIONS
dc.subjectEXPENDITURE DATA
dc.subjectEXPENDITURES
dc.subjectFAMILY HEALTH
dc.subjectFAMILY PLANNING
dc.subjectFISCAL CAPACITY
dc.subjectFISCAL DECENTRALIZATION
dc.subjectFISCAL TRANSFERS
dc.subjectFUNGIBILITY
dc.subjectFUNGIBILITY OF AID
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT REVENUES
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT SPENDING
dc.subjectHEALTH CENTERS
dc.subjectHEALTH EXPENDITURE
dc.subjectHEALTH EXPENDITURES
dc.subjectHEALTH FACILITIES
dc.subjectHEALTH FINANCING
dc.subjectHEALTH INDICATORS
dc.subjectHEALTH INSURANCE
dc.subjectHEALTH MINISTRY
dc.subjectHEALTH OUTCOMES
dc.subjectHEALTH PLANNING
dc.subjectHEALTH PROBLEMS
dc.subjectHEALTH SECTOR
dc.subjectHEALTH SECTOR REFORM
dc.subjectHEALTH SPENDING
dc.subjectHOSPITALS
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectHOUSING
dc.subjectHOUSING CENSUS
dc.subjectHUMAN DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINFANT
dc.subjectINFANT DEATH
dc.subjectINFANT DEATHS
dc.subjectINFANT MORTALITY
dc.subjectINFANT MORTALITY RATE
dc.subjectINSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY
dc.subjectINSURANCE SCHEME
dc.subjectINTERVENTIONS
dc.subjectLIVE BIRTHS
dc.subjectLOAN
dc.subjectMALARIA
dc.subjectMARRIED WOMEN
dc.subjectMONEY MATTER
dc.subjectMORTALITY
dc.subjectMOTHER
dc.subjectNATIONAL GOVERNMENT
dc.subjectNATIONAL PRIORITY
dc.subjectNEWBORNS
dc.subjectNUMBER OF CHILDREN
dc.subjectOUTCOME INDICATOR
dc.subjectPATIENTS
dc.subjectPERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT
dc.subjectPOLICY RESEARCH
dc.subjectPOLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER
dc.subjectPOLLUTION
dc.subjectPOPULATION DENSITY
dc.subjectPOVERTY REDUCTION
dc.subjectPRIMARY HEALTH CARE
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectPROGRAMS
dc.subjectPROGRESS
dc.subjectPROVINCIAL EXPENDITURE
dc.subjectPROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT
dc.subjectPROVINCIAL LEVEL
dc.subjectPROVINCIAL REVENUES
dc.subjectPUBLIC ECONOMICS
dc.subjectPUBLIC EXPENDITURE
dc.subjectPUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW
dc.subjectPUBLIC RESOURCES
dc.subjectPUBLIC SERVICES
dc.subjectPUBLIC SPENDING
dc.subjectPURCHASES
dc.subjectREPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
dc.subjectRESPECT
dc.subjectRISK OF DEATH
dc.subjectRURAL AREAS
dc.subjectSANITATION
dc.subjectSAVINGS
dc.subjectSERVICE DELIVERY
dc.subjectSOCIAL HEALTH INSURANCE
dc.subjectSOCIAL SCIENCE
dc.subjectSOCIAL WELFARE
dc.subjectSPENDING INCREASE
dc.subjectSPILLOVER
dc.subjectSPILLOVER EFFECTS
dc.subjectTOTAL EXPENDITURES
dc.subjectTOTAL SPENDING
dc.subjectTRAINING PROGRAMS
dc.subjectURBAN AREAS
dc.subjectUSER FEES
dc.subjectWELFARE FUNCTION
dc.subjectWORTH
dc.titleFungibility and the Impact of Development Assistance : Evidence from Vietnam's Health Sectoren
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crossref.titleFungibility And The Impact Of Development Assistance: Evidence From Vietnam's Health Sector
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-10T12:20:08.670153Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Policy Research Working Paper
okr.doctypePublications & Research
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/12/10309754/fungibility-impact-development-assistance-evidence-vietnams-health-sector
okr.globalpracticeSocial, Urban, Rural and Resilience
okr.globalpracticeGovernance
okr.globalpracticeHealth, Nutrition, and Population
okr.guid991241468172775572
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-4800
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000158349_20090303110837
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum10309754
okr.identifier.reportWPS4800
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2009/03/03/000158349_20090303110837/Rendered/PDF/WPS4800.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeEast Asia and Pacific
okr.region.countryViet Nam
okr.topicHealth, Nutrition and Population::Population Policies
okr.topicHealth Monitoring and Evaluation
okr.topicPublic Sector Expenditure Analysis and Management
okr.topicHousing and Human Habitats
okr.topicCommunities and Human Settlements
okr.topicPublic Sector Development
okr.unitDevelopment Research Group (DECRG)
okr.volume1 of 1
relation.isAuthorOfPublication5d38fde2-5803-56c6-b733-3866ea5be265
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery5d38fde2-5803-56c6-b733-3866ea5be265
relation.isSeriesOfPublication26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
relation.isSeriesOfPublication.latestForDiscovery26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
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