Publication:
Tunisia's Global Integration : Second Generation of Reforms to Boost Growth and Employment

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dc.contributor.authorWorld Bank
dc.date.accessioned2012-06-12T21:46:26Z
dc.date.available2012-06-12T21:46:26Z
dc.date.issued2008-05
dc.description.abstractThis report addresses the following issues: Chapter one takes stock of the integration policies implemented since the early 1970s and assessed their impact on foreign direct investments (FDI), exports and employment. Chapter two looks at today's major challenges in the manufacturing sector and the specific policies needed to address them. Chapter three assesses the entry, business, and trade restrictions in Tunisia's key backbone services sectors (telecommunication, banking, air transport, accounting, auditing, and legal services) using a well-focused regulatory questionnaire. The restrictiveness indices calculated from the regulatory questionnaire are then used to benchmark Tunisia against Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and some emerging economies and to simulate the impact of various liberalization options on the price of services and the economy via a multi-region general equilibrium model. Finally, chapter four examines the prospect for increasing exports and off shoring of a large number of services for which Tunisia has demonstrated a strong capacity for export in recent years. The significant increase in real incomes in Tunisia is the result of solid gross domestic product (GDP) growth since the mid-1960s (5 percent a year), low inflation and the demographic transition, faster than in neighboring countries. In 1996-2007, economic growth has exhibited greater resilience to moderate exogenous shocks, thanks to prudent macroeconomic management public debt declined from 62.4 percent in 2001 to 50.9 percent of GDP in 2007 thanks to pro-active debt management. The resulting decline in the debt service since 2005 combined with steady GDP growth allowed the government to 'protect' capital expenditures and key social spending within the context of low but structural fiscal deficit. While the current account remained in deficit over the last 10 years, foreign exchange reserves increased steadily thanks to increasing FDI inflows. In 2007, international reserves increased by US$ 1 billion to US$ 7.8 billion, representing 4.6 months of imports of goods and services.en
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/05/9936025/tunisias-global-integration-second-generation-reforms-boost-growth-employment
dc.identifier.doi10.1596/7893
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/7893
dc.languageEnglish
dc.publisherWashington, DC
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rights.holderWorld Bank
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectACCESS TO INFORMATION
dc.subjectACCOUNTING
dc.subjectACTIVE DEBT
dc.subjectAGRICULTURE
dc.subjectANTI-COMPETITIVE PRACTICES
dc.subjectAPPAREL
dc.subjectAVERAGE PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectAVERAGE TARIFF
dc.subjectBALANCE OF PAYMENT
dc.subjectBANK PROFITABILITY
dc.subjectBARRIERS TO COMPETITION
dc.subjectBENCHMARK
dc.subjectBENCHMARKING
dc.subjectBENEFICIARIES
dc.subjectBILATERAL AGREEMENT
dc.subjectBILATERAL AGREEMENTS
dc.subjectBILATERAL COOPERATION
dc.subjectBORROWER
dc.subjectBUSINESS ENVIRONMENT
dc.subjectCAPITAL GOODS
dc.subjectCOLLATERALS
dc.subjectCOMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES
dc.subjectCOMPETITION AUTHORITIES
dc.subjectCOMPETITION LAW
dc.subjectCOMPETITION LAWS
dc.subjectCOMPETITION LEGISLATION
dc.subjectCOMPETITIVE POSITION
dc.subjectCOMPETITIVENESS
dc.subjectCONSUMER PRICES
dc.subjectCONSUMERS
dc.subjectCOUNTRY MARKETS
dc.subjectCOUNTRY RISK
dc.subjectCREDIBILITY
dc.subjectCREDIT MARKET
dc.subjectCREDIT STRUCTURE
dc.subjectCURRENT ACCOUNT
dc.subjectCUSTOMS CLEARANCE
dc.subjectCUSTOMS PROCEDURES
dc.subjectDEBT
dc.subjectDEBT MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectDEBT SERVICE
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRY
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT PROJECTS
dc.subjectDOMESTIC CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectDOMESTIC INDUSTRIES
dc.subjectDOMESTIC MARKET
dc.subjectDOMESTIC MARKETS
dc.subjectDOUBLE TAXATION
dc.subjectECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC EXPANSION
dc.subjectECONOMIC SECTORS
dc.subjectECONOMIES OF SCALE
dc.subjectEMERGING ECONOMIES
dc.subjectENTRY BARRIERS
dc.subjectEQUIPMENT
dc.subjectEQUIPMENTS
dc.subjectEXCHANGE CONTROLS
dc.subjectEXCHANGE RATES
dc.subjectEXOGENOUS SHOCKS
dc.subjectEXPENDITURES
dc.subjectEXPORT BIAS
dc.subjectEXPORT GROWTH
dc.subjectEXPORT MARKET
dc.subjectEXPORT MARKETS
dc.subjectEXPORT OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectEXPORT PERFORMANCE
dc.subjectEXPORT VALUE
dc.subjectEXPORT VOLUMES
dc.subjectEXPORTER
dc.subjectEXPORTERS
dc.subjectEXPORTS
dc.subjectEXTERNAL TRADE
dc.subjectFINAL GOODS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL INSTRUMENT
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SECTOR
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SUPPORT
dc.subjectFISCAL DEFICIT
dc.subjectFIXED COSTS
dc.subjectFOREIGN BANKS
dc.subjectFOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT
dc.subjectFOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS
dc.subjectFOREIGN EXCHANGE
dc.subjectFOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES
dc.subjectFOREIGN FIRMS
dc.subjectFOREIGN INVESTMENT
dc.subjectFOREIGN INVESTORS
dc.subjectFOREIGN MARKETS
dc.subjectFRAUD
dc.subjectFREE ACCESS
dc.subjectFREE TRADE
dc.subjectFREE TRADE AGREEMENTS
dc.subjectFREE TRADE AREA
dc.subjectGDP PER CAPITA
dc.subjectGENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL
dc.subjectGLOBAL COMPETITION
dc.subjectGLOBAL INTEGRATION
dc.subjectGLOBAL MARKET
dc.subjectGROWTH MODELS
dc.subjectGROWTH RATE
dc.subjectHUMAN CAPITAL
dc.subjectHUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectHUMAN RESOURCE
dc.subjectINCOME GROWTH
dc.subjectINDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS
dc.subjectINDUSTRIAL SECTOR
dc.subjectINFLATION
dc.subjectINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
dc.subjectINFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectINSURANCE
dc.subjectINSURANCE COMPANIES
dc.subjectINTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL MARKET
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL PRICES
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL PRODUCTION
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL STANDARDS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL TRADE
dc.subjectINVENTORY
dc.subjectINVESTING
dc.subjectINVESTMENT CLIMATE
dc.subjectINVESTMENT INCENTIVES
dc.subjectKNOWLEDGE SPILLOVERS
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET
dc.subjectLABOR MARKETS
dc.subjectLACK OF COMPETITION
dc.subjectLIBERALIZATION OF TRADE
dc.subjectLOAN
dc.subjectLOAN DEFAULT
dc.subjectLOAN DEFAULTS
dc.subjectMARKET ACCESS
dc.subjectMARKET ECONOMY
dc.subjectMARKET FAILURE
dc.subjectMARKET FAILURES
dc.subjectMARKET SHARE
dc.subjectMARKET SHARES
dc.subjectMARKET STRUCTURE
dc.subjectMATURITIES
dc.subjectMETAL PRODUCTS
dc.subjectMULTILATERAL LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectMUTUAL RECOGNITION
dc.subjectNET INFLOWS
dc.subjectNONPAYMENT
dc.subjectNONPERFORMING LOANS
dc.subjectOIL EXPORTERS
dc.subjectOPENNESS
dc.subjectOWNERSHIP STRUCTURE
dc.subjectPREFERENTIAL AGREEMENT
dc.subjectPREFERENTIAL AGREEMENTS
dc.subjectPREFERENTIAL PARTNERS
dc.subjectPREFERENTIAL TRADE
dc.subjectPREFERENTIAL TRADE AGREEMENT
dc.subjectPRIVATE CREDIT
dc.subjectPRIVATE INVESTMENT
dc.subjectPROCESS OF NEGOTIATIONS
dc.subjectPRODUCT DIFFERENTIATION
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY GROWTH
dc.subjectPROPERTY RIGHT
dc.subjectPROTECTION RATES
dc.subjectPUBLIC DEBT
dc.subjectPURCHASING POWER
dc.subjectREAL GDP
dc.subjectREAL INCOME
dc.subjectREGIONAL TRADE
dc.subjectREGULATORY BARRIERS
dc.subjectREGULATORY CONVERGENCE
dc.subjectREGULATORY OVERSIGHT
dc.subjectRETAIL TRADING
dc.subjectRISK OF LOAN
dc.subjectRULES OF ORIGIN
dc.subjectSHAREHOLDER
dc.subjectSPECIALIZATION
dc.subjectSTRUCTURAL CHANGE
dc.subjectTARIFF PROTECTION
dc.subjectTARIFF RATE
dc.subjectTARIFF RATES
dc.subjectTARIFF REDUCTION
dc.subjectTARIFF REDUCTIONS
dc.subjectTAX
dc.subjectTAX RATE
dc.subjectTAXATION
dc.subjectTECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectTELECOMMUNICATIONS
dc.subjectTIMELY PAYMENT
dc.subjectTOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectTRADE AGREEMENT
dc.subjectTRADE AGREEMENTS
dc.subjectTRADE DIVERSION
dc.subjectTRADE FACILITATION
dc.subjectTRADE INTEGRATION
dc.subjectTRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectTRADE LOGISTICS
dc.subjectTRADE NEGOTIATIONS
dc.subjectTRADE POLICY
dc.subjectTRADE REFORM
dc.subjectTRADE REFORMS
dc.subjectTRADE REGIME
dc.subjectTRADE RESTRICTIONS
dc.subjectTRADING
dc.subjectTRANSACTION
dc.subjectTRANSACTION COSTS
dc.subjectTRANSACTIONS COSTS
dc.subjectTRANSPARENCY
dc.subjectTRANSPORT COSTS
dc.subjectTREATIES
dc.subjectTRUST FUND
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT RATE
dc.subjectUNFAIR COMPETITION
dc.subjectUNILATERAL REFORM
dc.subjectURUGUAY ROUND
dc.subjectVALUE ADDED
dc.subjectWAREHOUSES
dc.subjectWELFARE GAINS
dc.subjectWORKING CAPITAL
dc.subjectWORLD MARKETS
dc.subjectWTO
dc.subjectZERO TARIFFS
dc.titleTunisia's Global Integration : Second Generation of Reforms to Boost Growth and Employmenten
dc.title.alternativeIntegration Mondiale de la Tunisie : Une Nouvelle Generation de Reformes pour Booster la Croissance et l'Emploien
dspace.entity.typePublication
okr.date.doiregistration2025-05-07T11:49:17.509012Z
okr.doctypeEconomic & Sector Work::General Economy, Macroeconomics and Growth Study
okr.doctypeEconomic & Sector Work
okr.docurlhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/05/9936025/tunisias-global-integration-second-generation-reforms-boost-growth-employment
okr.globalpracticeMacroeconomics and Fiscal Management
okr.globalpracticeFinance and Markets
okr.globalpracticeFinance and Markets
okr.globalpracticeTrade and Competitiveness
okr.guid597651468111834779
okr.guid221241468111257164
okr.identifier.externaldocumentum000333038_20081015003014
okr.identifier.internaldocumentum9936025
okr.identifier.report40129
okr.language.supporteden
okr.pdfurlhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2008/10/15/000333038_20081015003014/Rendered/PDF/401290SR0WHITE1ort0English010Sept08.pdfen
okr.region.administrativeMiddle East and North Africa
okr.region.countryTunisia
okr.sectorGeneral public administration sector
okr.sectorGeneral industry and trade sector
okr.sectorGeneral finance sector
okr.sectorGeneral agriculture
okr.sectorGeneral agriculture, fishing and forestry sector
okr.themeMacroeconomic management
okr.themeAnalysis of economic growth
okr.topicEconomic Theory and Research
okr.topicPrivate Sector Development::Emerging Markets
okr.topicMacroeconomics and Economic Growth::Markets and Market Access
okr.topicInternational Economics and Trade::Free Trade
okr.topicFinance and Financial Sector Development::Debt Markets
okr.unitSocial & Economic Development Gp (MNSED)
okr.volume1 of 1
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