Publication:
Wind Power Development : Economics and Policies

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dc.contributor.authorvan Kooten, G. Cornelis
dc.contributor.authorTimilsina, Govinda R.
dc.date.accessioned2012-03-19T19:09:19Z
dc.date.available2012-03-19T19:09:19Z
dc.date.issued2009-03-01
dc.description.abstractThis study reviews the prospects of wind power at the global level. Existing studies indicate that the earth's wind energy supply potential significantly exceeds global energy demand. Yet, only 1 percent of the global electricity demand is currently derived from wind power despite 40 percent annual growth in wind generating capacity over the past 25 years. More than 98 percent of total current wind power capacity is installed in the developed countries plus China and India. It has been estimated that wind power could supply 7 to 34 percent of global electricity needs by 2050. However, wind power faces a large number of technical, economic, financial, institutional, market, and other barriers. To overcome these barriers, many countries have employed various policy instruments, including capital subsidies, tax incentives, tradable energy certificates, feed-in tariffs, grid access guarantees and mandatory standards. Besides these policies, climate change mitigation initiatives resulting from the Kyoto Protocol (e.g., CO2-emission reduction targets in developed countries and the Clean Development Mechanism in developing countries) have played a significant role in promoting wind power.en
dc.identifierhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20090318101605
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-4868
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/4063
dc.languageEnglish
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPaper is funded by the Knowledge for Change Program (KCP),Policy Research working paper ; no. WPS 4868
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectAIR POLLUTION
dc.subjectAPPROACH
dc.subjectAVAILABILITY
dc.subjectBALANCE
dc.subjectBIOGAS
dc.subjectBIOMASS
dc.subjectBIOMASS ENERGY
dc.subjectCAPACITY FACTORS
dc.subjectCARBON
dc.subjectCARBON CAPTURE
dc.subjectCARBON CREDITS
dc.subjectCARBON TAX
dc.subjectCEMENT
dc.subjectCERTIFIED EMISSION REDUCTION
dc.subjectCLEAN DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectCLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM
dc.subjectCLEAN ENERGY
dc.subjectCLIMATE CHANGE
dc.subjectCLIMATE CHANGE INITIATIVES
dc.subjectCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION
dc.subjectCLIMATE EXCHANGE
dc.subjectCOAL
dc.subjectCOAL MINE
dc.subjectCOASTAL AREAS
dc.subjectCONVENTIONAL GENERATION
dc.subjectCOST OF ELECTRICITY
dc.subjectCOST OF ENERGY
dc.subjectCOST OF WIND POWER
dc.subjectCOSTS OF ELECTRICITY
dc.subjectCOSTS OF EXTERNALITIES
dc.subjectCYCLE GAS
dc.subjectCYCLE GAS PLANTS
dc.subjectDIESEL
dc.subjectDISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRICITY
dc.subjectDOMESTIC ENERGY
dc.subjectELECTRIC GRID
dc.subjectELECTRIC POWER
dc.subjectELECTRIC POWER GENERATION
dc.subjectELECTRICAL GENERATION
dc.subjectELECTRICAL GRID
dc.subjectELECTRICAL GRIDS
dc.subjectELECTRICITY
dc.subjectELECTRICITY CAPACITY
dc.subjectELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectELECTRICITY DEMAND
dc.subjectELECTRICITY FROM WIND
dc.subjectELECTRICITY GENERATION
dc.subjectELECTRICITY GENERATION TECHNOLOGIES
dc.subjectELECTRICITY PRODUCTION
dc.subjectELECTRICITY SECTOR
dc.subjectELECTRICITY SUPPLY
dc.subjectELECTRICITY SYSTEM
dc.subjectEMISSION
dc.subjectEMISSION REDUCTION
dc.subjectEMISSION REDUCTION UNITS
dc.subjectEMISSIONS
dc.subjectEMISSIONS REDUCTION
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectENERGY CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectENERGY EFFICIENCY
dc.subjectENERGY OUTLOOK
dc.subjectENERGY POLICIES
dc.subjectENERGY PRODUCTION
dc.subjectENERGY PRODUCTION TAX CREDIT
dc.subjectENERGY RESOURCES
dc.subjectENERGY SECURITY
dc.subjectENERGY SOURCES
dc.subjectENERGY SUPPLY
dc.subjectENERGY SYSTEMS
dc.subjectENERGY USE
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL COSTS
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL EXTERNALITIES
dc.subjectETHANOL
dc.subjectFEATHERING
dc.subjectFOSSIL
dc.subjectFOSSIL FUEL
dc.subjectFOSSIL FUEL PRICES
dc.subjectFOSSIL FUELS
dc.subjectFUEL
dc.subjectFUEL CELL
dc.subjectFUEL COSTS
dc.subjectFUEL PRICE
dc.subjectFUEL PRICES
dc.subjectFUEL SWITCHING
dc.subjectGAS PLANTS
dc.subjectGAS TURBINE
dc.subjectGASIFICATION
dc.subjectGENERATION
dc.subjectGENERATION CAPACITY
dc.subjectGENERATION OF ELECTRICITY
dc.subjectGLOBAL ENERGY DEMAND
dc.subjectGLOBAL ENERGY SUPPLY
dc.subjectGLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL FACILITY
dc.subjectGLOBAL WIND GENERATING CAPACITY
dc.subjectGREEN ENERGY
dc.subjectGRID CHARACTERISTICS
dc.subjectGRID CONNECTION
dc.subjectGRID ELECTRICITY
dc.subjectGRID ELECTRIFICATION
dc.subjectGRID EXTENSION
dc.subjectGRID INTERCONNECTION
dc.subjectGRID WIND POWER
dc.subjectHEAT
dc.subjectHYDRO SOURCES
dc.subjectHYDROGEN
dc.subjectHYDROPOWER
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
dc.subjectLAND USE
dc.subjectLANDFILL
dc.subjectLANDFILL GAS
dc.subjectMEAN WIND SPEED
dc.subjectMETEOROLOGICAL DATA
dc.subjectMETHANE
dc.subjectNATIONAL GRID
dc.subjectNUCLEAR ENERGY
dc.subjectNUCLEAR POWER
dc.subjectNUCLEAR POWER PLANTS
dc.subjectOFFSHORE WIND
dc.subjectOFFSHORE WIND CAPACITY
dc.subjectOFFSHORE WIND FARMS
dc.subjectPIPELINE
dc.subjectPOWER AVAILABILITY
dc.subjectPOWER FROM WIND
dc.subjectPOWER GENERATION CAPACITY
dc.subjectPOWER GENERATORS
dc.subjectPOWER PRODUCERS
dc.subjectPOWER PROJECT
dc.subjectPOWER PURCHASE AGREEMENTS
dc.subjectPOWER SYSTEM
dc.subjectPRICE VOLATILITY
dc.subjectPRICES OF FUELS
dc.subjectPRIMARY ENERGY
dc.subjectPRIMARY ENERGY CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectPRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY
dc.subjectPRODUCTION OF ELECTRICITY
dc.subjectPUBLIC UTILITIES
dc.subjectREAL EMISSIONS
dc.subjectRENEWABLE ENERGY
dc.subjectRENEWABLE ENERGY INDUSTRY
dc.subjectRENEWABLE ENERGY POLICY
dc.subjectRENEWABLE ENERGY PRODUCTION
dc.subjectRENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCE
dc.subjectRENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES
dc.subjectRENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGY
dc.subjectRENEWABLE GENERATION
dc.subjectRENEWABLE SOURCES
dc.subjectRENEWABLE SOURCES OF ENERGY
dc.subjectRESERVOIRS
dc.subjectRURAL ELECTRIFICATION
dc.subjectSMALL POWER PRODUCERS
dc.subjectSOLAR ENERGY
dc.subjectSOLAR THERMAL
dc.subjectSOLAR THERMAL SYSTEMS
dc.subjectSPACE HEATING
dc.subjectTAX CREDIT
dc.subjectTAX CREDITS
dc.subjectTAX INCENTIVES
dc.subjectTHERMAL POWER
dc.subjectTHERMAL POWER PLANTS
dc.subjectTOTAL ENERGY
dc.subjectTRANSMISSION GRID
dc.subjectTRANSMISSION LINES
dc.subjectTRANSMISSION SYSTEM
dc.subjectTURBINE COMPONENTS
dc.subjectTURBINES
dc.subjectUTILITY-SCALE
dc.subjectUTILITY-SCALE WIND POWER
dc.subjectVOLTAGE
dc.subjectVOLUNTARY AGREEMENTS
dc.subjectWASTE
dc.subjectWEATHER PATTERNS
dc.subjectWIND
dc.subjectWIND CAPACITY
dc.subjectWIND DATA
dc.subjectWIND DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectWIND ENERGY
dc.subjectWIND ENERGY DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectWIND ENERGY PROJECTS
dc.subjectWIND FARM
dc.subjectWIND GENERATING CAPACITY
dc.subjectWIND GENERATION
dc.subjectWIND GENERATORS
dc.subjectWIND INDUSTRY
dc.subjectWIND PENETRATION
dc.subjectWIND POTENTIAL
dc.subjectWIND POWER
dc.subjectWIND POWER CAPACITY
dc.subjectWIND POWER DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectWIND POWER GENERATION
dc.subjectWIND POWER GENERATORS
dc.subjectWIND POWER PLANTS
dc.subjectWIND POWER POTENTIAL
dc.subjectWIND POWER PRODUCTION
dc.subjectWIND POWER PROJECT
dc.subjectWIND POWER RESOURCES
dc.subjectWIND PRODUCERS
dc.subjectWIND PROJECTS
dc.subjectWIND RESOURCE
dc.subjectWIND RESOURCES
dc.subjectWIND SITES
dc.subjectWIND SPEED
dc.subjectWIND SPEEDS
dc.subjectWIND TECHNOLOGY
dc.subjectWIND TURBINE
dc.subjectWIND TURBINE TECHNOLOGY
dc.subjectWIND TURBINES
dc.subjectWIND VARIABILITY
dc.subjectWINDMILLS
dc.subjectWINDS
dc.subjectWORLD ENERGY
dc.subjectWORLD ENERGY CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectWORLD ENERGY OUTLOOK
dc.titleWind Power Development : Economics and Policiesen
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.crossref.titleWind Power Development: Economics And Policies
okr.date.doiregistration2025-04-10T12:19:58.439512Z
okr.doctypePublications & Research::Policy Research Working Paper
okr.docurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20090318101605
okr.globalpracticeEnergy and Extractives
okr.guid705351468149669645
okr.identifier.doi10.1596/1813-9450-4868
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000158349_20090318101605
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum10359285
okr.identifier.reportWPS4868
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2009/03/18/000158349_20090318101605/Rendered/PDF/WPS4868.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeThe World Region
okr.region.administrativeThe World Region
okr.sectorEnergy and mining :: General energy sector
okr.themeEnvironment and natural resources management :: Climate change
okr.themeEnvironment and natural resource management
okr.topicEnergy::Energy Production and Transportation
okr.topicEnergy::Windpower
okr.unitDevelopment Research Group (DECRG)
okr.volume1 of 1
relation.isSeriesOfPublication26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
relation.isSeriesOfPublication.latestForDiscovery26e071dc-b0bf-409c-b982-df2970295c87
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